Marcelo Antonio Conterato

Caracterização da pluriatividade e dos plurirrendimentos da agricultura brasileira a partir do Censo Agropecuário 2006

he article discusses the phenomenon of pluriactivity in Brazilian agriculture, referring to the diversification of economic and labour activities in rural areas, and pluri-incomes, referring to the diversification of income sources accessed by farmers and their families. Based on 2006 Agricultural Census data, an analysis for Brazil and Southern and Northeastern regions of the country is carried out, trying to compare the so-called “pluriactive households” belonging to family farming and non-family farming categories. The paper identifies and quantifies these households; characterize them according to the type of pluriactivity and the labour relations of employed persons; and identifies their distinct revenue sources, measuring the importance of each one in the formation of total revenue. The empirical finding of a higher percentage of non-family farming households classified as pluriactive (51.9%) than the family farming (34.1%) led to an intriguing theoretical question, since almost all the studies in Brazil always considered pluriactivity as a phenomenon specific to family farming. Although this question is only briefly discussed, the most significant result is that there must be an important part of family farmers who, precisely because they are pluriactive, are improperly classified as non-family farmers and, therefore, excluded from official statistics and possibly of the very public policies suitable for family farming.

Pobreza, Vulnerabilidade e Desenvolvimento no Território Rural Zona Sul: o que aponta o Índice de Condição de Vida?

The paper presents the Living Conditions Index’s construction (LCI), based on the Capability Approach and on the Livelihoods Approach, and its application in Territorio Rural Zona Sul do Rio Grande do Sul. The research sought to reflect about the existence (or not) of concrete or potential situations of vulnerability and poverty. For this, the ICV’s results were analysed by indicators and by instances. The results showed that families were not exposed, a priori, to situations of vulnerability and poverty. However, given the proven existence of privations to achieve a higher welfare level, a question was made about a possible situation of resignedly accommodation within which these families could be immersed.

Da produção de tabaco ao cultivo de alimentos: novidades e transições sociotécnicas na agricultura familiar de Porto Vera Cruz - RS

O cultivo de tabaco tem importância expressiva no Brasil, entre outras razoes, pela destacada posicao internacional que o pais ocupa em termos de volume produzido e exportado e do grande numero de produtores envolvidos. Por outro lado, no cenario internacional destaca-se a crescente restricao a sua producao e consumo, implicando incertezas em relacao ao futuro, o que gera a necessidade de reflexoes sobre a substituicao do seu cultivo. O objetivo do presente trabalho e examinar as estrategias e o processo de transicao sociotecnica desenvolvida por agricultores familiares que substituiram o cultivo de tabaco por alimentos. A metodologia contemplou aspectos qualitativos e quantitativos. Foram obtidos dados primarios atraves de estudo de caso junto a Cooperativa dos Agricultores de Porto Vera Cruz – RS, no ano de 2014, atraves de entrevistas em profundidade, observacao participante e questionarios estruturados. Utilizando-se a Perspectiva Multinivel e a producao de novidades como referencias analiticas, o artigo mostra como a emergencia de uma novidade organizacional e o acesso aos mercados institucionais catalisaram alteracoes substantivas nas trajetorias de desenvolvimento rural.

Desenvolvimento rural em escala microrregional: uma análise entre microrregiões fumicultoras e não fumicultoras no Rio Grande do Sul na primeira década do século 21

The objective of this paper is to present and analyze some results in terms of regional dynamics of rural development for the Rio Grande do Sul in the first decade of the 21st century, emphasizing the comparison between non-tobacco growing and tobacco growing regions. This will be done through the construction of a Rural Development Index (RDI) for 35 micro-regions of the state of Rio Grande do Sul defined by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). For construction of the IDR were considered 36 indicators divided into five dimensions (social, demographic, political-institutional, economic and environmental). The initial hypothesis was confirmed raised, since the area under tobacco in Rio Grande do Sul, considering the years 2000 and 2008, would have advanced mainly in the less dynamic, less IDR. It can also attest that the development of tobacco cultivation in the period considered is also given in the tobacco growing regions traditionally characterized by low IDR presented, although well advanced in some areas not traditionally tobacco growing, these IDR even lower. The methodology adopted is not possible to correlate directly with the advancement of tobacco growing worse or better in the indicators of rural development or analysis in terms of (un) sustainability, since each variable is taken at only one point in time. Still, we determined the validity of the methodology for comparative analysis in space (if this work) and time (allowing comparisons and changes over time).