Eliane Pinheiro de Sousa

Desempenho do setor florestal para a economia brasileira: uma abordagem da matriz insumo-produto

The present work objectives to analyze the performance of the forest sector for the Brazilian economy, with reference to the year 2005. The input-output matrix model was used to estimate sector multipliers, Rasmussen-Hirschman linkage indexes and linkage pure indexes. The results showed that the forest sector was important for the socio-economic development of Brazil, in 2005, since it contributed to the credit of the Brazilian trade balance, given its participation in the value of the exports for production unit. Besides, the relevance of that sector can also be demonstrated by the alteration impacts in the final demand of the forest sector about the production, the collection of taxes, the income and jobs.

Competitividade da produção de palmito de pupunha no Espírito Santo e em São Paulo

This work aims to analyze the competitiveness of pejibaye palm heart production in Espirito Santo and Sao Paulo states by applying the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Results show that the private and social profitabilities of pejibaye palm heart production and trading were positive in both states and are higher than those obtained by traditional crops, such as soybean, and by forest products, such as natural rubber. Sao Paulo production was more profitable, being thus more competitive than Espirito Santo. However, these profitabilities could have been higher if producers were not exposed to negative effects of distorted public policies.

Eficiência técnica da agropecuária nas microrregiões brasileiras e seus determinantes

This study intends to measure the scores of technical efficiency of agriculture and cattle raising activity in the 556 Brazilian microregions and to check their determinants. In order to achieve these goals, the data envelopment analysis models (DEA) and the quantile regression were used. The data were obtained from the Agricultural and Cattle raising Census (2006) published by the Brazilian Geography and Statistics Institute - IBGE. The results of the DEA model indicated low technical efficiency in production. So far as the quantile regression model is concerned, one can observe that technical assistance, fertilization, granted credit and family labor constitute relevant factors in accounting for the differences of technical efficiency of Brazilian microregions in all amounts estimated.

Competitividade do palmito de pupunha no Brasil em diferentes sistemas de produção

This article analyzes the competitiveness of pejibaye heart of palm production in Brazil, doing one comparative study among the productive system practiced in flat areas with irrigation and in hilly areas without irrigation. For this, the policy analysis matrix (PAM) was utilized. The results showed evidence that the two production systems considered had positive profitability in domestic and international markets, demonstrating that the production of pejibaye palm of heart is competitive; however, the profits were reduced by the public policies adopted.

A PREVIDÊNCIA SOCIAL COMO DETERMINANTE DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE RENDA NO ESTADO DO CEARÁ

O artigo faz uma analise da funcionalidade previdenciaria cearense quanto a distribuicao de renda em nivel municipal no ano de 2010. Utiliza estatistica descritiva e a estimacao de um modelo econometrico de regressao linear multipla, em que a relacao entre arrecadacao e despesa previdenciaria municipal foi considerada como variavel dependente, enquanto as variaveis explicativas foram representadas pelo Produto Interno Bruto (PIB), PIB per capita, numero e proporcao de idosos na populacao. Emprega dados do Anuario Estatistico do Ceara, fornecidos pelo Instituto de Pesquisa e Estrategia Economica do Ceara (IPECE). Os resultados sinalizam que a previdencia social cearense, ao possibilitar a transferencia de renda dos municipios mais ricos para os mais pobres, constitui-se em importante mecanismo redistributivo em nivel local. Palavras-chave: Previdencia social, Ceara, regressao linear multipla.

INTEGRAÇÃO ESPACIAL DOS MERCADOS EXPORTADORES DE MEL NATURAL NO BRASIL

A analise de integracao de mercados reveste-se de importância para o desenvolvimento economico de um pais. Em face dessa relevância e do papel desempenhado pelo mel natural na economia brasileira, torna-se fundamental compreender como ocorre a integracao desse produto nos principais estados brasileiros exportadores. Neste sentido, o estudo buscou investigar o processo de integracao espacial entre os principais mercados brasileiros exportadores de mel natural: Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Piaui, Ceara e Sao Paulo. Utilizaram-se dados mensais obtidos por meio da base de dados do Ministerio de Desenvolvimento, Industria e Comercio Exterior (MDIC) para o periodo de janeiro de 2002 a julho de 2011. Para investigar as relacoes entre esses mercados, fez-se uso dos metodos empregados em series temporais, como os testes de raiz unitaria e de cointegracao de Johansen, analise do modelo vetorial de correcao de erro e teste de exogeneidade. Os resultados indicaram a presenca de cointegracao entre os mercados brasileiros exportadores de mel natural. No entanto, com base no teste sobre o coeficiente de relacionamento de longo prazo, verificou-se que a Lei do Preco Unico nao foi totalmente confirmada, ja que se rejeitou a hipotese nula de perfeita integracao espacial entre esses mercados. Ademais, o teste de exogeneidade fraca indica que o mercado de mel natural do Rio Grande do Sul atua como mercado central na formacao de precos.

