Rafaella de Carvalho Rodrigues Araújo

Valores, metas de realização e desempenho acadêmico: proposta de modelo explicativo

The current study aimed to know to what extent values explain achievement goals and whether the latter predict good academic performance. Participants were 307 high school students from João Pessoa (PB), most of them women (61.2%) and from public schools (68%), with a mean age of 17.6 years old. They answered the Achievement Goals Questionnaire, the Basic Values Survey, Academic Performance Indicators and demographic questions. Based on linear regressions, an explanatory model was proposed in which value priorities predicted the goal achievements and these, in turn, predicted the academic performance. Results suggested the model presented satisfactory goodness of fit indices. However, further research was suggested to test this model in different samples, as well as taking into account other variables that could contribute to a better understanding of academic performance and its determinants.The current study aimed to know to what extent values explain achievement goals and whether the latter predict good academic performance. Participants were 307 high school students from Joao Pessoa (PB), most of them women (61.2%) and from public schools (68%), with a mean age of 17.6 years old. They answered the Achievement Goals Questionnaire, the Basic Values Survey, Academic Performance Indicators and demographic questions. Based on linear regressions, an explanatory model was proposed in which value priorities predicted the goal achievements and these, in turn, predicted the academic performance. Results suggested the model presented satisfactory goodness of fit indices. However, further research was suggested to test this model in different samples, as well as taking into account other variables that could contribute to a better understanding of academic performance and its determinants.

Preocupação com a honra no nordeste brasileiro: correlatos demográficos

The present research aimed at investigating the demographic correlates of honor concerns in three religious groups (Catholics, Baptists, and Spiritists) in two cities in northeastern Brazil (Joao Pessoa and Recife). Two studies were conducted to achieve this goal. In Study 1, participants were 312 people from general population, contacted in churches and temples. They presented a mean age of 32 years (sd = 15.28) and were mostly women (63%). In Study 2, participants were 178 people from general population, mostly women (69%), with a mean age of 32 years (sd = 10.51). Participants answered the Honour Concerns Scale and demographic questions. Results indicated a higher endorsement to social and family honor. The main correlates of honor concerns across studies were age and participants’ religious denomination. The importance of religion for honor concerns’ endorsement is discussed, as well as studies limitations and further research.

Inventário de Arnett de Busca de Sensações (AISS): testando diferentes modelos fatoriais

Resumo O estudo do traco de busca de sensacoes permite explicar diversos comportamentos de risco. Considerando sua relevância e a ausencia de medida especifica no Brasil, decidiu se adaptar o Inventario de Arnett de Busca de Sensacoes. Este e formado por 20 itens, medindo dois fatores: novidade e intensidade . Participaram da pesquisa 279 estudantes do ensino medio de escolas particulares e publicas, com idade media de 17 anos, igualmente distribuidos quanto ao sexo, provenientes de Joao Pessoa (n=108) e Teresina ( n=171). Por meio de analises fatoriais confirmatorias, testaram se quatro modelos, segundo o numero de fatores (um ou dois) e itens (12 ou 20). Os resultados mostraram que o modelo bifatorial reduzido apresentou melhores indices de ajuste. Os fatores e a pontuacao total desse instrumento apresentaram consistencia interna aceitavel, estando correlacionados com sexo e idade dos participantes. Tais resultados justificam a utilizacao dessa medida em estudos futuros. Palavras-chave : Busca de sensacao, Personalidade, Inventario, Validade, Analise fatorial. Arnett Inventory of Sensation Seeking (AISS): testing different factorial models

Valores e motivações para responder sem preconceito frente a homossexuais

This paper aimed to know the value correlates of the internal and external motivations to respond without prejudice against homosexuals. Two studies were performed. In Study 1 participated 234 people from Joao Pessoa, with an average age of 26 years. They answered the Motivations to Respond without Prejudice toward Gays Scale, the Basic Value Survey, and demographic questions. The internal motivation was correlated with suprapersonal (+) and normative (-) subfunctions, meanwhile the external motivation was correlated with existence (+) and normative (+) ones. The Study 2 involved 202 people from the same population, with an average age of 25 years. They answered the same instruments, although considering lesbians as target-group. The internal and external motivations were correlated with the subfunction normative (and +, respectively). In conclusion, the values adequately predicted the motivations to respond without prejudice toward homosexuals, being these findings discussed based on the dual model of values.

