Telmara Menezes Couto

Abortamento induzido: vivência de mulheres baianas

Abortion is a serious public health problem that involves legal, economic, social and psychological issues. This qualitative study aimed to identify situations that interfere in the abortion decision and the feelings about the process of aborting. The study was conducted in a public maternity hospital in the city of Salvador (Northeastern Brazil), and the subjects were nine women hospitalized due to induced abortion. To collect data, we used the interview accompanied by a semi-structured form. Ethical aspects were considered based on Resolution 196/96 of the National Health Council. For the analysis of the discourses, we used Bardins content analysis technique. The sample was characterized by predominantly black adult women, married or in a stable union, financially dependent on the partner. In the analysis, two themes emerged: motivation and feelings. Among the reasons leading to abortion, there are financial difficulties, the number of children, the experience of domestic violence and the loss of their autonomy. The process of aborting generates fear of death, sadness and relief. Women experiencing induced abortion revealed a very painful process from the moment they discover the pregnancy until the difficult decision to interrupt it. When they are not helped, these women perpetuate the pain, living days of anguish and guilt. The exercise of listening and welcoming these women must be present in the lives of health professionals, regardless of their views on abortion, so that the women can express their feelings, and then get appropriate help and referral.

Trajetória de mulheres em situação de aborto provocado no discurso sobre clandestinidade

Objective: To analyze the trajectory of women that performed a provoked abortion related to a clandestine procedure. Methods: This is a qualitative methodological approach through the Collective Subject Discourse obtained in a public maternity hospital in city of Salvador, state of Bahia, between July and September of 2008, with 17 women hospitalized for abortion; the research was carried out with semistructured interviews. Results: The synthesis of central ideas indicated that several players participated in the history of illegal abortion: laymen, professionals and friends of women; the abortion means ranged from the use of misoprostol to traditional and risky procedures, for example the insertion of probes. Women paid a high “price” for those procedures. Conclusion: The maintenance of the abortion as an illegality procedure favors gains obtained with the abortive maneuvers which results in increasing costs of health services with the complications provoked by those procedures.

Situations which precipitate conflicts in the conjugal relationship: the women's discourse

This study aimed to analyze the situations that precipitate and/or intensify conflicts in the conjugal relationship. Interviews were held with 19 women experiencing conjugal violence. The Discourse of the Collective Subject was used as the method of organization, making it possible to find the central ideas, and gender was used as the analytical framework. Summary: the women report the mans control and domination of the woman, jealousy, the male partners infidelity, unplanned fatherhood and motherhood, and the use of alcohol and drugs. These situations are related to the construction of the conjugal violence and/or the womans remaining in the relationship, with preventive actions being essential so as to avoid this phenomenon and its repercussions on the health of the woman and the family. The work of the professional nurse is indispensable in the programs for harm prevention and for the promotion and assistance of the health of women and families, through social and health service means and facilities existing in the community.This study aimed to analyze the situations that precipitate and/or intensify conflicts in the conjugal relationship. Interviews were held with 19 women experiencing conjugal violence. The Discourse of the Collective Subject was used as the method of organization, making it possible to find the central ideas, and gender was used as the analytical framework. Summary: the women report the mans control and domination of the woman, jealousy, the male partners infidelity, unplanned fatherhood and motherhood, and the use of alcohol and drugs. These situations are related to the construction of the conjugal violence and/or the womans remaining in the relationship, with preventive actions being essential so as to avoid this phenomenon and its repercussions on the health of the woman and the family. The work of the professional nurse is indispensable in the programs for harm prevention and for the promotion and assistance of the health of women and families, through social and health service means and facilities existing in the community. DESCRIPTORS: Violence against women. Family relationships. Familial conflict. Gender violence. Nursing.

Representations about suicide of women with history of domestic violence and suicide attempt

Suicide attempt is characterized by complex and multifaceted phenomena with significance on global public health. The aim of this study was to grasp the structure of social representations of suicide of women with history of domestic violence and suicide attempt. The study was developed with a qualitative approach, based on the Theory of Social Representations. There were 30 women that responded the Free Word Association Test, all of them with history of domestic violence and suicide attempt by poisoning. Data were processed through the EVOC software and the results were grouped into three categories: core elements, intermediate elements and peripheral elements. The representation of women about suicide is related to life histories characterized by rejection and lack of love, which leads to disease, especially because of depression. The feeling of powerlessness in face of the need for change and release produce emotional problems that culminate in the decision of committing suicide. DESCRIPTORS: Domestic violence. Suicide. Attempted suicide. Nursing.

