Milton Athayde

A promoção da saúde a partir das situações de trabalho: considerações referenciadas em uma experiência com trabalhadores de escolas públicas

O objetivo deste artigo e apresentar e discutir o que esta sendo por nos denominado Promocao da Saude a partir das Situacoes de Trabalho (PSST). Para isto faz-se uso de uma experiencia desenvolvida no estado do Rio de Janeiro e no municipio de Joao Pessoa/PB: o Programa de Formacao em Saude, Genero e Trabalho nas Escolas Publicas. Tal experimentacao teve, como ponto de partida e chegada, as situacoes concretas de trabalho, e envolveu, numa perspectiva ergologica, o dialogo sinergico entre os polos da experiencia e dos conceitos, mediado pelo polo etico-epistemico, pela constituicao de Comunidades Ampliadas de Pesquisa (CAP). Sua realizacao propiciou (e vem propiciando) a producao de varios eventos promotores de saude, englobando modificacoes concretas na organizacao e no ambiente de trabalho, mudancas nas formas de luta pela saude e, mesmo, transformacoes no modo de olhar o trabalho e a vida.

O Programa de Saúde da Família sob o ponto de vista da atividade: uma análise das relações entre os processos de trabalho, saúde e subjetivação

PSF (Programa de Saude da Familia - Family Health Program) is a strategy aimed at reorganizing public primary care in Brazil. The program is quickly expanding its population coverage and increasing the number of hired professionals. Its focus lies in changing its work process by implementing technological and organizational alterations aimed at increasing effectiveness of actions in the context of primary care, thus posing new challenges to health-care professionals. In this study we seek to understand the relation between work processes, health and subjectivation in the context of the Family Health Program in a Primary Care Unit of the Unified Health System, the Brazilian public health system, in the South of the country, from the perspective of activity. We detected some gaps between PSF prescriptive tasks and the actual work situation, which motivated professionals to struggle for their health by (re)defining their working methods. Since this managerial system was adopted by the health unit, work process turned into a potential area for the development of inventiveness, which allowed joining efficiency and creativity, and helped strengthen their health gains.

Ivar Oddone e sua contribuição para o campo da Saúde do Trabalhador no Brasil

This essay discusses the contributions of both Ivar Oddone and the Italian Worker’s struggle for health Model (IWM) for the development of the worker’s health field, particularly in Brazil. It starts by revising the ways the IWM legacy was incorporated to the Worker’s Health research and practices. Then, it presents the building of the industrial hazard mappings experience carried out in the Southeast of France. The third part deals with the concept of “expanded scientific community” and its derivations. Finally, it discusses the “instruction to the double” technique as an effective instrument for workers’ re-appropriation of their strategies for action at work and for their implementation. The paper highlights that it is not a matter of incorporating the Italian experience, but of working out its principles and experiences, considering its potential power for instigating collective actions and for strengthening existing mobilizations. The paper points at the IWM up to date aspect: although the traditional ways of struggling are less evident, one can be sure of workers’ recreating capacity.

Dimensão relacional da atividade de cuidado e condições de trabalho de auxiliares de enfermagem em uma unidade neonatal

Este artigo analisa as condicoes de trabalho de auxiliares de enfermagem que atuam em Unidade Neonatal, considerando a dimensao relacional da atividade de cuidado. Tendo como principais referencias epistemologicas a concepcao canguilhemiana de saude e a perspectiva ergologica, a pesquisa se pautou em abordagens clinicas do trabalhar, incluindo metodos diretos (observacoes), indiretos (conversas e encontros sobre o trabalho com as auxiliares) e analise de documentos relativos as normas antecedentes desse trabalho. Analisou-se fundamentalmente a producao linguageira dos coletivos. Entre os resultados encontrados, destacam-se: o desenvolvimento dessa atividade de cuidado implica intensa mobilizacao das trabalhadoras; a possibilidade de nao atender as maes que chegam para ter seus bebes parece ser mais nocivo a saude dessas profissionais do que trabalhar com um numero excessivo de pacientes. Concluiu-se que as condicoes precarias de trabalho sao potencialmente produtoras de sofrimento patogenico, uma vez que a realizacao prazerosa e bem-sucedida dessa atividade e dificultada.

Organização do trabalho, subjetividade e confiabilidade na atividade de mergulho profundo

In this paper, we focus on the collective dimension of the deep-sea diving work and, specially, the subjective compounds implicated in such activity, because we consider such aspects so fundamental to think the security and the reliability of the complex social-technical systems. We took as empirical field the investigation conducted by Figueiredo (2001) concerning the conditions in which this activity is developed in the Campos Oil Fields (Northern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro), that is permanently outsourced and inserted in the offshore oil industry. Our analysis showed that when some of the so-called fundamental rules of work are not considered, such as the decisive role that these rules perform in the execution of the tasks, the way of labor organization is presented, creates serious obstacles to cohesion and to consolidation of the work collectives, mining the inner cooperation potential, with serious risks to the reliability of the analyzed system and to the mental health and security of the divers.

