Edison Schalch

Concentrações plasmáticas de progesterona em borregas lanadas e deslanadas no período de abril a novembro, no Estado de São Paulo

Objetivou-se com este trabalho o fornecimento de informacoes sobre o padrao de secrecao da progesterona (P4) e as caracteristicas de manifestacao do ciclo estral em borregas lanadas e deslanadas, durante o periodo de abril a novembro, no Estado de Sao Paulo. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas da veia jugular de 12 borregas das racas Santa Ines (SI), Romney Marsh (RM) e Suffolk (SU), e as concentracoes foram determinadas pelo metodo de radioimunoensaio utilizando-se kits comerciais. O estro foi detectado por machos vasectomizados (impregnados com tinta po xadrez + oleo comestivel na regiao peitoral) em 31 borregas (10 SI, 11 RM e 10 SU). O estro foi determinado pelo confronto da observacao de femeas marcadas pelos machos vasectomizados e dos valores de concentracoes plasmaticas de progesterona inferiores a 1 ng/mL. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos ciclos estrais foi de duracao normal (14 - 19 dias) para todas as racas. A duracao dos ciclos de duracao normal das borregas SU foi inferior aos das borregas SI e RM, as quais nao diferiram entre si. Nao houve diferenca entre as racas na duracao dos ciclos curtos (< 14 dias) e longos (20 - 26 dias). O padrao de secrecao de P4 mostrou a presenca de ciclos estrais multiplos (27 - 57 dias) indicando a incidencia de ovulacoes silenciosas. As borregas SI encontravam-se em atividade ciclica reprodutiva apresentando valores que variaram de 0,08 a 7,36 ng/mL, enquanto que as racas RM e SU encontravam-se em atividade somente no periodo de abril a julho com valores que variaram de 0,13 a 7,05 ng/mL e de 0,15 a 7,30 ng/mL, respectivamente. De agosto a novembro, estas duas racas encontravam-se em anestro. Conclui-se que, em Sao Paulo, a raca SI nao possui estacionalidade no ciclo reprodutivo como as racas RM e SU.

Substituição do milho em grão moído pela polpa cítrica na desmama precoce de bezerros leiteiros

The present study was carried out to study the substitution of the ground corn grain by the dried citrus pulp in the starter diet of 28 Holstein calves in an early weaning system. The experimental design was in completely randomized blocks, with the blocks formed in accordance to the arrival order of the animals. The animals were slaughter at the end of the experiment. The experiment consisted on four treatments: 0, 15, 30 and 45% of citrus pulp in the diet, in substitution of the ground corn grain. The calves received the colostrum for three days in the original farm. Besides the concentrate, the calves received four liters of whole milk in the first month, divided in two meal, and three liters in the second month. The concentrate was fed ad libitum fed to the calves from the fourth life day. All calves were kept in individual houses. The evaluated parameters were: average daily gain, dry matter intake, feed:gain ratio, increases of the withers height and of the heart girth, volume and weight of the stomach compartments, development of rumen papillas, number of protozoa, pH and incidence of diarrhea. There was no significant difference among treatments. The dried citrus pulp can substitute the ground corn grain in the diet of early weaned calves, with good results.

Efeitos da administração de monensina por meio de cápsulas de liberação controlada no desempenho de vacas Holandesas no início da lactação

The objective was to study the effect of the monensin on milk yield and milk composition, somatic cell count, body condition score, serum parameters and reproductive aspects high producing Holstein cows in early lactation. Fourty-four cows with daily milk yield of the 33.44 ± 4.93 liter of milk were assigned to a completely randomized design with two treatments: control (C) and other with controlled released monesin capsule with eficacy of 100 days (300 mg/cow/day). The individual administration of the monensin capsule was made 30 day before the probable calving time. Monensin did not affect the milk yield and milk composition, somatic cell count, body condition score and glucose and BHBA (beta-hidroxibutirate) concentration in the cow blood serum. However, decreased concentration of NEFA (Non esterified fatty acid) in blood serum of cow with 60 days in milk. Service period and number of services per conception was not affected by treatments, however, the administration monensin decreased the number of the cows that showed retained placenta and laminitis. The administration monensin for high producing Holstein cows in early lactation did not change the milk production and composition. However, decrease the concentration of NEFA 60 days post calving and the incidence of laminitis and retained placenta in the post calving cows.