Michaela Fritz

A digital CMOS DNA chip

A fully electronic medium density DNA micro array is presented using a CMOS process extended by gold electrodes. The chip provides 128 sensor sites, in-sensor site current-mode A/D conversion, peripheral circuitry including bandgap and current references, D/A-converters to provide electrode bias voltages, calibration circuitry, and a 6 pin interface for power supply and serial digital data transfer.

Integrated circuits for the biology-to-silicon interface

An overview is given of CMOS-based sensor and actuator chips for in-vitro applications in the biotechnology area. We address the challenges and the potential of the combination of solid-state circuits with the wet world of bio molecules and living cells. Basic biological operating principles, market considerations, extended CMOS processing issues, and concrete circuit examples are discussed.

Integrated circuits for the biology-to-silicon interface [biotechnology]

An overview is given of CMOS-based sensor- and actuator chips for in-vitro applications in the biotechnology area. We address the challenges and the potential of the combination of solid-state circuits with the wet world of bio molecules and living cells. Basic biological operating principles, market considerations, extended CMOS processing issues and concrete circuit examples are discussed.