Daniel R. Monintja

PRIORITAS STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN GIOB YANG BERKELANJUTAN DI KAYOA, HALMAHERA SELATAN

Perikanan giob di Kayoa, dikhususkan untuk mengeksploitasi ikan julung-julung. Kegiatan eksplotasi dilakukan sangat intensif dan hingga saat ini belum ada upaya pengelolaan. Penelitian bertujuan menentukan prioritas strategi pengelolaan perikanan giob yang berkelanjutan dan menyusun konsep implementasi dari strategi pengelolaan perikanan giob terpilih. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode wawancara dan pengisian kuisoner. Analisis data menggunakan metode AHP (Analisis Hierarki Proses). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prioritas strategi pengelolaan perikanan giob yang berkelanjutan di Kayoa, Halmahera Selatan yaitu pengawasan terhadap eksploitasi sumberdaya ikan julung julung. Konsep implementasi dari strategi prioritas pengawasan adalah pengaturan waktu penangkapan, pengawasan terhadap penangkapan ilegal, pengawasan terhadap pengolahan hasil tangkapan, pengawasan terhadap jaringan pemasaran, dan sosialisasi tentang pentingya Pendapatan Asli Daerah. Perlu dibentuk daerah perlindungan laut di Kayoa, Halmahera Selatan sehingga dapat memantau kegiatan pemanfaatan dan pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan julung-julung sebagai target tangkapan utama alat tangkap giob. Giob fisheries in Kayoa is specialized to exploitat halfbeak fish. This activitiy is undertaken intensively and no management effort until now. The research objective were to determine the priority of management strategies for sustainable giob fisheries and to formulate the implementation of the selected management strategy for giob fisheries. Data was collected by using interviews and questionnaires. The data analysis used AHP (Analysis of Hierarchy Process). The result showes that the priority of management strategices for sustainable giob fisheries in Kayoa, South Halmahera, was the supervision of exploitation of halfbeak resources. The implementation concepts of monitoring the priority strategy are: setting the fishing time, supervisie the illegal fishing, supervisie the catch processing, supervisie the marketing network, and socialize the impotance of region income. It is necessary to develop a local marine sanctuary in Kayoa, South Halmahera which is in charge of overseeing the utilization and management of halfbeak fish resources as the main target of giob.

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN TALAUD

This paper is discussing the continuation of previous research result in Talaud Island Regency that analyzed the loss due to illegal fishing activities in the area. Simulation result shows that if there is no illegal fishing, fisheries economic potential in Talaud is estimated to be in about IDR 7 billion or even might reach IDR 10 billion, but if this illegal fishing activities increased with acceleration, then in in the coming year-20th that potential will be negative. This means an economic loss of Talaud Regency. By means of a SWOT analysis, at least three main strategies are obtained those are as follows: increasing local budget alocation for marine and fisheries sectors, fisheries bussiness cooperation between Indonesia and Filiphina to eliminate illegal fishing practices and empowerment of the local community.

PENDEKATAN BIONOMI PADA PELUANG PENGEMBANGAN PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN TALAUD

The research is aimed to reveal opportunity development of the capture fisheries in Talaud Islands Regency by using bionomy approach with Gordon-Schaefer model (Fauzy, 2005) con-cerning the dominant of illegal fishing activities around the area. The research was started by co-llected some secondary data on fish production and number of fishing units. Primary data were collected on catch composition and types of fishing gear. Gordon-Schaefer methods was applied to evaluate the tuna and skipjack resources in the area. The troll and pole and line are indicated as the dominant fishing gears used to catch the skipjack and tuna. In case of open access condition, the production will end up to 25,09 tons, while the resource rent will be end up to zero. For the development, simulations were exercised in 3 scenarios: 1) scenario of enhancing domestic fleet, 2) scenario of illegal fishing, and 3) scenario of net surplus. With those scenarios, if the illegal fishing could be eliminated, the capture fisheries in this regency could render economic value to 10 billion rupiah.

Management of Small Pelagic Fishery Based on Environment Carrying Capacity

One of the potency for development of Sangihe Islands is sea and the availability of fish resources which is relatively high, both in terms of quantity and diversity. One of the fish types with high quantity in this area are pelagic fish group. This research aims to analyze the management of small pelagic fishing in order to maintain its sustainability. The research result indicate that the average sustainable production of the small pelagic for 20 years (1988-2007) observation was 3,128.45 tons/year. Depreciation value has reduced the rents value received by fishermen. With the method of the present value, the revenues from the market at discount rate of 15% should be Rp 274.97 billion. However, due to depreciation, the amount received just Rp 118.59 billion only. For the optimal and sustainable fisheries management, the effort level for small pelagic capture should be 5,342 trips/year at discount rate of 15%. To maintain the sustainability, the level should be lowered down around 46% from the present level in small pelagic management.

KAPASITAS PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI TELUK TOMINI WILAYAH PERAIRAN SELATAN GORONTALO

Fishing capacity diartikan sebagai kemampuan input perikanan (unit kapal) yang digunakan dalam memproduksi output (hasil tangkapan), yang diukur dengan unit penangkapan atau produksi alat tangkap lain. Secara sederhana, fishing capacity adalah kemampuan unit kapal perikanan (dengan segala aspeknya) untuk menangkap ikan. Tentu saja kemampuan ini akan bergantung pada volume stok sumberdaya ikan yang ditangkap (baik musiman maupun tahunan) dan kemampuan alat tangkap ikan itu sendiri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan analisis efisiensi teknis dan kapasitas perikanan tangkap antar tahun; antar jenis armada penangkapan dan antar armada pukat cincin. Lokasi penelitian di perairan bagian selatan gorontalo dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan data analysis envelopment (DEA). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perkembangan perikanan tangkap selama 20 tahun sejak tahun 1986 – 2005 di wilayah Perairan Selatan Gorontalo pada tahun 1995, 2003 dan 2005 merupakan tahun yang paling efisien dibandingkan dengan tahun-tahun yang lain sehingga tahun-tahun ini dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar dalam pengalokasian jumlah upaya dan hasil tangkapan,untuk alat tangkap yang paling efisien adalah pukat cincin dan pancing sedangkan jaring insang merupakan jenis alat tangkap yang tidak efisien, sekitar 11 kapal yang memiliki tingkat efisiensi sama dengan 1. Untuk mencapai tingkat efisiensi dari masing-masing kapal pukat cincin maka perlu melakukan pengurangan jumlah input berupa mengurangi ukuran GT kapal sebesar 27,97%, mengurangi lama waktu penangkapan ikan sebesar 29,49%, mengurangi jumlah trip/bulan sebesar 26,87% dan mengurangi biaya operasional sebesar 15,67% Kata Kunci : Kapasitas Perikanan, Efisiensi, Kemampuan, Pukat Cincin, Pancing