Normélia Maria Freire Diniz

Violência conjugal: vivências expressas em discursos masculinos

Tendo como objeto a vivencia de violencia na relacao conjugal, este estudo descritivo, de abordagem quali-quantitativa, teve como objetivo identificar a violencia conjugal no discurso masculino. A populacao foi composta por 50 homens residentes na comunidade do Calafate, em San Martin, bairro localizado em Salvador/Ba. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se entrevista com formulario semi-estruturado. A amostra caracterizou-se por homens, na faixa etaria entre 20 a 40 anos (74,0%); convivendo conjugalmente (98,0%). Com relacao a violencia conjugal, o indice encontrado foi de 80%. Quanto as formas de violencia, destacam-se a violencia emocional e a violencia fisica.

Eu digo não, ela diz sim: a violência conjugal no discurso masculino

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la violencia entre los conyuges desde la representacion masculina. Metodologicamente se elegio un abordaje cualitativo, teniendo como referencia la Teoria de las Representaciones Sociales. Participaron de la investigacion diez hombres adultos (25-46 anos) que viven en la Comunidad del Calafate, barrio de San Martin, Salvador-BA, los cuales tuvieran una relacion, como minimo, 2 anos. Para la toma de datos se utilizo la entrevista semiestructurada. Como resultados, observamos que los sometidos se apoyan, directamente, en el proceso de socializacion del hombre y de la mujer, para determinar el modo de ser marido y mujer en la relacion, en una perspectiva asimetrica y jerarquizada, donde las referencias de masculinidad definidas por la sociedad, asi como la inadecuacion de la mujer a su rol social, son senalados como una explicacion para la ocurrencia de violencia en la relacion.This study aims to analize the violence between couples from the mans point of view. We adopted a qualitative methodology approach having as reference the Social Representation Theory. Ten adult men took part in the survey. They live in the Calafate community, in San Martin, Salvador-BA and had a relationship for at least 2 years. In order to collect the data, a semi-estructured interview was used. As a result, it was observed that the respondents agree directly with the process of men and womens socialization in order to define the way husband and wife behave in a relationship. This is an asymetric and hierarchical perspective, where the masculine tendencies are defined by the society, as well as the womens undefined social role. These two motives are pointed out as the explanation for the violence between couples.

Women victims of sexual violence: adherence to chemoprevention of HIV

This study aimed to investigate the adherence of women victims of sexual violence, to AIDS chemoprevention treatment. A quantitative study was carried out at a care service to victims of sexual violence in Salvador (Bahia, Brazil). Study participants were 172 women. Data were collected through interviews with forms and consultation of patient files. The results showed that 45.4% of the abused women were teenagers and 40.7% of the attended women were raped. Only 54% of the women were advised to use antiretrovirals to prevent HIV. Adherence to treatment occurred in 57.4% of cases and discontinuity corresponded to 42.6%. Non-adherence to treatment was attributed to psychological or emotional disorders and non-understanding of the established treatment. Therefore, it is important that professionals pay careful attention in order to perceive the conditions that might increase womens vulnerability to the infection.This study aimed to investigate the adherence of women victims of sexual violence, to AIDS chemoprevention treatment. A quantitative study was carried out at a care service to victims of sexual violence in Salvador (Bahia, Brazil). Study participants were 172 women. Data were collected through interviews with forms and consultation of patient files. The results showed that 45.4% of the abused women were teenagers and 40.7% of the attended women were raped. Only 54% of the women were advised to use antiretrovirals to prevent HIV. Adherence to treatment occurred in 57.4% of cases and discontinuity corresponded to 42.6%. Non-adherence to treatment was attributed to psychological or emotional disorders and non-understanding of the established treatment. Therefore, it is important that professionals pay careful attention in order to perceive the conditions that might increase womens vulnerability to the infection.