Escala de Necessidade de Pertença: Evidências de Qualidade Psicométrica

The need to belong represents a motivation of the human being to establish intense and long-term relationships, and it is an important aspect for the maintenance of people’s well-being and mental health. Considering the relevance of this construct, we sought to validate the Need to Belong Scale (NBS) for the Brazilian context in three studies (N = 642). The first and second studies aimed to present the factorial structure of this measure through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, which confirmed the expected single-factor solution (CFI = 0.96) with the elimination of three items from the original version. The third study sought to present evidence of convergent validity of the NBS, confirming the significant association of this construct with measures of a similar nature (e. g., emotional loneliness). In conclusion, this measure showed to be psychometrically adequate for use in Brazil.

Need to Belong Scale: Evidences of Psychometric Quality

The need to belong represents a motivation of the human being to establish intense and long-term relationships, and it is an important aspect for the maintenance of people’s well-being and mental health. Considering the relevance of this construct, we sought to validate the Need to Belong Scale (NBS) for the Brazilian context in three studies (N = 642). The first and second studies aimed to present the factorial structure of this measure through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, which confirmed the expected single-factor solution (CFI = 0.96) with the elimination of three items from the original version. The third study sought to present evidence of convergent validity of the NBS, confirming the significant association of this construct with measures of a similar nature (e. g., emotional loneliness). In conclusion, this measure showed to be psychometrically adequate for use in Brazil.

Necesidad de Pertenecer: Evidencias de Calidad Psicométrica

The need to belong represents a motivation of the human being to establish intense and long-term relationships, and it is an important aspect for the maintenance of people’s well-being and mental health. Considering the relevance of this construct, we sought to validate the Need to Belong Scale (NBS) for the Brazilian context in three studies (N = 642). The first and second studies aimed to present the factorial structure of this measure through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, which confirmed the expected single-factor solution (CFI = 0.96) with the elimination of three items from the original version. The third study sought to present evidence of convergent validity of the NBS, confirming the significant association of this construct with measures of a similar nature (e. g., emotional loneliness). In conclusion, this measure showed to be psychometrically adequate for use in Brazil.

Psychometric Properties of the Unidimensional Relationship Closeness Scale (URCS) for a Brazilian Sample

The present research brings psychometric evidences for the Unidimensional Relationship Closeness Scale (URCS), aiming at verifying its adequacy for use in the Brazilian context. Participants were 468 university students with mean age of 21.2 years. They completed a survey composed by the URCS, the Basic Values Survey (BSV), and demographic questions. Through Exploratory (Eigenvalue = 6.61) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFI = .937, TLI = .923), the results showed that the same one-factor structure from the original version of the scale was found. These results were also invariant across gender and relationship status (∆SRMR < .03), and presented evidences of internal consistence (α = .94), temporal stability (ICC = .903, p < .001), and convergent validity (r male = .32, r female = .25, p < .001). In conclusion, this measure has shown to be psychometrically adequate for use in Brazil.

Attitudes Scale Towards Potential Targets of Bullying: Elaboration and Evidence of Validity and Reliability

