Zenite Machado

Excesso de peso e obesidade em escolares: associação com fatores biopsicológicos, socioeconômicos e comportamentais

OBJECTIVE To verify the association between the behavioral, biopsychological, and socioeconomic factors in overweight and obese students. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The sample involved 393 students from state and private schools in Florianópolis/SC, mean age of 9.9 ± 1.7, with 41% male subjects. A questionnaire adapted from Oliveira e cols. was applied in the interview; anthropometric information (body mass and height) was used to calculate the BMI, and individuals were classified in overweight and obese according to Conde and Monteiro. RESULTS As for the distribution of obesity and overweight by gender, girls showed a similar degree, while among boys, overweight individuals represented 77% of the sample. There were associations between female gender, economic status, ethnicity, school, and type of food with p ranging from < 0.001 to 0.003. CONCLUSION It was found that the behavioral, biopsychological, and socioeconomic factors seem to interfere with overweight and obesity in students of Florianópolis.

Qualidade de vida e estresse ocupacional em estudantes de medicina

The medical internship can lead to occupational stress, which affects the physical and mental health of students and may affect their quality of life. The cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the quality of life and occupational stress in medicine students enrolled in the final year of medical internship. The convenience sample consisted of 302 students with a mean age of 25.3 ± 2.4 years from public and private universities of Santa Catarina, which responded to a self-administered questionnaire. Through descriptive and inferential statistics, it was found that the average score for quality of life of those students was much higher than the average score of occupational stress, and 80% of women had high scores (80.7%) in the social domain of quality of life. In the analysis of occupational stress, the stress level was higher in men (43.7%), concerning the control demand (authority over decisions) with 6.1%, with no significant difference in scores for quality of life and occupational stress among the sexes. In conclusion, the students achieved a very high score for quality of life, although they are subjected to high levels of stress.

The effect of Pilates method on elderly flexibility

Introduction Pilates as physical exercise practice brings countless benefits, such as improvement of motor aptitudes and skills.Objective To look into the effect of the Pilates method on the hip and shoulder girdle flexibility levels in the elderly.Methods Experimental study composed of 30 elderly subjects of the control group and 30 of the Pilates group within a 12 week training time. A form was used to characterize the sample and to assess hip flexibility and shoulder girdle. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used, under a significance level of p < 0.05.Results On hip flexibility, the 30 elderly individuals from the control group remained under normal and inferior classification, not presenting any differences between the variables (p = 0.180) from the pretest to the retest. In the intervention group, 60% of the elderly subjects were assessed as normal. In the retest, such percentage increased to 66.7%. In the pretest, 10% of the elderly subjects were given the superior classification, and in the retest, it increased to 33%, not presenting significance between the variables (p = 0.180). On shoulder flexibility in the intervention group, 63% of the elderly subjects were graded as normal, and 17% as superior. In the shoulder retest the number of elderly individuals decreased to 47% in the normal classification, and increased to 33% in the superior classification, presenting a significant difference (p = 0.001).Conclusion The elderly subjects who did not take part into the Pilates method presented a lower flexibility degree, considering that, the latter reduces in aging. As a preventive way of improving such limitation, the practice of the Pilates method is suggested.

Percepção da qualidade de vida e da finitude de adultos de meia idade e idoso praticantes e não praticantes de atividade física

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the influence of physical activity on perceived quality of life (QOL) and finitude of individuals practicing and non-practicing physical activity and dance in the dance halls of Florianopolis city, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. METHODS: Participants were 195 individuals for convenience with a mean age of 63.7 ± 9.6 years, 119 of the dance halls, 50 physically active (AF), and 26 who did not perform AF. We opted for a self-administered questionnaire composed of previously validated instruments (abbreviated Whoqol and Finitude by Sheppard). The analysis was descriptive and inferential through Chi square test and ANOVA. RESULTS: The quality of life can be considered positive with scores ranging from 70.3 to 58.9% between their domains, having a positive perception of finitude, in which the group performs dance (79.8%) stood out in relation to the others (p = 0.035). CONCLUSION: According to the results, it is understood that the practice of dance as AF can contribute to the positive perception of QOL and finitude.