Aborto provocado: o discurso das mulheres sobre suas relações familiares

Induced Abortion and domestic violence against women are considered to be public health issues for the physical and mental health consequences they invoke. The objective of this study was to analyze the speech of women who experienced abortion concerning their family relationships. The subjects of the research were 17 women hospitalized in a public maternity in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, for induced abortion. The data was collected between July and September 2008 through semi-structured interviews, organized from the Collective Speech of the Subject. The central ideas that emerged from their speeches show that the decision to abort was derived from the women’s history of violence lived with their partners and relatives, besides the abandonment resulting from the discovery of their pregnancy. Nursing needs to understand the social context in which women who abort are inserted so that practices can be restructured. DESCRIPTORS: Abortion. Violence. Nursery. EL ABORTO INDUCIDO: EL DISCURSO DE LAS MUJERES SOBRE SUS RELACIONES FAMILIARES RESUMEN: El aborto inducido y la violencia domestica contra las mujeres se consideran problemas de salud publica por las consecuencias a la salud fisica y mental que afectan a las mismas. El objetivo fue analizar el discurso de las mujeres que han experimentado el aborto en sus relaciones familiares. Los sujetos del estudio fueron diecisiete mujeres ingresadas en una maternidad publica en Salvador, Bahia (Brasil), por causa del aborto inducido. La recoleccion de datos se realizo entre julio y septiembre de 2008, por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, organizadas a partir del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Las ideas centrales que surgieron de los discursos muestran que la decision del aborto se deriva de la historia de violencia vivida con sus companeros y familiares, y del abandono cuando el embarazo fue descubierto. La Enfermeria necesita entender el contexto social en el cual viven las mujeres que abortan, a fin de reformular sus practicas. DESCRIPTORES: Aborto. Violencia. Enfermeria. 742El aborto inducido y la violencia domestica contra las mujeres se consideran problemas de salud publica por las consecuencias a la salud fisica y mental que afectan a las mismas. El objetivo fue analizar el discurso de las mujeres que han experimentado el aborto en sus relaciones familiares. Los sujetos del estudio fueron diecisiete mujeres ingresadas en una maternidad publica en Salvador, Bahia (Brasil), por causa del aborto inducido. La recoleccion de datos se realizo entre julio y septiembre de 2008, por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, organizadas a partir del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Las ideas centrales que surgieron de los discursos muestran que la decision del aborto se deriva de la historia de violencia vivida con sus companeros y familiares, y del abandono cuando el embarazo fue descubierto. La Enfermeria necesita entender el contexto social en el cual viven las mujeres que abortan, a fin de reformular sus practicas.

Assistência à mulher em processo de abortamento provocado: discurso de profissionais de enfermagem

Objective: To analyze the statements of nursing professionals regarding healthcare provided to women in process of induced abortion. Methods: Case study with qualitative approach, performed at a public maternity hospital in Salvador – BA; data were obtained with the focus group technique, using content analysis. Results: The nursing team professionals perceive abortion as a crime, a sin, and healthcare as discriminatory. The woman’s right to speech is denied, with silence being observed along the abortion process. Conclusion: The absence of dialogue at the healthcare services makes the possibility of humanized care delivery more distant, turning the implantation of healthcare humanization policies for women in the process of induced abortion a challenge.ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the statements of nursing professionals regarding healthcare provided to women in process of induced abortion. Methods: Case study with qualitative approach, performed at a public maternity hospital in Salvador Œ BA; data were obtained with thefocus group technique, using content analysis. Results: The nursing team professionals perceive abortion as a crime, a sin, and healthcare asdiscriminatory. The woman™s right to speech is denied, with silence being observed along the abortion process. Conclusion : The absence ofdialogue at the healthcare services makes the possibility of humanized care delivery more distant, turning the implantation of healthcarehumanization policies for women in the process of induced abortion a challenge. Keywords : Abortion; Abortion, criminal; Nurses care; Women™s health RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o discurso de profissionais de enfermagem com relacao a assistŒncia prestada as mulheres em processo de abortamentoprovocado. MOtodos:

Mulheres vítimas de violência sexual: adesão à quimioprofilaxia do HIV

This study aimed to investigate the adherence of women victims of sexual violence, to AIDS chemoprevention treatment. A quantitative study was carried out at a care service to victims of sexual violence in Salvador (Bahia, Brazil). Study participants were 172 women. Data were collected through interviews with forms and consultation of patient files. The results showed that 45.4% of the abused women were teenagers and 40.7% of the attended women were raped. Only 54% of the women were advised to use antiretrovirals to prevent HIV. Adherence to treatment occurred in 57.4% of cases and discontinuity corresponded to 42.6%. Non-adherence to treatment was attributed to psychological or emotional disorders and non-understanding of the established treatment. Therefore, it is important that professionals pay careful attention in order to perceive the conditions that might increase womens vulnerability to the infection.This study aimed to investigate the adherence of women victims of sexual violence, to AIDS chemoprevention treatment. A quantitative study was carried out at a care service to victims of sexual violence in Salvador (Bahia, Brazil). Study participants were 172 women. Data were collected through interviews with forms and consultation of patient files. The results showed that 45.4% of the abused women were teenagers and 40.7% of the attended women were raped. Only 54% of the women were advised to use antiretrovirals to prevent HIV. Adherence to treatment occurred in 57.4% of cases and discontinuity corresponded to 42.6%. Non-adherence to treatment was attributed to psychological or emotional disorders and non-understanding of the established treatment. Therefore, it is important that professionals pay careful attention in order to perceive the conditions that might increase womens vulnerability to the infection.

Males unveiling the different forms of conjugal violence

OBJETIVOS: Identificar as formas de desvelamento da violencia a partir do discurso de um grupo de homens que praticam atos violentos contra suas companheiras. METODOS: Estudo de abordagem qualitativa. Foram entrevistados sete homens que violentavam suas companheiras, residentes na periferia de Salvador-BA. As falas dos sujeitos foram analisadas por meio da analise de conteudo. RESULTADOS: O estudo mostrou que os homens entrevistados vivenciam a violencia conjugal, a qual se desvela sob as formas psicologica, sexual, moral e fisica. CONCLUSAO: O relacionamento conjugal e marcado por uma relacao assimetrica entre homens e mulheres, de modo que, ao sentir que seu poder esta sendo ameacado, o homem utiliza alguns meios para controlar suas companheiras, lancando mao, inclusive, da violencia fisica. Faz-se necessaria a implementacao de politicas publicas que garantam intervencoes junto a homens e mulheres que conduzam uns e outros a compreensao da construcao social da identidade de genero.OBJETIVOS: Identificar las formas de develamiento de la violencia a partir del discurso de un grupo de hombres que practican actos violentos contra sus companeras. METODOS: Se trata de un estudio de abordaje cualitativo. Fueron entrevistados siete hombres que cometian actos violentos contra sus companeras, residentes en la periferie de Salvador-BA. Las narrativas de los sujetos fueron analizadas por medio del analisis de contenido. RESULTADOS: El estudio mostro que los hombres entrevistados vivencian la violencia conyugal, la cual se devela bajo las formas psicologica, sexual, moral y fisica. CONCLUSION: El relacionamiento conyugal esta marcado por una relacion asimetrica entre hombres y mujeres, de modo que, al sentir que su poder esta siendo amenazado, el hombre utiliza algunos medios para controlar a sus companeras, haciendo uso, inclusive, de la violencia fisica. Se hace necesaria la implementacion de politicas publicas que garanticen intervenciones junto a hombres y mujeres que conduzcan a unos y otros a la comprension de la construccion social de la identidad de genero.