RELAÇÕES FAMILIARES NO CONTEXTO DA VIOLÊNCIA DE GÊNERO

el articulo objetiva analizar las representaciones sociales en las relaciones familiares en el contexto de la violencia de genero. Esta investigacion cualitativa, se baso en la Teoria de las Representaciones Sociales realizada con 19 familiares de mujeres en situacion de violencia de genero, inscritos en unidades de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia de Jequie, Bahia. La colecta ocurrio se llevo a cabo a traves entrevista semiestructurada entre abril y setiembre de 2014 y la organizacion de los datos siguio la tecnica de analisis de contenido. Las representaciones sociales de los familiares mostraron la violencia de genero como crimen y anoto la necesidad de acciones que minimicen su ocurrencia. Tambien senalaron que la violencia de genero genera padecimiento de los familiares y es restringida al espacio privado de la casa, favoreciendo el silencio. Urge la adecuacion de la formacion en salud y educacion y de los servicios asistenciales de la red de violencia, observando las politicas publicas en el enfrentamiento de la violencia de genero.

Repercussions of imprisonment for conjugal violence: discourses of men

1 Artículo parte de la disertación de maestría “Repercussões da violência conjugal para a saúde de homens”, presentada en la Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil. Apoyo financiero de la Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (FAPESB), Brasil, proceso no 6897/2013. 2 MSc, Profesor, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Santo Antônio de Jesus, BA, Brasil. 3 PhD, Profesor Asociado, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil. 4 Estudiante de doctorado, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil. 5 PhD, Profesor Adjunto, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil. 6 Estudiante de Maestría, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil. 7 PhD, Profesor, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil. Objetivo: conocer las repercusiones de prisión, por violencia conyugal, en los hombres. Métodos: estudio cualitativo con 20 hombres que fueron presos y responden por caso criminal de violencia conyugal, en una Juzgado de Violencia Doméstica y Familiar contra la Mujer. Las entrevistas fueron categorizadas con base en el método del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo, con auxilio del software NVIVO®. Resultados: el discurso colectivo revela que la vivencia de prisión preventiva desencadena desagregación familiar, estigma social, dificultades financieras y sintomatología de carácter psicoemocional, como fobia, depresión, hipertensión y cefalea. Conclusión: delante de las repercusiones físicas, mentales y sociales, de experimentar la prisión como consecuencia de violencia conyugal, es urgente examinar el proceso de somatización de esa experiencia, de la misma manera que encontrar estrategias de prevención de ese fenómeno.ABSTRACT Objective: to know the consequences that men experience related to incarceration by conjugal violence. Methods: qualitative study on 20 men in jail and indicted in criminal processes related to conjugal violence in a Court specialized in Family and Domestic Violence against women. The interviews were classified based on Collective Subject Discourse method, using NVIVO(r) software. Results: the collective discourse shows that the experience of preventive imprisonment starts a process of family dismantling, social stigma, financial hardship and psycho-emotional symptoms such as phobia, depression, hypertension, and headaches. Conclusion: due to the physical, mental and social consequences of the conjugal violence-related imprisonment experience, it is urgent to look carefully into the somatization process as well as to the prevention strategies regarding this process.

Situações que precipitam conflitos na relação conjugal: o discurso de mulheres

This study aimed to analyze the situations that precipitate and/or intensify conflicts in the conjugal relationship. Interviews were held with 19 women experiencing conjugal violence. The Discourse of the Collective Subject was used as the method of organization, making it possible to find the central ideas, and gender was used as the analytical framework. Summary: the women report the mans control and domination of the woman, jealousy, the male partners infidelity, unplanned fatherhood and motherhood, and the use of alcohol and drugs. These situations are related to the construction of the conjugal violence and/or the womans remaining in the relationship, with preventive actions being essential so as to avoid this phenomenon and its repercussions on the health of the woman and the family. The work of the professional nurse is indispensable in the programs for harm prevention and for the promotion and assistance of the health of women and families, through social and health service means and facilities existing in the community.This study aimed to analyze the situations that precipitate and/or intensify conflicts in the conjugal relationship. Interviews were held with 19 women experiencing conjugal violence. The Discourse of the Collective Subject was used as the method of organization, making it possible to find the central ideas, and gender was used as the analytical framework. Summary: the women report the mans control and domination of the woman, jealousy, the male partners infidelity, unplanned fatherhood and motherhood, and the use of alcohol and drugs. These situations are related to the construction of the conjugal violence and/or the womans remaining in the relationship, with preventive actions being essential so as to avoid this phenomenon and its repercussions on the health of the woman and the family. The work of the professional nurse is indispensable in the programs for harm prevention and for the promotion and assistance of the health of women and families, through social and health service means and facilities existing in the community. DESCRIPTORS: Violence against women. Family relationships. Familial conflict. Gender violence. Nursing.

