Pâmella de Medeiros

Association between body dissatisfaction and bullying in children of socioeconomically vulnerable areas

HighlightsThe association between body image, body composition and school bullying was evaluated.409 children with 11.14 years in high social vulnerability in Brazil participated.Victim–aggressor bullying participants are dissatisfied with thinness.Girls aged 8–10 years and with high fat % have dissatisfaction with excess.Body dissatisfaction showed associations with body composition and bullying. Aim: To analyze the association between dissatisfaction with body image and weight status and the roles assumed in school bullying in children and adolescents living in a socioeconomically vulnerable area. Method: 409 children and adolescents with average age of 11 years, from Florianópolis, Brazil, participated in this study. The body image was self‐assessed through the Body Silhouettes Scale, the weight state through the body mass index (BMI) and the roles of participation in bullying through the Olweus Questionnaire. Results: It was verified a significant association between “dissatisfaction with thinness” and (i) weight status, (ii) sex and (iii) roles of participation in bullying. In addition, low weight, boys and bully‐victims presented a greater odds of body dissatisfaction due to thinness. The variable “dissatisfaction with excess” was negatively associated with age and weight status. Participants aged 11–12 years and 13 and 16 years, as well as children and adolescents with low weight, had lower odds of having excessive dissatisfaction. Conclusion: The associations found in this study are important tools for developing interventions to avoid or minimize the effects of early body dissatisfaction and consequently violence at school, especially in children with increased determinants such as those living in socioeconomically vulnerable areas.

EXERGAMES COMO FERRAMENTA DE AQUISIÇÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE HABILIDADES E CAPACIDADES MOTORAS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the literature on the effectiveness of exergames in physical education classes and in the acquisition and development of motor skills and abilities. Data source: The analyses were carried out by two independent evaluators, limited to English and Portuguese, in four databases: Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus and PubMed, without restrictions related with year. The keywords used were: “Exergames and motor learning and motor skill” and “Exergames and motor skill and physical education”. The inclusion criteria were: articles that evaluated the effectiveness of exergames in physical education classes regarding the acquisition and development of motor skills. The following were excluded: books, theses and dissertations; repetitions; articles published in proceedings and conference summaries; and studies with sick children and/or use of the tool for rehabilitation purposes. Data synthesis: 96 publications were found, and 8 studies were selected for a final review. The quality of the articles was evaluated using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) scale and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Evidence was found on the recurring positive effects of exergames in both motor skills acquisition and motor skills development. Conclusions: Exergames, when used in a conscious manner - so as to not completely replace sports and other recreational activities -, incorporate good strategies for parents and physical education teachers in motivating children and adolescents to practice physical exercise.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERCEIVED STRESS IN ADOLESCENCE, BODY WEIGHT AND ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the association between perceived stress in adolescence, body weight and romantic relationships. Methods: Participants were 2,571 adolescents (56.1% female), with mean age of 16.6±1.2 years, who were students of public schools in Amazonas. The adolescents answered a questionnaire with sociodemographic questions (sex, age group, school year, study shift, maternal schooling and family income) and related to body weight dissatisfaction, romantic relationships (identified by the relationship status - with or without a partner) and perceived stress (dependent variable). Binary Logistic Regression was used to test the association between perceived stress, body weight dissatisfaction and romantic relationships. The analysis was adjusted by sex and age group. Results: The prevalence of perceived stress was 19.0% (95% confidence interval - 95%CI 17.5-20.3), and was higher among girls (23.2%; 95%CI 21.5-24.5) than boys (13.6%; 95%CI 12.2-14.7). Adolescents with partners (OR 1.76; 95%CI 1.14-2.71) and those who wanted to lose body weight (OR 1.53; 95%IC 1.18-1.98) were more likely to perceive themselves as stressed. Conclusions: There was an association between perceived stress, relationship status and body weight dissatisfaction. Regardless of sex and age group, the adolescents with a partner and those who wanted to lose weight were more likely to perceive themselves as stressed. Girls should receive special attention, as well as adolescents with partners and those who want to lose body weight.