Identificação da violência na relação conjugal a partir da Estratégia Saúde da Família

This qualitative studys objective was to analyze the process of identification of conjugal violence by professionals from the Family Health Strategy in Sao Francisco do Conde/Salvador, Bahia. Interviews were held with 22 professionals (doctors, nurses, social workers and dentists) and, after analysis of the data, the following categories emerged: (Non)identification of conjugal violence in the Family Health Team; Perception of the violence being restricted to physical aggression; The scale and complexity of the conjugal violence; and Breaking the silence in the Family Health Team. The study showed that identification of conjugal violence occurs during professional assistance. Failure to identify the phenomenon is related to the curriculums which do not cover domestic violence as a health object. This points to the importance of a listening and trusting relationship in the process of identifying this threat to health. It is necessary to adopt strategies for confronting the problem, along with better preparation of professionals, which would give greater visibility to the issue. DESCRIPTORS: Violence against women. Womens health. Family health. Nursing.This qualitative studys objective was to analyze the process of identification of conjugal violence by professionals from the Family Health Strategy in Sao Francisco do Conde/Salvador, Bahia. Interviews were held with 22 professionals (doctors, nurses, social workers and dentists) and, after analysis of the data, the following categories emerged: (Non-) identification of conjugal violence in the Family Health Team; Perception of the violence being restricted to physical aggression; The scale and complexity of the conjugal violence; and Breaking the silence in the Family Health Team. The study showed that identification of conjugal violence occurs during professional assistance. Failure to identify the phenomenon is related to the curriculums which do not cover domestic violence as a health object. This points to the importance of a listening and trusting relationship in the process of identifying this threat to health. It is necessary to adopt strategies for confronting the problem, along with better preparation of professionals, which would give greater visibility to the issue. DESCRIPTORS: Violence against women. Womens health. Family health. Nursing.This qualitative study’s objective was to analyze the process of identification of conjugal violence by professionals from the Family Health Strategy in São Francisco do Conde/Salvador, Bahia. Interviews were held with 22 professionals (doctors, nurses, social workers and dentists) and, after analysis of the data, the following categories emerged: (Non)identification of conjugal violence in the Family Health Team; Perception of the violence being restricted to physical aggression; The scale and complexity of the conjugal violence; and Breaking the silence in the Family Health Team. The study showed that identification of conjugal violence occurs during professional assistance. Failure to identify the phenomenon is related to the curriculums which do not cover domestic violence as a health object. This points to the importance of a listening and trusting relationship in the process of identifying this threat to health. It is necessary to adopt strategies for confronting the problem, along with better preparation of professionals, which would give greater visibility to the issue. DESCRIPTORS: Violence against women. Women’s health. Family health. Nursing. IDENTIFICAÇÃO DA VIOLÊNCIA NA RELAÇÃO CONJUGAL A PARTIR DA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA RESUMO: Estudo qualitativo cujo objetivo foi analisar o processo de identificação da violência conjugal por profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família de São Francisco do Conde/Salvador-BA. Entrevistaram-se 22 profissionais (médicos, enfermeiros, assistentes sociais e cirurgiões-dentistas) e após análise dos dados emergiram as categorias: (Não)identificação da violência conjugal na Equipe de saúde da Família; Percepção da violência restrita à agressão física; Magnitude e complexidade da violência conjugal; e Quebrando o silêncio na Equipe de Saúde da Família. O estudo mostrou que a identificação da violência conjugal se dá durante o atendimento profissional. A não identificação do fenômeno guarda relação com os currículos que ainda não contemplam a violência doméstica como objeto da saúde. Pontua-se para a importância da relação de confiança e da escuta no processo de identificação do agravo. Torna-se necessário melhor preparo profissional, o que possibilitará maior visibilidade da problemática e a adoção de estratégias de enfrentamento. DESCRITORES: Violência contra a mulher. Saúde da mulher. Saúde da família. Enfermagem. IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA VIOLENCIA CONYUGAL A PARTIR DE LA ESTRATEGIA DE SALUD FAMILIAR RESUMEN: Investigacion cualitativa con el objetivo de analizar el proceso de identificacion de la violencia conyugal por los profesionales que trabajan en la Estrategia de la Salud Familiar. Se entrevistaron 22 profesionales (doctores, enfermeros, trabajadores sociales y dentistas) de São Francisco do Conde/Salvador, Bahia. A partir del análisis de datos surgieron las siguientes categorías: (No)identificación de la violencia conyugal en la Estrategia de la Salud Familiar, Percepción de violencia se limita a la agresión física, Magnitud y complejidad de la violencia conyugal; y Rompiendo el silencio em Estrategia de la Salud Familiar. El estudio mostró que la identificación de la violencia conyugal se da durante la atención profesional. La no identificación del problema guarda relación con los currículos que aún no contemplan las violencia familiar como objeto de salud. Se resalta la importancia de la relación de confianza y de escucha en el proceso de identificación del agravio. Se hace necesario un mejor preparo profesional, lo que permitirá una mayor visibilidad del problema y la adopción de estrategias de afrontamiento. DESCRIPTORES: Violencia contra la mujer. Salud de la mujer. Salud de la familia. Enfermería. 789

