Marilice Zundt

Desempenho de cordeiros alimentados com diferentes níveis protéicos

The experiment was carried out to evaluate increasing crude protein (CP) levels in drylot lambs diet, and its effects on animal performance. Thirty two tricross lambs (1/2 Texel + ¼ Bergamacia + ¼ Corriedale), being 16 males and 16 females, with average age 5 months and live weight 30 kg, were fed for 57 days, with isoenergetic diets (72% TDN), but with different protein levels (12, 16, 20 and 24% PB). The animals were identified, weighted and distributed in the four treatments. The lambs were kept underroof in individual pens with lathing and a suspended floor. The studied parameters were weight daily gain, dry matter intake, feed efficiency, and cost per kilogram of carcass. The use of diets with different protein levels in lamb termination, showed a positive linear effect for weight daily gain and negative feed efficiency. It was verified that the use of diets with increasing protein levels did not influence the dry matter intake of the lambs. It was concluded that the diets between 12 and 24% crude protein were economical for finishing lambs in drylot, however, the largest return were gotten with the ration contends 12% CP. There were no sex effects for the analyzed parameters.

Desempenhos reprodutivo e produtivo de ovelhas Santa Inês suplementadas em diferentes fases da gestação

The reproductive and productive behaviour of Santa Ines ewes were evaluated as a function of supplementation in different stages of pregnancy, where NS = pasture during the day and cassava bagasse during the night over the breeding season and pregnancy, S46 = NS plus supplement (soybean hulls) from the 46th day after the beginning of the breeding season until the birth and S100 = NS plus supplement (soybean hulls) from the 100th day after the beginning of the breeding season until the birth. Ninety-Four Santa Ines ewes were utilized, mating by five Santa Ines and five Dorset ram. The treatment did not affect ewe weight on the 84 days after the beginning of the supplementation (EW 4), weight of the ewe at the weaning (WEW), pregnancy incidence (0 or 1) at the final third part of it (PREG), birth rate (BIRTH), natality rate (NR) and prolificity (PROLI), being the averages of 49.54 kg; 0.82; 0.71; 0.88 and 1.26 respectively. Ewes supplementation, sex and genetic group of the lamb did not influence the birth weight (LWB), by the age of 30 days (LW30) and by the 60 days (LW60). The averages were, respectively, 3.47 kg; 8.26 kg and 12.42 kg. The type of birth affected the LWB and the LW30. There was no difference for the total weight of the lambs at birth (TWB), total weight of the lambs after 30 days (TW30) and total weight of the lambs after 60 days (TW60) between the treatments, inside each type of birth and among the genetic groups. The supplementation stages of the ewe, the genetic group of the lamb and the type of birth did not influence the death rate, from the birth until the age of 30 and 60 days. The reproductive performance of the supplementeds ewes in the pregnancy period using 0.5% of live weight, with soybean hulls, was not modified.

Características de carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento, com dietas contendo diferentes níveis protéicos

Thirty two tricross lambs were finished (1/2 Texel + ¼ Bergamacia + ¼ Corriedale), 16 males and 16 females, were fed for 71 days, with isoenergetic diets (72% TDN), but with different protein levels (12,16,20 and 24% PB) and kept indoors in individual pens. The carcass were evaluated after slaughter. The average net carcass yield was 54%, while the average commercial carcass yield was 48%. It was verified that protein levels between 12 and 24% did not affect hot and cold carcass weights; commercial carcass yield, indexes of compactness of the carcass, and ham, as well as the body condition, carcass conformation, fat covering, fat consistency, meat color, fat thickness and fat deposition. The animals finished with 12% crude protein in the diet showed the highest carcass yield.

Desempenho e características das fibras musculares esqueléticas de cordeiros nascidos de ovelhas que receberam suplementação alimentar em diferentes períodos da gestação

