E.H. Birgel Junior

Valores de referência do eritrograma de bovinos da raça Jersey criados no Estado de São Paulo

In order to determine erythrogram reference values for Jersey cattle raised in Sao Paulo State, Brazil, and the influence of bovine of leukosis virus (BLV), 253 BLV-negative blood samples were obtained from clinically healthy females. Samples were collected with EDTA and submitted to erythrocyte counting (Neubauer chamber; Gower diluent), determination of the packed cell volume (microhematocrit), evaluation of hemoglobin content (cyanmethemoglobin) and calculation of MCV (mean capsular volume), MCH (mean capsular hemoglobin) and MCHC (mean capsular hemoglobin concentration). Results showed influence of age on the erythrogram values. The number of erythrocytes and packed cell volume were significantly higher in younger animals, while the hemoglobin content did not vary with age. The reference values for erythrocyte counts were respectively, 6.62±1.47 cells ´ 106/mm3; 31.6±3.5% e 10.45±1.29g/dl. The mean results for the absolute erythrocytic indexes increased with age, the reference values of MCV, MCH and MCHC were, respectively, 49,18±8.28mm3, 16.37±3,37pg e 33.14±2.57%

Aspectos clínicos da artrite-encefalite dos caprinos

In a clinical survey of caprine arthritis-encephalitis in 14 naturally infected herds in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, 17.1% (64/374) of seroreagents presented the articular form of the disease and 6.6% (17/249) of the seroreagent females presented the mammary form of the disease.

Possibility of vertical transmission of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus in neonate kids

Estudou-se a capacidade do virus da artrite-encefalite dos caprinos (CAEV) infectar o feto ou o cabrito neonato pela via de transmissao transplacentaria ou no momento do parto. Foram utilizados 26 cabritos recem-nascidos, filhos de cabras sororreagentes aos antigenos do CAEV e que nasceram de partos eutocicos. Na pesquisa de anticorpos sericos anti-CAEV, foi utilizada a tecnica de imunodifusao em gel de agar. Nenhum cabrito nasceu sororreagente aos antigenos do virus, indicando que a possibilidade de transmissao vertical transplacentaria da infeccao foi menor do que 3,8% (< 1:26).

Valores de referência da atividade enzimática da aspartato-aminotransferase e da gama-glutamiltransferase em bovinos da raça Jersey. Influência dos fatores etários, sexuais e da infecção pelo vírus da leucose dos bovinos

With the purpose of having the reference values established for the biochemical parameters which evaluate the hepatic function through the determination of the enzymatic activities of the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) of Jersey breed, raised in the Sao Paulo State, as well as, to evaluate the influence of age factors, sexual factors and of the infection by the bovine leukosis virus on the biochemical parameters mentioned, samples of blood sera from 170 animals were collected and examined, being 106 females and 17 males, clinically healthy and non-reagents to the glycoproteic antigen of the bovine leukosis virus capsule, and 47 sororeagent cows to the above mentioned virus. The reference patterns to the Jersey breed were established for aspatate aminotransferase enzymes (33.91±10.99U/l) and for gama-glutamiltransferase enzyme (13.21±12.72U/l). The seric activities of AST and GGT also had influence of age factors. The seric rates of AST raised with the age, the minimal value was observed in calves until three months age (26.39±22.17U/l) and maximal value was obseved in cows with age between 48 and 72 months (38.60±11.24U/l). GGT seric rates was higher for until three months age female calves (31.15±38.70U/l) than in older animals (between 8.70±2.40U/l and 14.24±10.37U/l). The evaluation of sexual factors influence and infection by Bovine Leukosis Virus on AST and GGT seric enzimatic activity had not showed the influence of these factors on the values found in this research.

