Marta Julia Marques Lopes

Teses produzidas nos programas de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem de 1983 a 2001

Este estudo descreve a relacao das teses de doutorado em enfermagem defendidas nos Programas de Pos-Graduacao em Enfermagem, no Brasil, com as linhas de pesquisas definidas pela area da Enfermagem, em tres campos: profissional, assistencial e organizacional. E uma pesquisa descritiva-exploratoria, com base nos relatorios dos programas de Pos-Graduacao, avaliados pela Capes e no Catalogo Informacoes sobre Pesquisas e Pesquisadores em Enfermagem CEPEn/ABEn, referentes ao periodo de 1983-2001, totalizando 448 resumos. O campo assistencial alberga o maior numero de producao, seguido do organizacional e do profissional. As investigacoes evidenciam uma tendencia para estudos de abordagem qualitativa, descortinando possibilidades de aprofundamento do conhecimento da realidade ou compreensao de fenomenos sociais que tangenciam a pratica da enfermagem, porem, os estudos de intervencao na pratica profissional e de desenvolvimento de tecnologia ainda estao em fase de construcao.This study describes the relationship between nursing doctoral dissertations and research lines defined by the Brazilian Nursing field in three areas: professional, care and organizational. It isa descriptive-exploratory research, based on reports of Graduate Programs evaluated by CAPES and on The Informative Guide of Nursing Research and Researchers CEPEn/ ABEn, from 1983 to 2001, totalling 448 abstracts. The care field includes the greatest production, followed by the organizational and professional areas. The studies disclose tendency towards the qualitative approach revealing possibilities for a more profound knowledge about reality or a more through understanding of social phenomena related to nursing practice. On the other hand, studies on interventions in professional practice and technological development are still under construction.

Homicídios entre adolescentes no Sul do Brasil: situações de vulnerabilidade segundo seus familiares

This study focused on homicide deaths of adolescents (ages 10 to 19 years) in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in 1997. Data were obtained from the Mortality Information System (SIM) of the Municipal Health Department. Families were visited at the addresses found on death certificates and were interviewed by two researchers. Of the 68 cases selected, 57 families were visited; eight families refused to be interviewed, and three addresses were not found. Most of the adolescents were socially vulnerable, as indicated by low per capita income and parental educational level; 78.9% had dropped out of school. Males were the predominant victims of adolescent homicide deaths (91.2%). Behavioral vulnerability was demonstrated as follows: 40.4% of the adolescents consumed alcoholic beverages and 45.6% illicit drugs, and 58.6% had criminal records or a history of custody at FEBEM (the State Juvenile Custody Facilities) or police arrests. The study highlights the importance of coordinating actions among different sectors to reach adolescents both at home and in the schools and communities.

Educação em saúde: a orientação alimentar através de atividades de grupo

Trata-se de um projeto assistencial que visou a implantacao de um grupo com enfoque na re-educacao alimentar e na qualidade de vida no âmbito de um Programa de Saude da Familia de Porto Alegre. O objetivo dessa proposta foi a introducao de praticas de grupo orientadas para a educacao-prevencao de danos a saude, centradas no componente alimentar, atraves de dinâmicas de grupo. As atividades de grupo foram descritas em diario de campo o que possibilitou contemplar nao somente as especificidades objetivas dessas acoes, mas tambem o carater reflexivo das dinâmicas e dos depoimentos colhidos. Portanto, pode-se visualizar a assistencia sob o foco educativo, apoiando-se em elementos como a promocao das relacoes interpessoais que convergem para o estabelecimento de confianca e autodeterminacao. Dessa forma, investiu-se na criacao de um ambiente favoravel para a revisao de comportamentos e condicionamentos decorrentes dos mesmos.