Ampliando o diálogo entre trabalhadores e profissionais de pesquisa: alguns métodos de pesquisa-intervenção para o campo da Saúde do Trabalhador

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar os casos de morte nos acidentes com bicicleta ocorridos em Pernambuco entre 2001 e 2010. Este estudo quantitativo analisou dados secundarios. A amostra consistiu de todas as Declaracoes de Obitos registradas no Sistema de Informacao de Mortalidade do Banco de Dados do Sistema Unico de Saude que relataram acidentes de bicicleta entre 2001 e 2010. Medidas descritivas foram determinadas para todas as variaveis. As sociodemograficas foram cruzadas com a causa basica de morte em busca de correlacao estatistica. Em Pernambuco, no citado sistema de informacao, foram registradas 517 Declaracoes de Obitos decorrentes de acidentes de bicicleta, sendo nestes sinistros a participacao mais frequente de homens, entre 25-59 anos, pardos, solteiros e de escolaridade ignorada. A idade media foi de 36,82 anos (desvio padrao = 17,026), sendo a idade minima e a maxima, respectivamente, 4 e 86 anos. Os achados apontam para a necessidade da criacao de infraestrutura adequada e de medidas legais efetivas para prevenir acidentes de trafego envolvendo este tipo de veiculo, apoiando-se na evidencia de distribuicao de casos na maioria dos municipios de Pernambuco.

Colectivos de trabajo, inserción y formación: el caso de los jueces del trabajo

This paper is meant to discuss the processes of insertion and professional education of labor judges in the North Region of Brazil, focusing on the role that labor collectives may play in these processes. The paper is based on qualitative research conducted with 13 judges by the means of semi-structured interviews, assessed with the help of the technical analysis of their thematic contents. The results obtained show that the insertion in the law court is surrounded by questions, fear and vacillation. After all, their continuing education is harmed by the great amount of work, which consumes their labor-time. Such difficulties are either lonely faced or with the help of a very restrict number of colleagues. This work shows that this problem would be better managed if the collectives of labor were friendly with their new members.

Coletivos de trabalho, inserção e formação: o caso dos juízes do trabalho

This paper is meant to discuss the processes of insertion and professional education of labor judges in the North Region of Brazil, focusing on the role that labor collectives may play in these processes. The paper is based on qualitative research conducted with 13 judges by the means of semi-structured interviews, assessed with the help of the technical analysis of their thematic contents. The results obtained show that the insertion in the law court is surrounded by questions, fear and vacillation. After all, their continuing education is harmed by the great amount of work, which consumes their labor-time. Such difficulties are either lonely faced or with the help of a very restrict number of colleagues. This work shows that this problem would be better managed if the collectives of labor were friendly with their new members.

Collectives of labor, insertion and education: the case of the labor judges

This paper is meant to discuss the processes of insertion and professional education of labor judges in the North Region of Brazil, focusing on the role that labor collectives may play in these processes. The paper is based on qualitative research conducted with 13 judges by the means of semi-structured interviews, assessed with the help of the technical analysis of their thematic contents. The results obtained show that the insertion in the law court is surrounded by questions, fear and vacillation. After all, their continuing education is harmed by the great amount of work, which consumes their labor-time. Such difficulties are either lonely faced or with the help of a very restrict number of colleagues. This work shows that this problem would be better managed if the collectives of labor were friendly with their new members.

La promoción de la salud a artir de las situaciones de trabajo: consideraciones referenciadas en una experiencia con trabajadores de escuelas públicas

O objetivo deste artigo e apresentar e discutir o que esta sendo por nos denominado Promocao da Saude a partir das Situacoes de Trabalho (PSST). Para isto faz-se uso de uma experiencia desenvolvida no estado do Rio de Janeiro e no municipio de Joao Pessoa/PB: o Programa de Formacao em Saude, Genero e Trabalho nas Escolas Publicas. Tal experimentacao teve, como ponto de partida e chegada, as situacoes concretas de trabalho, e envolveu, numa perspectiva ergologica, o dialogo sinergico entre os polos da experiencia e dos conceitos, mediado pelo polo etico-epistemico, pela constituicao de Comunidades Ampliadas de Pesquisa (CAP). Sua realizacao propiciou (e vem propiciando) a producao de varios eventos promotores de saude, englobando modificacoes concretas na organizacao e no ambiente de trabalho, mudancas nas formas de luta pela saude e, mesmo, transformacoes no modo de olhar o trabalho e a vida.