Eficiencia técnica y de escala de la producción de sisal en el estado de Bahía (Brasil)

Este estudio tiene como objetivo medir los indices de eficiencia tecnica del arreglo productivo local de sisal en Bahia. Se utilizo el modelo de analisis envolvente de datos (DEA) para analizar los datos del ano 2015, obtenidos a traves de la investigacion llevada a cabo directamente con las micro, pequenas y medianas empresas. Los resultados muestran que las empresas de sisal pueden reducir los costos de entrada en un promedio de 39% en los modelos con rendimientos constantes y en 21% en los modelos con rendimientos variables, sin comprometer la produccion de sisal. Se constato tambien que la presencia de rendimientos crecientes de escala prevalece.

DESEMPENHO COMPETITIVO DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR EM SANTA CATARINA

The aim of this work is to identify the determinant factors of family farming competitiveness in municipalities of Santa Catarina (SC) through the Index of Competitive Performance of Family Farming (IDAF) and multiple regression analysis and also to check for significant differences in competitiveness of family farming between mesoregions that State through parametric tests of Levene and of t Student for unpaired data. A sample of 183 municipalities of Santa Catarina has been considered out of the total of 293 municipalities in this state. The data has been collected from Agricultural Census (2006), which is publicized in the website of Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The results indicate that family farming in municipalities of Santa Catarina is, in general, low and intermediate level of competitiveness. The regression analysis confirmed positive relationship between the annual income and the factors of competitiveness analyzed. In addition, it was found that there are significant differences in the average competitiveness of the family farming between mesoregion of Vale do Itajai and mesoregions of Florianopolis and Serrana. Therefore, it is concluded that there is great heterogeneity in municipalities of Santa Catarina in relation to the competitive performance of family farming.

CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA FEIRA AGROECOLÓGICA NO MUNICÍPIO DE VÁRZEA ALEGRE – CE: O CASO DO SÍTIO SÃO VICENTE

Este estudo objetiva caracterizar a Feira Agroecologica do Sitio Sao Vicente no municipio cearense de Varzea Alegre e verificar o efeito da feira sobre a renda obtida pelas familias participantes que comercializam seus produtos nessa feira. Para tal, foram empregados os metodos de analise tabular e descritiva e o teste t de Student para dados nao pareados. A Feira Agroecologica do Sitio Sao Vicente e um exemplo claro das iniciativas propostas na economia solidaria, que promove aos agentes envolvidos melhor qualidade de vida, inclusao social e respeito ao meio ambiente. Dentro da perspectiva agroecologica, a feira aplica metodos e tecnicas que garantem uma boa produtividade, dispensando o uso de insumos e defensivos agricolas que prejudicam a natureza. O trabalho e desenvolvido por pequenos produtores dentro da esfera da agricultura familiar, que traz para essas familias a oportunidade de melhorar a renda.

Análise de Cointegração com Threshold nos Mercados Exportadores de Mel Natural no Brasil

This study analyzes the spatial integration of exporting markets of raw honey in Brazil, taking into account the presence of transaction costs, since such costs may generate asymmetries in the relationships of prices among the markets under analysis. In order to achieve this goal, the analytical method of threshold cointegration by means of the estimation of the TAR and M-TAR models was used. The data were obtained in the Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Commerce for the period from January 2002 to July 2011. The results indicate the presence of asymmetries in the transmission of the price established in the central market, represented by Rio Grande do Sul, and the other states under consideration. In addition, negative and low magnitude shocks were excluded differently from the positive shocks. Therefore, one may conclude that the transaction costs influence the spatial interaction among the markets.