Violência entre jovens: dinâmicas sociais e situações de vulnerabilidade

Esse estudo busca analisar as dinâmicas sociais implicadas na vida de jovens vitimas de violencias por meio da (re)construcao das relacoes cotidianas discutindo situacoes de vulnerabilidade. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-exploratorio, utilizando o genograma e ecomapa como instrumentos de coleta de dados. Entrevistou-se 23 jovens vitimas desse evento, no municipio de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Adotou-se analise de conteudo do tipo tematico. Nas interacoes sociais dos jovens, observou-se fragilizacao das redes de relacoes. A maioria desses jovens sao oriundos de familias com precaria insercao social e economica. A formacao escolar e reconhecida enquanto garantia de inclusao social, no entanto para alguns os problemas do ensino publico e a violencia intra e extramuros, colaboram para a descaracterizacao da escola como espaco protegido e de aprendizagem. Conhecer as dinâmicas sociais implicadas nas situacoes de vulnerabilidade, auxilia na compreensao desse fenomeno e pode influenciar acoes de prevencao e promocao a partir dos servicos de saude.The purpose of this study is to analyze the social dynamics implied in the life of youngsters, victims of violence, by (re) constructing the day-to-day relations and, therefore, discussing vulnerability situations. It is a descriptive and exploratory study that uses the genogram and the ecomap as instruments for data collection. Interview was carried out with 23 young victims of these events in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Content analysis of the thematic type was adopted. From the social interactions of the surveyed youngsters, we observed the fragility of their relationship networks. Regarding the family environment, evidence shows that most of the youngsters come from families with precarious social and economic background. School education is recognized as a guarantee of social inclusion; however for some, the problems with state education and violence in and out of school collaborate for the decharacterization of the school as a protected and learning space. Learning the social dynamics implied in situations of vulnerability helps to understand this phenomenon and can influence prevention and promotion actions from health services.

Práticas terapêuticas entre idosos de Porto Alegre: uma abordagem qualitativa

This study had as its main objective to know, comprehend and analyze the use of therapeutic practices among elders who live in urban areas. With a qualitative approach, this research was carried out in the eastern part of the city of Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul. It processed the socio-demographic characterization of 24 elders randomly chosen and the analysis of the information collected from them regarding the use of therapeutic practices. The elders interviewed were in their majority female, 68-years old in average, with four years of schooling. The main therapeutic practice mentioned by the interviewees was self-medication.Another therapeutic practice that was mentioned is the visit to a health professional. The study considers that through the analysis and critical discussion of the theme it is possible to provide subsidies for the qualification of professionals in the field of Health education and of nursing work in general, thus favoring the care and self-care processes among elders.This study had as its main objective to know, comprehend and analyze the use of therapeutic practices among elders who live in urban areas. With a qualitative approach, this research was carried out in the eastern part of the city of Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul. It processed the socio-demographic characterization of 24 elders randomly chosen and the analysis of the information collected from them regarding the use of therapeutic practices. The elders interviewed were in their majority female, 68-years old in average, with four years of schooling. The main therapeutic practice mentioned by the interviewees was self-medication. Another therapeutic practice that was mentioned is the visit to a health professional. The study considers that through the analysis and critical discussion of the theme it is possible to provide subsidies for the qualification of professionals in the field of Health education and of nursing work in general, thus favoring the care and self-care processes among elders.

