Renata Pires Pesce

Adaptação transcultural, confiabilidade e validade da escala de resiliência

This study describes the cross-cultural adaptation to Portuguese and the psychometric evaluation of the resilience scale developed by Wagnild & Young. The scale was adapted for a sample of students from public schools in São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data from the pilot study (203 students interviewed at two points in time) and from the entire study (977) are presented. The cross-cultural adaptation showed good results in the semantic equivalence for: general meaning (above 90.0%) and referential meaning (above 85.0%). Chronbach alpha was 0.85 in the pilot study and 0.80 in the total sample. Kappa between the two points in time was regular and moderate, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.746 (p = 0.000). Factorial analysis indicated three non-homogeneous factors. Construct validity demonstrated direct and significant correlation with self-esteem, family supervision, life satisfaction, and social support. There was an inverse correlation with the scale that evaluates psychological violence.

Situação de crianças e adolescentes brasileiros em relação à saúde mental e à violência

This article reflects about the situation of mental health and violence against Brazilian children and adolescents, proposing a discussion about the need for public health policies including these extremely relevant issues in their priority agenda. In Brazil, the debate about this problem has occurred in a fragmented and not very consistent way. This article presents a non-systematic selection of epidemiological investigations on this subject conducted in Brazilian schools and communities. The great variety and prevalence of familiar and community violence and of mental health problems is pointed out and the methodological differences between the studies and the concentration of studies in the South and Southeastern regions of the country are emphasized. The article still highlights to the scarce service network for dealing with this kind of problem and the lack of concern with the prevention of mental disorders and promotion of mental health.

Notificações de violência doméstica, sexual e outras violências contra crianças no Brasil

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o quadro de violencia domestica, sexual e outras violencias perpetradas contra criancas (0-9 anos) no Brasil no ano de 2010, baseando-se nas notificacoes de violencia domestica, sexual e outras violencias registradas no SINAN - Sistema de Informacao de Agravos de Notificacao (VIVA Continuo). Sao apresentados os numeros absolutos e relativos derivados das notificacoes sobre violencias, discriminando-se entre criancas menores de 1 ano e aquelas entre 1-9 anos, devido as especificidades existentes nessas faixas etarias. Em todo o pais, o numero de notificacoes entre menores de 10 anos e baixo (16,9%). Foram constatadas diferencas quanto a distribuicao das notificacoes por unidade da federacao. Observou-se que poucos municipios notificaram violencias ao SINAN-Net no ano de 2010 no pais. Algumas diferencas foram encontradas entre notificacoes em menores de 1 ano de idade e notificacoes de criancas entre 1-9 anos de idade, como por exemplo em relacao ao perfil da violencia, da vitima e do agressor, e o encaminhamento do caso. A qualidade da informacao das notificacoes e discutida mostrando nivel elevado de ausencia de registros em alguns campos da ficha. Falhas na informacao podem prejudicar o conhecimento mais detalhado do fenomeno, interferindo nas acoes de planejamento, organizacao e operacionalizacao dos servicos de saude no pais.

Fatores associados aos problemas de saúde mental em adolescentes

This article aims at investigating the mental health problems of school adolescents and identifying individual, social and family aspects associated with its development. It is based on an epidemical survey with 1923 students of the 7th and 8th grades of Elementary School and 1st and 2nd years of High School of public and private schools of municipality of Sao Goncalo, RJ. The scale Self-Reported Questionnaire was used to evaluate Minor Psychiatric Morbidity. Individual, social and family aspects were evaluated. Simple Logistic Regression was utilized and the odds ratio was the measure to interpret the results. Psychological violence, difficult family life events, self-esteem, satisfaction with life, sex and school competence were maintained in the final model, indicating their potential to compromise mental health. The presentation of the data can subsidize the development of public policies for the attendance of the adolescent, especially in the preventive level and in the promotion of health in the mental health area.

Cross-Cultural adaptation of the General Functioning Scale of the Family

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the General Functioning Scale of the Family, a subscale of the McMaster Family Assessment Device, for the Brazilian population. METHODS The General Functioning Scale of the Family was translated into Portuguese and administered to 500 guardians of children in the second grade of elementary school in public schools of Sao Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil. The types of equivalences investigated were: conceptual and of items, semantic, operational, and measurement. The study involved discussions with experts, translations and back-translations of the instrument, and psychometric assessment. Reliability and validity studies were carried out by internal consistency testing (Cronbach’s alpha), Guttman split-half correlation model, Pearson correlation coefficient, and confirmatory factor analysis. Associations between General Functioning of the Family and variables theoretically associated with the theme (father’s or mother’s drunkenness and violence between parents) were estimated by odds ratio. RESULTS Semantic equivalence was between 90.0% and 100%. Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.79 to 0.81, indicating good internal consistency of the instrument. Pearson correlation coefficient ranged between 0.303 and 0.549. Statistical association was found between the general functioning of the family score and the theoretically related variables, as well as good fit quality of the confirmatory analysis model. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate the feasibility of administering the instrument to the Brazilian population, as it is easy to understand and a good measurement of the construct of interest.