Influência da gestação e do puerpério no lipidograma de bovinos da raça Holandesa

ABSTRACT In order to establish the influence of gestation and puerperium on the lipid profile of Holstein cattle, the concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), β -hydroxibutyrate ( β -HBO), and glucose were determined in samples of serum and plasma from 80 animals distributed into five experimental groups (G): G1 – 16 non pregnant females; G2 – 18 females in the initial phase of gestation, up to three months; G3 – 15 pregnant females, with gestation from three to six months; G4 – 15 females in the last stage of gestation, from six to nine months; G5 – 16 females soon after delivering, up to 30 days in puerperium. The lipid profile of healthy Holstein cows was influenced by gestation. The concentration of NEFA was higher in the last trimester of gestation while the serum concentration of β -HBO was higher in the first trimester of gestation. In the first 30 days after delivering, the concentrations of NEFA and β -HBO were higher, while those of triglycerides were lower when compared to those of cows during gestation. Keywords: bovine, lipid profile, gestation, Holstein

Influência da retenção dos anexos fetais no hemograma de fêmeas bovinas da raça Holandesa

Hematological profiles of 177 blood samples from Holstein cows were determined during the first 90 days after parturition. Blood samples were collected from cows that were non-reactive to the bovine leukosis virus (GP 51) antigen. The animals were divided into two groups (group I: physiological puerperium and group II: puerperim with retained fetal membranes), and subdivided into four groups, based on the time that the samples were collected. During the first 10 days after parturition, retained fetal membranes did not influence the erythrogram. However, with the evolution of the puerperium period, a mild anemia was observed from the 10th to the 30th day postpartum in cows with retained fetal membranes. The leukocyte profile was predominantly lymphocytic, characterized by leucopenia induced by neutropenia with a left degenerative shift and eosinopenia. From the 10th day postpartum, the retained fetal membranes did not influence the leukogram.

Detecção de corpos estranhos metálicos por meio de ferroscopia em rebanho bovino de leite de alta produção

The presence of foreign metallic bodies through abdominal metal detector examination in high yielding dairy cattle (> 9,000 kg milk/lactation) under free-stall and TMR-feeding with a mixer wagon was evaluated. The occurrence of foreign metallic bodies in the years 2005 and 2006 was, respectively, 83.67% and 51.52%, with a maximum of amperage measured during examination of 9.36 ± 7.54 µA in 49 cows in 2005 equal to 6.44 ± 7.54 µA in 66 cows in 2006. A total of 44% (33/75) of the cows presented the foreign body in the reticulum (between the fifth and seventh intercostal space) and 56% (42/75) in the rumen. The presence of foreign metallic bodies in most of the animals of the examined herd, after exclusion of other possible causes, was due to failures in the maintenance of the mixer wagon.

Teores de cloretos, lactose e índice cloretos/lactose na secreção láctea de bovinos da raça Jersey no primeiro mês da lactação

In order to assess the influence of the colostral period on chloride and lactose levels and on the chloride/lactose ratio, 419 milk samples from 127 Jersey cows were analyzed. The samples were collected from healthy udders that did not present any bacterial growth in the microbiological examination. Cows were distributed into eight groups as follows: 0 ┤1/2 day; 1/2 ┤1 day; 1 ┤2 days; 2 ┤3 days; 3 ┤5 days; 5 ┤7 days; 7 ┤15 days; 15 ┤30 days of lactation. The samples were collected before milking to analyze the levels of chloride by colorimetric titration, lactose by infrared radiation, and to determine the chloride/lactose ratio. In the first 24 hours after partition, there was an abrupt reduction in chloride levels as well in chloride/ lactose ratio, associated with an increase in lactose levels. It was observed that the transition of the secretion from colostrum to milk, regarding chloride and lactose levels and chloride/lactose ratio occurred during the first week of lactation: from the 3rd day of lactation for chloride and chloride/lactose ratio and from 4th for the lactose levels. It is recommended the use the following thresholds as normal ranges for the first 24 hours of lactation: chloride 3.94g/dL, and chloride/lactose ratio 4.03g/dL and chloride/lactose ratio <3.54.