Walter Belik

Perspectivas para segurança alimentar e nutricional no Brasil

This paper makes an assessment on the concept of Food Safety demonstrating how its definition establishes limits and priorities for the social policies. Considering that it is the duty of the state to guarantee the access of all the citizens to enough quality food on a regular basic this article presents the design of the Zero Hunger Program adopted by the Brazilian government in 2003. Regarding this objective this paper detail the metodology used to evaluate the Brazilian population at risk and depicts each action that is being currently undertaken by the program. Finally, conclusions on the subject are presented

O programa nacional de alimentação escolar e a gestão municipal: eficiência administrativa, controle social e desenvolvimento local

OBJETIVE: The objective was to assess the municipal public management profile of the National School Meal Program in 670 municipalities enrolled in the Efficient Manager of School Meals Prize between 2004 and 2005. METHODS: This study was based on the enrollment of municipalities throughout Brazil in the Efficient Manager of School Meals Prize, organized by the non-governmental organization Acao Fome Zero (Zero Hunger Action). Enrollment is voluntary and the municipalities supply information regarding the financial aspects and ways to administer the Program, purchase of produce, participation in the School Food Council and other activities associated with the National School Meal Program. The non-governmental organization then checks the data by comparing it with official reports done during visits. RESULTS: The National School Meal Program is mainly administered in a centralized manner as declared by more than 80% of the city halls enrolled during those two years. Most of the municipalities enrolled in 2004 (90.1%) and 2005 (84.0%) added funds to those received from the federal government. The average cost of the meal was R

Regional Market Strategies of Supermarkets and Food Processors in Extended MERCOSUR

0.31 for the municipalities enrolled in 2004 and R

A Heterogeneidade e suas Implicações para as Políticas Públicas no Rural Brasileiro

0.34 for those enrolled in 2005. Regarding produce purchase, 26.1% of the city halls enrolled in 2004 and 30.4% of those enrolled in 2005 declared having bought straight from producers. CONCLUSION: Each Brazilian municipality has its own way of carrying out the National School Meal Program. Identifying the profile of the public administration as well as the city halls that performed well in the Prize allows for the implementation of actions that improve the execution of the Program.

Políticas territoriais e desigualdades no meio rural brasileiro

This article examines regional actions among supermarket chains and food manufacturers (second–stage processors) in the extended MERCOSUR. It highlights the emergence of ‘regional multinationals’ operating in this market, which compete and sometimes co–operate with ‘global multinationals’. The harmonisation of customs regimes, the reduction of trade barriers such as tariffs and quotas, and the deregulation of foreign direct investment, have allowed multinationals — regional or global — to step up their regional activities. They increasingly undertake regional marketing strategies, are increasing their investment in the region’s markets, and are causing new regional procurement systems to emerge.

Food insecurity in countries with low development: new trends

This article is a fast review on the heterogeneity of Brazilian agriculture debate. It was demonstrated that this is a historically verified condition in our rural areas and can be found in other agricultural sectors, more technical or more labor intensive. Beyond the heterogeneity, public policy must turn its attention to reducing inequalities that have their causes related to differential access to factors of production and the low capacity of the producers to obtain net gains from their holdings. It is recommended the adoption of simple actions related to technical assistance, extension, credit to produce and trade.

Os desafios para a reestruturação do complexo agroindustrial canavieiro do Centro-Sul

Inequalities between regions make intervention actions be implemented differently. The Working Group for the Development of the Brazilian Northeast (GTDN) was a milestone of a project to reduce regional disparities. Nevertheless, the loss of state power by crises occasioned by the high debt and the neoliberal ideals have changed the character of the intervention in regional planning. Considering the aggravation of many problems concerning the regional inequality, the military created the National Policy for Regional Development (PNDR) with the aim of reducing regional inequalities and the territorial programs as Territories of Citizenship for rural and low economic dynamics. This article intends to assess how public policies can play in order to reduce disparities between regions and social groups, with emphasis on territorial development program called Territories of Citizenship. The link between social actors and the different spheres of government is the main focus of territorial programs and increasingly the territory becomes a mechanism to define public policy actions, i.e., the territory is not understood only as a geographical space but also as a space of articulation. In addition, this policy seeks to interact the rural and urban, both in the incentives for productive activities as the provision of social benefits, and also constitutional and infrastructure services. The participation is increasingly the part of the speech, however, there is a need for a joint action gathering local and national development projects aiming to reduce regional disparities.

Abastecimento e segurança alimentar: os limites da liberalizaçäo

Este estudo descritivo coletou informacoes sociodemograficas, obstetricas e relacionadas ao diagnostico e tratamento da gestante/puerpera e parceiro das 67 gestantes/puerperas notificadas no Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificacao, usuarias de maternidades publicas do Distrito Federal, Brasil, entre 2009 e 2010. As informacoes do acompanhamento clinico e laboratorial recebido pela crianca vieram do prontuario medico hospitalar, fichas de notificacao compulsoria e Cartao da Crianca. Das gestantes, 41,8% foram adequadamente tratadas, o principal motivo para a inadequacao foi a ausencia (83,6%) ou inadequacao do tratamento do parceiro (88,1%). Mais de um terco necessitou de novo tratamento na maternidade por falta de documentacao terapeutica no pre-natal. Dos recem-nascidos com sifilis congenita, 48% fizeram estudo radiografico, 42% passaram por puncao liquorica e 36% deles nao receberam qualquer tipo de intervencao. Nota-se, assim, que a qualidade do pre-natal recebido pela gestante nao e suficiente para garantir o controle da sifilis congenita e o alcance da meta de incidencia da doenca.This descriptive study collected socio-demographic, obstetric, and diagnostic and treatment-related data from pregnant and postpartum women and their partners, for the 67 pregnant or postpartum women reported with syphilis to the National System of Diseases of Notification, users of public maternity hospitals in the Federal District of Brazil from 2009 to 2010. Data on clinical and laboratory follow-up of the newborn were obtained from the hospital patient charts, compulsory notification forms, and Infant Health Cards. Of the pregnant women, 41.8% were adequately treated; the main reason for inadequate treatment was the absence (83.6%) or inadequate treatment of the partner (88.1%). More than a third required repeat treatment at the maternity hospital due to lack of documentation of treatment during the prenatal period. Of the newborns diagnosed with congenital syphilis, 48% received radiographic investigation, 42% received a spinal tap, and 36% failed to receive any kind of intervention. Thus, the quality of prenatal care was insufficient to guarantee the control of congenital syphilis and achieve the goal of reducing incidence of the disease.