Aborto provocado e violência doméstica entre mulheres atendidas em uma maternidade pública de Salvador-BA

Quantitative study in order to study domestic violence in women with induced abortion. Interviews were conducted with 147 women hospitalized for induced abortion in a public maternity hospital in Salvador, Bahia. The subjects are characterized by mostly women, black, poorly educated, economically dependent on spouses, experienced psychological abuse, physical and sexual abuse committed by their spouses. Almost half of the women were victims of domestic violence during the current pregnancy, and that was the reason for inducing abortion for 67% of them. The study reveals an association between experience of domestic violence and induced abortion. As mental health consequences, they developed symptoms of post trauma stress disorder. It is necessary that the health professionals consider the cues to identify domestic violence as a health problem associated with induced abortion, which requires a transformation on the training model, including domestic violence as a health issue.Estudio cuantitativo, que tuvo como objetivo estudiar la violencia domestica en mujeres con aborto inducido. Se realizaron entrevistas con 147 mujeres internadas por aborto inducido en una maternidad publica de Salvador-BA. Los sujetos se caracterizaran por ser, en su mayoria mujeres jovenes, negras, con un bajo nivel educativo, dependientes economicamente de los conyugues, con experiencia de abusos psicologicos, fisicos y sexuales cometidos por los conyuges. Casi la mitad de las mujeres fueron victimas de violencia domestica durante el embarazo actual, siendo este el motivo de aborto para 67% de ellas. El estudio revelo una asociacion entre la experiencia de violencia domestica y el aborto inducido, con consecuencias para la salud mental de las mujeres, que desarrollan sintomas de trastorno de estrese post traumatico. Es necesaria una mirada por parte de los profesionales de la salud para identificar la violencia domestica como un problema de salud asociado con el aborto inducido, lo que requiere una transformacion del modelo de formacion, que incorpore la violencia domestica como un tema de salud.

Trajetória de mulheres em situação de aborto provocado no discurso sobre clandestinidade

Objective: To analyze the trajectory of women that performed a provoked abortion related to a clandestine procedure. Methods: This is a qualitative methodological approach through the Collective Subject Discourse obtained in a public maternity hospital in city of Salvador, state of Bahia, between July and September of 2008, with 17 women hospitalized for abortion; the research was carried out with semistructured interviews. Results: The synthesis of central ideas indicated that several players participated in the history of illegal abortion: laymen, professionals and friends of women; the abortion means ranged from the use of misoprostol to traditional and risky procedures, for example the insertion of probes. Women paid a high “price” for those procedures. Conclusion: The maintenance of the abortion as an illegality procedure favors gains obtained with the abortive maneuvers which results in increasing costs of health services with the complications provoked by those procedures.