A influência do desempenho motor no “status” social percebido por crianças

Este estudo teve como objetivos descrever o desempenho motor de criancas e adolescentes em relacao ao “status” social dos mesmos segundo a percepcao dos colegas nos diferentes sexos, alem de verificar se ha o efeito sexo nessa possivel associacao. Participaram desta pesquisa 300 criancas e adolescentes do 3o ao 5o ano e da 4a a 6a serie do Ensino Fundamental de duas escolas publicas, com idades entre oito e 14 anos. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a Bateria motora TGMD-2 e a Escala Subjetiva de Status Social. As meninas apresentaram melhor desempenho motor que os meninos, no entanto, apenas os meninos com melhor desempenho motor tambem apresentaram maior “status” social percebido. Tal situacao nos indica que os meninos estao mais suscetiveis a avaliacoes sociais positivas pautadas em competencias fisicas que as meninas, podendo fazer uso do seu melhor nivel de desempenho motor para elevar a sua popularidade na escola atraves de praticas esportivas.

DESEMPENHO MOTOR E SUA RELAÇÃO COM O BULLYING ESCOLAR EM CRIANÇAS EM CONTEXTO DE ALTA VULNERABILIDADE SOCIAL

O sucesso nas atividades fisicas e o envolvimento em esportes em idade escolar, sao responsaveis pelo aumento da popularidade. No entanto, o contrario tambem e verdadeiro, sendo que criancas com menores niveis habilidades motoras tendem a ter menos amigos, sao rejeitadas pelos pares, sao menos convidadas para brincar e participar de jogos, alem de serem mais propensas a sofrerem de depressao e serem intimidados na escola Com isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se ha relacao entre o desempenho motor e os papeis de participacao no bullying escolar de criancas em situacao de alta vulnerabilidade social da grande Florianopolis - SC. Participaram 126 criancas, com idades entre 8 e 10 anos (X=9,38, SD=, sendo 57 meninos e 69 meninas. Para avaliar o desempenho motor, utilizou-se o Test of Gross Dvelopment - TGMD-2. Para descrever os papeis no bullying escolar segundo a auto percepcao dos participantes, utilizou-se o Questionario de Olweus, ja para a percepcao dos colegas, utilizou-se a Escala Socio Metrica. Nao foi encontrada relacao entre o desempenho motor e o envolvimento no bullying escolar, tanto nos papeis assumidos pela auto percepcao dos participantes, quanto pela indicacao dos colegas. Acredita-se que o baixo desempenho motor por parte da maioria dos participantes deste estudo fez com que os alunos nao se diferenciassem entre os papeis de participacao no bullying, tornando-se um grupo homogeneo no que tange a variavel desempenho motor. Diante disso, sugere-se que novos estudos sejam conduzidos para verificar se os fatores de risco presentes em comunidades de alta vulnerabilidade social podem contribuir, de fato, para um pior desempenho motor, tornando-as ainda mais importantes para a compreensao do bullying escolar.

UM PANORAMA ACERCA DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NACIONAL SOBRE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA E SEXUALIDADE

Introduction: We have been observing the growth and strengthening of the academic-scientific production through individual or research groups with common interests. However, up to present moment, we have not identified qualitative and quantitative information on the theme “sexuality.” Thus, this constitutes a gap in knowledge, both in Health Care as in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the Brazilian research groups devoted to study the topic “sexuality.” These groups are registered in the Directory of Research Groups created by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). The secondary endpoint of our study is to analyze the scientific production of the leaders and vice-leaders of these groups in the last three years (2010-2012). Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from an advanced research carried out directly from the Brazilian Directory of Research Group database hosted on the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development website. We searched materials with the term “sexuality” only. Subsequently, we carried out a new search using the Lattes Platform, in order to investigate the Lattes curriculum of the leaders and vice-leaders of research groups (RG) found. We delimited, as inclusion criteria for this survey, production in scientific journals, books, and book chapters published between 2010 and 2012. We considered only productions with the word “sexuality” in the title. Results: We found 343 groups, which are responsible for 3,670 published articles, 597 books, and 2,017 chapters of books. However, “sexuality” was addressed only by 2.91% of the articles, 7.03% of the books, and 9.17% of the chapters of books.