Regina Patrícia de Souza Xavier

Fibra na ração de crescimento e seus efeitos no desempenho de poedeiras nas fases de crescimento e postura

Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar os efeitos dos niveis de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) das racoes oferecidas para as aves entre a 7a e 17a semanas de idade sobre o desempenho, o desenvolvimento dos sistemas digestorio e reprodutor, bem como os efeitos na maturidade sexual, no desempenho e na qualidade dos ovos na fase de postura.Foram distribuidas 1.296 aves em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 × 2, composto de tres niveis de FDN e duas linhagens, com quatro repeticoes de 54 aves. Foram testados os niveis de 14,5; 16,5; e 18,5% de FDN em aves leves e semipesadas. Ao final da fase de crescimento, as aves foram transferidas para o galpao de postura, mantendo o mesmo delineamento, composto por 14 aves por parcela. Nao houve interacao entre os niveis de FDN e as linhagens para as variaveis avaliadas. Na fase de crescimento, o aumento do nivel de FDN reduziu o ganho de peso e o peso final, piorou a conversao alimentar e aumentou o peso dos intestinos. Na fase de postura, os niveis de FDN nao influenciaram o desempenho das aves nem os constituintes e a qualidade dos ovos. Na fase de crescimento, as aves semipesadas apresentaram maior consumo, ganho de peso e peso final, melhor conversao alimentar, peso maior da moela e menor do figado e do ovario. Na fase de postura, as aves leves foram mais precoces, apresentaram menor peso e massa de ovos, pior conversao alimentar, ovos com mais gema, menos albumen, maior densidade especifica e menores unidades Haugh. Independentemente da linhagem, o aumento do nivel de FDN em racoes para crescimento pode influenciar o desempenho das frangas, resultando em aves menos pesadas, sem influenciar a maturidade sexual, o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos na fase de postura.

Bone quality of laying hens fed different levels of fiber in the growth phase (7 to 17 weeks of age)

The effects of neutral detergent fiber levels (NDF) (145, 165, 185 g/kg) were assessed on the bone quality of light-weight and medium-weight laying hens. Eight hundred and forty laying hens were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement (two strains and three NDF levels) with four replications of 35 birds. At the end of the growth phase, birds were transferred to a laying shed in the same experimental design and each experimental plot consisted of 14 birds. For bone assessment, two birds were selected per plot in the 17th week and one bird in the 35th week for slaughter. After slaughter, drumstick and thigh (legs) were removed and after deboning of the femur and tibia, taken to measurement of their length, weight, Seedor index, resistance, deformity, dry matter, mineral residue and crude protein. The data analysis showed no significant interaction between the factors NDF level and strain for any of the variables assessed at the different phases. The NDF level in the diet did not significantly influence bone growth, quality and composition at the end of the growing and laying phases. Medium-weight birds presented larger and heavier femur and tibia, with a greater Seedor index and less deformity, ash content and protein than the light-weight birds. Resistance did not vary significantly among the strains. A diet intended for laying hens at the growth phase can contain up to 185 g/kg NDF without causing problems in bone development and quality of laying hens.

Farelo integral de arroz parboilizado submetido a armazenamento prolongado para alimentação de codornas de corte

The objective of this work was to evaluate the oxidative stability of parboiled rice bran (PRB) during storage and the effects of its use on meat quail feeding. Two hundred forty-five animals, with seven days of age, of both sexes, were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments in a 2x2+1 factorial arrangement and seven replicates of seven chicks. The following treatments were evaluated: control diet, without PRB; and inclusion levels of 10 and 20% of 180-day-storaged PRB (SPRB) or of new PRB (NPRB) in the control diet. There was lipid oxidation of PRB during storage, the acid index was 4.25 and 63.50 (% as oleic acid) and the peroxide index was 15.64 and 38.28 meq kg-1 for NPRB and SPRB, respectively. The inclusion of PRB resulted in lower dry matter and nitrogen digestibility and in higher metabolizable energy value of feed when compared to the control diet. The inclusion of 20% SPRB resulted in lower metabolizable energy of feed than the addition of NPRB. The inclusions did not influence performance, carcass traits, relative weights of the liver and pancreas, and bone growth and quality. The SPRB, although rancid, can be used as feed for meat quail at levels up to 20% inclusion.

Níveis de cloro para codornas japonesas na fase de postura

Com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de quatro niveis de cloro sobre o desempenho e a qualidade de ovos de codornas japonesas na fase de producao, 288 codornas com 17 semanas de idade foram distribuidas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos, oito repeticoes e seis aves por unidade experimental. Os niveis de cloro avaliados foram 0,07; 0,12; 0,17; 0,22; 0,27 e 0,32% e os parâmetros de desempenho e qualidade dos ovos foram: consumos de racao e agua, porcentagem de postura, peso e massa de ovos, conversao alimentar, umidade das excretas, coeficientes de digestibilidade da materia seca (CDMS), nitrogenio (CDN) e energia bruta (CDEB), energia metabolizavel aparente (EMA) e aparente corrigida (EMAn), unidade Haugh, porcentagens de albumen, gema e casca. Os niveis de cloro nao influenciaram significativamente nenhuma dessas variaveis, entretanto, a gravidade especifica aumentou linearmente com o acrescimo de cloro na racao. Pode-se recomendar que racoes para codornas japonesas na fase de producao sejam formuladas com niveis de cloro de ate 0,32%.

Farelo da castanha de caju na alimentação de poedeiras marrons

The use of alternative foods to replace conventional foods is becoming a source of research for many researchers. The cashew nut meal (CNM) has high energy and protein value, may be a partial substitute for corn and soybean meal for poultry feed. In this context, this research was conducted to evaluate the effect of inclusion of CNM on the utilization of nutrients in the ration for laying hens, as well as the performance and characteristics of the eggs. The study used 180 Dekalb Brown laying hens 27 weeks of age, distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments and five replicates of six birds. Treatments consisted of a control diet without CNM and others with the inclusion of this food at levels of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%. Upon regression analysis, a linear increase in nitrogen metabolism, crude energy and apparently metabolizable energy was seen. The dry matter digestibility and metabolizable energy corrected for rations were not affected by the inclusion of the CNM. Feed intake and egg weight were not affected by the inclusion of the CNM; however, egg production, egg mass, feed conversion, and yolk color worsened linearly with inclusion of CNM. Compared to control diet, the inclusion of CNM worsened the egg mass and feed conversion from 15%, and yolk color from 20%. As a result, it is recommended the inclusion of the CNM in the diet of laying hens at a maximum level of 10%.

Níveis de cloro da ração sobre parâmetros sanguíneos e ósseos de codornas italianas destinadas à produção de carne

We evaluated different levels of chlorine in the feed on the blood parameters and bone development of quail for meat production. 384 Italian quails were used at 1-49 days of age, distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments and eight replicates of eight birds. The treatments consisted of isonutrient diets, except for the level of chlorine, which were 0.07, 0.12, 0.17, 0.22, 0.27 and 0.32%. After 49 days, two birds were selected per plot for the collection of blood and tibia. The pH and the concentration of Na, K and Cl in the blood and the length, diameter, weight, dry matter and ash, Seedor index, breaking strength and deformity of the tibia were evaluated. The chlorine levels in the diet did not significantly influence the pH, the concentrations of Na, Cl, K blood, length, diameter, weight, Seedor index, dry matter and ash, crack resistance and deformity of the tibia. As the results, the level of chloride can range from 0.07 to 0.32%, without changing the pH and the concentrations of Na, K and Cl in the blood and without a loss in bone quality.