CONTEXTO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO E A PERCEPÇÃO ESPACIAL DE CRIANÇAS

Structural changes in social contexts where children participate may influence the development of spatial perception. The aim of this children’s was to investigate the contexts of development and spatial perception of children’s, based on the Bioecological theory of Bronfenbrenner. The questionnaire of Machado (2008) was applied in 60 students. The results showed the preference for leisure place is related to physical structure, security, lack of autonomy of children, transportation and places frequented by parents. The spatial perception of children is related to places frequented by them as home, school and the neighborhood.

FLEXIBILIDADE DE CARDIOPATAS PRATICANTES E NÃO PRATICANTES DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA

Objective: To investigate the level of flexibility of cardiopaths practitioners and non practitioners of Physical Activity (PA). Materials and Methods: It was made of 63 cardiopaths of both genders within the average of 64±9,63 years of age practitioners of PA from the Cardiology Nucleus (CN) of the Health Science Centre CEFID/UDESC, and non PA practitioners of the University Hospital (UH) of the Federal University of Santa Catarina. A questionnaire and a flexibility test were used (RIKLI, JONES, 1999). Results: The PA practitioner cardiopaths obtained normal index in the hip flexibility test (52%), whereas the non PA practitioners showed a bad index (56%). In the shoulder flexibility test, 39% of the PA practitioner cardiopaths reached normal index, the non PA practitioners presented bad index (81%), obtaining significant difference in this test (p less than 0,05) both genders. Conclusion: It was observed that the PA practitioner Cardiopaths presenting coronary heart disease had normal index in both the hip and shoulder flexibility tests and significant result in the comparison between gender and level of shoulder flexibility of PA practitioners and non practitioners. DESCRIPTORS Elderly. Coronary Disease. Pliability. Motor Activity.

Trainability and reversibility in physical fitness among elderly persons taking part in an intervention program

Objective To assess the trainability and reversibility of variables of physical fitness in elderly participants in Active Living Functional Gymnastics. Method This ex post facto study was composed of 115 elderly women from six functional fitness groups in the Active Living Program in Florianopolis. The Rikli and Jones battery of tests (Chair Stand Test, Arm Curl Test, Chair Sit and Reach Test, Back Scratch Test, 8-Foot Up and Go Test, 6 Minute Walk Test) was used. The intervention period lasted for eight months, and the detraining period took three months. Descriptive and inferential statistics with paired Student t-test and Scheffe post hoc was used. Results The performance of the age groups differed in agility and aerobic capacity; Trainability was identified in the strength and resistance variables of the lower and upper limbs, and the flexibility of the lower limbs; Detraining was perceived in the strength and resistance of upper limbs, and aerobic capacity. Conclusion A Functional Gymnastics program produces positive effects on the strength and resistance of the lower and upper limbs, and flexibility of the lower limbs in elderly women. An interruption period lasting three months results in detraining in strength and resistance of the lower limbs and aerobic capacity.