Doctoral education in nursing in Brazil

This study aimed to present the trajectory of doctoral education in nursing in Brazil from 1981 to 2004. A descriptive and analytical study was carried out, using documents available at the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education, a body responsible for the recognition, evaluation and coordination of graduate studies in Brazil. Data analysis revealed that there are 13 doctoral courses in nursing, most of which are concentrated in the Southeast (69.2%), and that teaching and scientific production have been influenced by demographic and epidemiological transitions and by historical, social and political movements. Knowledge production is related to Nursing Care, Health Management and Practices and Theoretical Foundations of Care. Doctoral programs have prepared leaders in the fields of education, research and public policy development, in health institutions as well as in public policies, health institutions and governmental entities.This study aimed to present the trajectory of doctoral education in nursing in Brazil from 1981 to 2004. A descriptive and analytical study was carried out, using documents available at the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education, a body responsible for the recognition, evaluation and coordination of graduate studies in Brazil. Data analysis revealed that there are 13 doctoral courses in nursing, most of which are concentrated in the Southeast (69.2%), and that teaching and scientific production have been influenced by demographic and epidemiological transitions and by historical, social and political movements. Knowledge production is related to Nursing Care, Health Management and Practices and Theoretical Foundations of Care. Doctoral programs have prepared leaders in the fields of education, research and public policy development, in health institutions as well as in public policies, health institutions and governmental entities.This study aimed to present the trajectory of doctoral education in nursing in Brazil from 1981 to 2004. A descriptive and analytical study was carried out, using documents available at the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education, a body responsible for the recognition, evaluation and coordination of graduate studies in Brazil. Data analysis revealed that there are 13 doctoral courses in nursing, most of which are concentrated in the Southeast (69.2%), and that teaching and scientific production have been influenced by demographic and epidemiological transitions and by historical, social and political movements. Knowledge production is related to Nursing Care, Health Management and Practices and Theoretical Foundations of Care. Doctoral programs have prepared leaders in the fields of education, research and public policy development, in health institutions as well as in public policies, health institutions and governmental entities. DESCRIPTORS: education, nursing; education; nursing

EDUCAÇÃO DO DOUTORADO EM ENFERMAGEM NO BRASIL

This study aimed to present the trajectory of doctoral education in nursing in Brazil from 1981 to 2004. A descriptive and analytical study was carried out, using documents available at the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education, a body responsible for the recognition, evaluation and coordination of graduate studies in Brazil. Data analysis revealed that there are 13 doctoral courses in nursing, most of which are concentrated in the Southeast (69.2%), and that teaching and scientific production have been influenced by demographic and epidemiological transitions and by historical, social and political movements. Knowledge production is related to Nursing Care, Health Management and Practices and Theoretical Foundations of Care. Doctoral programs have prepared leaders in the fields of education, research and public policy development, in health institutions as well as in public policies, health institutions and governmental entities.This study aimed to present the trajectory of doctoral education in nursing in Brazil from 1981 to 2004. A descriptive and analytical study was carried out, using documents available at the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education, a body responsible for the recognition, evaluation and coordination of graduate studies in Brazil. Data analysis revealed that there are 13 doctoral courses in nursing, most of which are concentrated in the Southeast (69.2%), and that teaching and scientific production have been influenced by demographic and epidemiological transitions and by historical, social and political movements. Knowledge production is related to Nursing Care, Health Management and Practices and Theoretical Foundations of Care. Doctoral programs have prepared leaders in the fields of education, research and public policy development, in health institutions as well as in public policies, health institutions and governmental entities.This study aimed to present the trajectory of doctoral education in nursing in Brazil from 1981 to 2004. A descriptive and analytical study was carried out, using documents available at the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education, a body responsible for the recognition, evaluation and coordination of graduate studies in Brazil. Data analysis revealed that there are 13 doctoral courses in nursing, most of which are concentrated in the Southeast (69.2%), and that teaching and scientific production have been influenced by demographic and epidemiological transitions and by historical, social and political movements. Knowledge production is related to Nursing Care, Health Management and Practices and Theoretical Foundations of Care. Doctoral programs have prepared leaders in the fields of education, research and public policy development, in health institutions as well as in public policies, health institutions and governmental entities. DESCRIPTORS: education, nursing; education; nursing

Homicides among teenagers in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil: vulnerability, susceptibility, and gender cultures

The authors present a quantitative and qualitative study on homicides among teenagers in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, based on a historical series during the 1990s and the life and death histories in this group, with a special focus on 1997. In that year there were 68 homicides in which the victims were from 10 to 19 years old. Of the 68, 62 were males and only 6 females, or a ratio of 10:1, showing that young males are more vulnerable and susceptible to being murdered. The data indicate that cause of death is influenced by gender culture and that homicides are based on power and status symbols characterizing a kind of virility. This expression of virility in the shaping of violence also appears in the domination of the female body observed in homicides with young women as the victims. The life and death histories of these teenagers highlight the pertinence of the gender-based analysis as a theoretical-analytical category, in addition to analyses considering socioeconomic aspects and social inequity.