espanolEl presente articulo tuvo como objetivo describir la elaboracion de una medida de actitudes hacia potenciales victimas de bullying, reuniendo evidencias de validez factorial y consistencia interna de la Escala de Atitudes frente a Alvos Potenciais de Bullying (EAAPB) (Escala de actitudes hacia potenciales victimas de bullying). Se realizaron dos estudios con 800 estudiantes de ensenanza secundaria, con edad promedio de 15 anos, los cuales contestaron a preguntas demograficas y la EAAPB. En el Estudio 1 (n = 230) se comprobo el poder discriminativo de los items de la escala y se realizo un analisis factorial exploratorio en el que se identificaron dos componentes: apariencia y temas de genero (α = .81) y exposicion social (α = .70). En el Estudio 2 (n = 570) se realizo un analisis factorial confirmatorio (maxima verosimilitud), en el que se comprobo la estructura bifactorial de la escala: el primer factor con α = .80 y CR = .80; y el segundo con α = .65 y CR =.64. Se reunieron evidencias sobre la invariancia factorial de la escala en grupos de mujeres y hombres. Se concluye que la EAFPB es una medida parsimoniosa que presenta evidencias de validez y confiabilidad, por lo que se sugiere su uso para evaluar las actitudes hacia potenciales victimas de bullying. EnglishThe present article aimed at describing the elaboration of a measurement of attitudes towards potential targets of bullying, gathering evidence of its factorial validity and internal consistency. Two studies were performed with 800 secondary school students whose mean age was 15 years old. who answered the Attitudes Scale towards Potential Targets of Bullying (ASTPB) and some demographic questions. In Study 1 (n = 230) the discriminant power of the scale items was verified, and after performing an exploratory factor analysis two components were identified (appearance and gender issues and social exposure). with Cronbachs alpha (α) of 0.81 and 0.70, respectively. In Study 2 (n = 570) a confirmatory factor analysis was performed (Maximum Likelihood), confirming the two-factor structure of the scale (αfactor I = 0.80 and αfactor II = 0.65; CR = 0.80 and 0.64. respectively). Moreover. evidence was also gathered of factorial invariance of this measure in groups of women and men. In conclusion this is a parsimonious measurement with evidences of validity and reliability. suggesting its adequacy for use when the goal is to evaluate attitudes towards potential targets of bullying. portuguesO presente artigo objetivou descrever a elaboracao de uma medida de atitudes frente a potenciais alvos de bullying, reunindo evidencias de sua validade fatorial e consistencia interna. Realizaram-se dois estudos com estudantes secundaristas que tinham idade media de 15 anos, os quais responderam a Escala de Atitudes frente a Alvos Potenciais de Bullying (EAAPB) e perguntas demograficas. No Estudo 1 (n = 230) foi verificado o poder discriminativo dos itens desta medida e feita uma analise fatorial exploratoria, emergindo dois componentes: aparencia e questoes de genero e exposicao social, cujos alfas de Cronbach (α) foram de 0,81 e 0,70, respectivamente. No Estudo 2 (n = 570) foi realizada uma analise fatorial confirmatoria (Maxima Verossimilhanca), que corroborou a estrutura bifatorial (αfator I = 0,80 e αfator II = 0,65; CC = 0,80 e 0,64, respectivamente). Ademais, reuniram-se evidencias acerca da invariância fatorial desta escala entre mulheres e homens. Conclui-se que esta e uma medida parcimoniosa, apresentando evidencias de validade e precisao que sugerem seu emprego quando o proposito for conhecer atitudes frente a alvos potenciais de bullying.

A Dimensão Positividade do Bem-Estar: Adaptação e Evidências Psicométricas de uma Medida

This research aimed to adapt the Positivity Scale (PS) to the Brazilian context, gathering evidence of validity and reliability. Two studies were performed. Study 1 was composed of 200 people from Paraiba, with a mean age of 23.4 years old (SD = 4.53), who answered the PS and demographic questions. Results pointed to a one-factor solution in this scale, which presented satisfactory reliability (α = .85). Study 2 gathered 290 undergraduate students with a mean age of 23.9 years old (SD = 7.60), who answered the PS, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Subjective Vitality Scale and demographic questions. Confirmatory factor analyses (ML and ADF estimators) corroborated the one-factor structure, which presented an acceptable reliability (CR = .65). Furthermore, its convergent validity was confirmed based on the average variance extracted (AVE = .60) and on its correlations with satisfaction with life and vitality (p < .001). In conclusion, this measure has been shown to be psychometrically adequate for use in Brazil.