SURVIVING SEXUAL ABUSE IN EVERYDAY LIFE: FORMS OF RESISTANCE USED BY CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

Objetivo: aprender formas de resistencia utilizadas por ninos y adolescentes en un cotidiano familiar de abuso sexual. Metodo: investigacion cualitativa desarrollada en un Centro de Atendimiento a la Mujer en Situacion de Violencia en el Semiarido de Pernambuco, con datos recolectados entre junio y noviembre de 2014, por medio de entrevista con nueve mujeres. El proceso de analisis se fundamento en nociones de la Sociologia Comprensiva y del Cotidiano, con datos organizados por afinidad, interpretados y categorizados. Resultados: emergieron las categorias: ritualizacion del abuso sexual de ninos y adolescentes en el cotidiano familiar: aceptacion de la vida por la pasividad; camuflajes para sobrevivir a lo vivido sobre el abuso sexual: silencio, astucia y doble juego, y, entre lo oculto y la revelacion del abuso sexual. Puede percibirse que los episodios de abuso ocurrian en secreto y bajo la amenaza de los abusadores a traves de gestos o palabras intimidantes. Las victimas no entraban en confrontacion con ellos y para llamar la atencion o pedir auxilio usaban artimanas como metaforas, risas y palabras ironicas, ademas de despistarlos con disculpas, escondiendose, fingiendo dormir o escapandose para la calle. Conclusion: la centralidad subterranea presente en el abuso sexual desencadeno formas de resistencia en oposicion a la opresion generada por el abusador en que, para la aceptacion de la vida, las participantes desarrollaron diferentes mecanismos de sobrevivencia, ademas de encontrar en el trabajo voluntario, musica y deporte, los respiraderos para aliviar el peso generado por la ocultacion del abuso.

SEXUAL ABUSE IN CHILDHOOD AND ITS REPERCUSSIONS IN ADULT LIFE

Objective: to understand the repercussions of sexual abuse in the adult life of women who were sexually abused in childhood. Method: qualitative research, developed through unstructured interviews with nine women in a Reference Center for Women, in the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The interpretation of the results was based on the approach of Comprehensive Sociology and Daily Life in order to identify the underground centrality submerged in the daily life of the participants and which could emerge through their reactions from the experience of sexual abuse. Results: after interpretation, the results were grouped into the categories: Family life after the revelation of sexual abuse; The daily life of girls experiencing sexual abuse; and Repercussions of sexual abuse in the adult life of sexually abused women in childhood. The repercussions of sexual abuse were described as difficulties in family life, pregnancy, hypersexual behavior, prostitution, gender and sex contradiction, difficulties to have orgasm, drug use, low self-esteem, depression, self-destructive behavior, suicidal ideation and homicide. Conclusion: exposure to sexual abuse in the family context has impaired the physical and emotional health of girls and adolescents, as well as family coexistence, pointing to the need to adopt sensitivity and solidarity in the care of women with complaints that may be associated with experiences of sexual abuse. DESCRIPTORS: Adult survivors of child abuse. Sexual child abuse, sexual. Violence against women. Child. Family relationships. Activities od daily living. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-07072017000080016Objetivo: compreender repercussoes do abuso sexual na vida adulta de mulheres abusadas sexualmente na infância. Metodo: pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida com nove mulheres em um Centro de Referencia da Mulher, na regiao do semiarido do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil, atraves de entrevistas nao estruturadas. A interpretacao dos resultados foi fundamentada na abordagem da Sociologia Compreensiva e do Cotidiano, a fim de identificar a centralidade subterrânea submersa na vida cotidiana das participantes e que pudesse emergir por meio de suas reacoes a partir do vivido do abuso sexual. Resultados: apos a interpretacao, os resultados foram agrupados nas categorias: Convivencia familiar apos a revelacao do abuso sexual; A vida cotidiana de meninas em vivencia de abuso sexual; e Repercussoes do abuso sexual na vida adulta de mulheres abusadas sexualmente na infância. As repercussoes do abuso sexual foram descritas como dificuldades no convivio familiar, gravidez, conduta hipersexualizada, prostituicao, contradicao entre genero e sexo, dificuldades para ter orgasmo, uso de drogas, baixa autoestima, depressao, comportamento autodestrutivo, ideias suicidas e homicidas. Conclusao: a exposicao ao abuso sexual no contexto familiar prejudicou a saude fisica e emocional de meninas e adolescentes, bem como a convivencia familiar, apontando para a necessidade de adocao de sensibilidade e solidariedade no cuidado a mulheres com queixas que possam estar associadas a vivencias de abuso sexual.

RELACIONES FAMILIARES EN EL CONTEXTO DE LA VIOLENCIA DE GÉNERO

el articulo objetiva analizar las representaciones sociales en las relaciones familiares en el contexto de la violencia de genero. Esta investigacion cualitativa, se baso en la Teoria de las Representaciones Sociales realizada con 19 familiares de mujeres en situacion de violencia de genero, inscritos en unidades de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia de Jequie, Bahia. La colecta ocurrio se llevo a cabo a traves entrevista semiestructurada entre abril y setiembre de 2014 y la organizacion de los datos siguio la tecnica de analisis de contenido. Las representaciones sociales de los familiares mostraron la violencia de genero como crimen y anoto la necesidad de acciones que minimicen su ocurrencia. Tambien senalaron que la violencia de genero genera padecimiento de los familiares y es restringida al espacio privado de la casa, favoreciendo el silencio. Urge la adecuacion de la formacion en salud y educacion y de los servicios asistenciales de la red de violencia, observando las politicas publicas en el enfrentamiento de la violencia de genero.