The objective of this trial was to evaluate the body weight change as well as the diameters and numbers of muscular fibers of the Semitendinosus muscle of lambs from birth until weaning that were born from Santa Ines ewes supplemented at different stages of gestation. Seventy-three Santa Ines ewes averaging 45.11 kg of body weight (BW) that were bred with three Dorset rams were randomly assigned to the following treatments during pregnancy: 1) control (CO): tanzaniagrass pasture (Panicum maximum Jacq.) plus cassava by product during the entire gestation; 2) initial third (IT) - CO plus supplementation from the 1st to 50th day of gestation; 3) medium third (MT) - CO plus supplementation from the 50th to 100th day of gestation; 4) final third (FT) - CO plus supplementation from the 100th day of gestation to birth. The birth season occurred from November 23/2003 to January 03/2004. Treatments did not affect the lambs BW at birth (BWB), at 30 days of age (BW30), and at weaning (BW60), which averaged 4.02, 9.19, 16.40 kg, respectively. The average daily weight gain from birth to weaning (ADG 0-60) also did not differ across treatments showing a mean value of 0.21 kg/day. The type of birth (single or twins) significantly affected the BWB, BW30, BW60, and ADG 0-60. No significant differences were observed in the diameters of muscular fibers at birth (11.61 mm) and at weaning (27.65 mm) comparing all treatments. The number of muscular fibers, weight, and length of the semitendinosus muscle averaged 1,454, 21.04 g, and 8.43 cm, respectively, and were all unaffected by the supplementation at different stages of pregnancy. It can be concluded that supplementing ewes during gestation is not recommended if animals are fed tanzaniagrass plus a cassava by-product (CO treatment).The objective of this trial was to evaluate the body weight change as well as the diameters and numbers of muscular fibers of the Semitendinosus muscle of lambs from birth until weaning that were born from Santa Ines ewes supplemented at different stages of gestation. Seventy-three Santa Ines ewes averaging 45.11 kg of body weight (BW) that were bred with three Dorset rams were randomly assigned to the following treatments during pregnancy: 1) control (CO): tanzaniagrass pasture (Panicum maximum Jacq.) plus cassava by product during the entire gestation; 2) initial third (IT) - CO plus supplementation from the 1st to 50th day of gestation; 3) medium third (MT) - CO plus supplementation from the 50th to 100th day of gestation; 4) final third (FT) - CO plus supplementation from the 100th day of gestation to birth. The birth season occurred from November 23/2003 to January 03/2004. Treatments did not affect the lambs BW at birth (BWB), at 30 days of age (BW30), and at weaning (BW60), which averaged 4.02, 9.19, 16.40 kg, respectively. The average daily weight gain from birth to weaning (ADG 0-60) also did not differ across treatments showing a mean value of 0.21 kg/day. The type of birth (single or twins) significantly affected the BWB, BW30, BW60, and ADG 0-60. No significant differences were observed in the diameters of muscular fibers at birth (11.61 mm) and at weaning (27.65 mm) comparing all treatments. The number of muscular fibers, weight, and length of the semitendinosus muscle averaged 1,454, 21.04 g, and 8.43 cm, respectively, and were all unaffected by the supplementation at different stages of pregnancy. It can be concluded that supplementing ewes during gestation is not recommended if animals are fed tanzaniagrass plus a cassava by-product (CO treatment).

AVALIAÇÃO DO FOTOPERÍODO E DURAÇÃO DO PROTOCOLO COM PROGESTÁGENO SOBRE A CONCENTRAÇÃO PLASMÁTICA DE PROGESTERONA EM OVELHAS INSEMINADAS EM TEMPO FIXO

Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram: avaliar, na primavera e verao (novembro a marco), a concentracao plasmatica de progesterona em ovelhas lanadas e deslanadas criadas no oeste paulista; avaliar a concentracao plasmatica de progesterona em funcao do tempo de permanencia do progestageno (6, 9 ou 12 dias) em protocolo de inseminacao artificial em tempo fixo (IATF). No experimento 1 foram utilizadas 12 ovelhas mesticas: 6 padrao Texel (Te) e 6 Santa Ines (SI), nas quais foram feitas, entre novembro e marco, sete colheitas de sangue (C1 a C7), por venopuncao da jugular, para posterior dosagem de progesterona (P 4 )por radioimunoensaio (RIA). No experimento 2 foram utilizadas 38 ovelhas Te e SI divididas aleatoriamente em tres grupos: G-6 (n= 13); G-9 (n= 13); e G-12 (n= 12). Inicialmente cada ovelha recebeu uma esponja intravaginal de progestageno (D0) que permaneceu por 6 (G-6), 9 (G-9) ou 12 dias (G-12). Na retirada da esponja foram administrados, por via intramuscular, 0,1315 mg de prostaglandina F2α (PGF2α) e 300 UI de gonadotrofina corionica equina (eCG). A IATF, por via laparoscopica, foi feita a partir de 50 horas apos a retirada do progestageno. Trinta dias apos foi realizado diagnostico de gestacao atraves de ultrassonografia transabdominal. Exp. 1. Com excecao da colheita 7 (C7), em todas as outras o grupo SI apresentou concentracao de P 4 estatisticamente superior (P<0,05) ao grupo Te. Exp. 2. No momento da retirada do progestageno o G-12 apresentou concentracao de P 4 significativamente (P<0,05)menor (0,342 ng/mL) que o G-6 (1,684 ng/mL) e G-9 (1,762 ng/mL). No entanto nao houve diferenca na taxa de prenhez entre os grupos G-6 (76,9%), G-9 (61,5%) e G-12 (91,6%). As ovelhas SI apresentaram concentracao plasmatica de P 4 maior que as ovelhas Te nos periodos avaliados. A duracao da permanencia do progestageno nao afeta a taxa de prenhez em ovelhas.