FATORES ASSOCIADOS À PRÁTICA DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA EM HOMENS DE MEIA-IDADE

Introducao: O aumento dos niveis de atividade fisica (AF) tem sido importante para uma vida saudavel, e identificar os fatores que se associam a essa pratica pode incentivar a adocao de um estilo de vida ativo. Objetivo: Analisar os fatores associados a pratica de AF atual em homens de meia-idade. Metodos: Estudo transversal com amostra probabilistica de 416 homens de meia-idade (40 a 59 anos) em duas cidades no sul do Brasil. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se um questionario dividido em seis partes: caracteristicas da amostra; medidas antropometricas; estrato economico - IBGE; AF - IPAQ-versao curta; percepcao de saude - BRFSS; e sintomas do envelhecimento masculino - escala dos sintomas do envelhecimento masculino (AMS). A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos etarios: 40 a 49 e 50 a 59 anos. A analise estatistica foi descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: Aproximadamente 60,2% dos homens foram considerados suficientemente ativos (ativos + muito ativos), entretanto, nao foram observadas diferencas significativas entre as faixas etarias (p = 0,152). A caminhada foi a AF mais prevalente e a atividade vigorosa, a menos prevalente. As intensidades da AF (caminhada moderada e vigorosa) se relacionaram com a escolaridade, classe economica, percepcao de saude e sintomas do envelhecimento masculino. Os homens acima do peso e com sintomas apresentaram probabilidade maior (RP = 1,12; IC 95% = 1,01-1,24; RP = 1,30; IC 95% = 1,00-1,69) de ter AF insuficiente. Conclusao: O presente estudo identificou a relacao de determinadas caracteristicas pessoais dos participantes com a intensidade da AF praticada. Alem disso, foi possivel identificar associacao entre sintomas do envelhecimento masculino e condicoes de peso e o nivel de AF dos homens de meia-idade. Assim, estes resultados podem atuar como insumo a promocao da AF para homens nessa faixa etaria, como forma a melhorar o estilo de vida e os cuidados com a saude.

Prevalência de atividade física em mulheres

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of physical activity (PA) in women from Florianopolis–SC. Methods: Quantitative cross-sectional study conducted from 2012 to 2013 with 400 women aged 20-59 years in the urban area of the city of Florianopolis. A selfadministered questionnaire containing data on demographics, weight and height was used. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was applied. ANOVA was used to compare physical activity variables and the chi-squared test was used to compare the levels of physical activity (insufficiently active, active and very active). Significance level was set at 5% (p<0.05). Results: Approximately 58-76% of the women were considered sufficiently active, with a prevalence of moderate physical activity in all age groups, particularly at age 46-59 years (74 min/d). In all, 58.7% (n=232) of the women live with their partners, 81.8% (n=327) have a higher education degree, 74.5% (n=298) belong to socioeconomic class B, 46.8% (n=187) do not have children, and 74% (n=296) have normal weight. However, such variables do not seem to influence the practice of PA. Conclusion: The great number of very active women is highlighted and moderate physical activity is the most prevalent in all age groups. Therefore, they meet the recommendations for physical activity established by health agencies. doi: 10.5020/18061230.2014.p533

Factors associated to usual physical activity in women

INTRODUCCION: los estudios han sido dirigidos a investigar la prevalencia de actividad fisica AF en diferentes poblaciones.OBJETIVO: Analizar los factores asociados con la practica habitual de actividad fisica en las mujeres de regiones de Santa Catarina, Brasil.METODOS: este estudio transversal obtuvo muestra de 2750 mujeres con edad promedio de 32,97 ± 10,9 anos. La AF se evaluo mediante el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Fisica IPAQ. La muestra fue dividida en seis grupos: Region Sur; Valle de Itajai; Region Norte; Region Occidental; Region Montanosa y Gran Florianopolis. El analisis estadistico fue descriptivo e inferencial.RESULTADOS: aproximadamente el 68,3% de las mujeres se consideraron suficientemente activas activa + muy activa, destacando la region de la Gran Florianopolis, SC, Brasil. En la practica de actividad moderada y moderada + vigorosa, las mujeres de la Region Occidental presentaron los promedios mas altos 65 ± 64; 105 ±102 min./dia, respectivamente, y las de 20 a 32 anos tenian 61% de probabilidad de ser consideradas activas en comparacion con las mujeres de 46 a 59 anos. En cuanto el indice de masa corporal IMC, las mujeres con peso normal de las Region Sur y del Valle de Itajai, presentaron 2,24 IC del 95%; 1,15-4,35 y 1,76 IC del 95%; 1,14-2,73 veces mas probabilidades de ser activas en comparacion con las mujeres con sobrepeso.CONCLUSION: las mujeres en las regiones de Santa Catarina se consideraron suficientemente activas. La actividad fisica moderada + vigorosa fue la mas prevaleciente en las seis regiones estudiadas.