Os registros profissionais do atendimento pré-natal e a (in)visibilidade da violência doméstica contra a mulher

It is a qualitative study that utilized documentary research in the collection of data. It approaches the domestic violence against woman considering the public pre-natal care. It aims at identifying and analyzing the conducts and strategies utilized by health professionals during the prenatal in the suspicion of violence cases and in the declared violence besides discussing the problem of care of pregnant women under violence condition from the perspective of the records. The research focused on 784 records of pregnant women registered in 2006 at 12 Basic Health Care Services in Porto Alegre. 20 records of violence against woman were identified, 10 out of them were upon the prenatal, 07 during the prenatal and 03 at the postnatal. It has been found out that violence appears out of context and the conduct was centered in the consequences on the physical and psychological health of the woman and the children. Violence is not registered as an offense to the woman´s health; thus, it generates omissions in the attendance, sub-registration and invisibility so as to make the elaboration of confronting strategies non-feasible.Resumen Se trata de estudio cualitativo que utilizó la pesquisa documental para la recolección de los datos. Aborda la violencia doméstica contra la mujer tomando en consideración la atención prenatal pública. El objetivo fue identificar y analizar las conductas y estrategias utilizadas por los profesionales de la salud durante el prenatal, en la sospecha de casos de violencia y en la violencia declarada, y discutir la problemática de los atendimientos a las mujeres embarazadas en situación de violencia, bajo la luz de los registros. Se analizaron 784 registros de mujeres embarazadas registrados en 2006 en 12 Centros de Servicios de Atención Básica de Porto Alegre. Se identificaron 20 registros de violencia contra la mujer, 10 anteriores al periodo prenatal, 07 durante el periodo prenatal y 03 durante el periodo posnatal. Fue constatado que la violencia aparece descontextualizada y la conducta se centró en las consecuencias sobre la salud física y psicológica de la mujer y de los hijos. La violencia no es registrada como un agravante de la salud de la mujer, provocando omisiones en el atendimiento, subregistro y la franca invisibilidad, causando como consecuencia, la imposobilidade de desarrollar estrategias para enfrentar la violencia. . Palabras clave: Violencia contra la Mujer. Atención prenatal. Salud de la Mujer. Atención Primaria de Salud. 1Enfermeira especialista, mestranda em Enfermagem, Bolsista CAPES, Escola de Enfermagem UFRGS. Brasil. E-mail: elisianegomes@hotmail.com, 2Doutora em Sociologia, Professora Titular Depar tamento Assistência Orientação Profissional, Escola Enfermagem UFRGS. Brasil. E-mail: mar ta@enf.ufrgs.br, 3Acadêmica de Enfermagem, Bolsista Iniciação Científica, Escola de Enfermagem UFRGS. Brasil. E-mail: marcyenf@gmail.com PESQUISA RESEARCH INVESTIGACIÓN It is a qualitative study that utilized documentary research in the collection of data. It approaches the domestic violence against woman considering the public pre-natal care. It aims at identifying and analyzing the conducts and strategies utilized by health professionals during the prenatal in the suspicion of violence cases and in the declared violence besides discussing the problem of care of pregnant women under violence condition from the perspective of the records. The research focused on 784 records of pregnant women registered in 2006 at 12 Basic Health Care Services in Porto Alegre. 20 records of violence against woman were identified, 10 out of them were upon the prenatal, 07 during the prenatal and 03 at the postnatal. It has been found out that violence appears out of context and the conduct was centered in the consequences on the physical and psychological health of the woman and the children. Violence is not registered as an offense to the woman ́s health; thus, it generates omissions in the attendance, sub-registration and invisibility so as to make the elaboration of confronting strategies non-feasible.

Violência contra mulheres rurais: gênero e ações de saúde

Objective: To analyze from an analytical category of gender, the dimensions of violence against rural women according to health management staff, professiona...