Jana Gonçalves Zappe

Violência e fragilidades nas relações familiares: refletindo sobre a situação de adolescentes em conflito com a lei

The relationship between the practice of infractional acts for adolescents and the existence of fragility in family compositions has been a special focus of studies that seek to understand the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency. This study aimed, across a multiple case study, understand how aspects of family dynamics experienced by adolescents in conflict with the law interfere in their process of psychic development and may be associated with the practice of infractional acts. We identified the presence of different forms of violence in the life course of adolescents, as well as weaknesses in family relationships in early developmental times. It discusses the importance of family inclusion in interventions with this population, addressing both the prevention of recurrence and the treatment of these cases. Language: ptViolence and weaknesses in the family relationships: reflecting about the situation of the adolescents in conflict with the law . The relationship between the practice of infractional acts for adolescents and the existence of fragility in family compositions has been a special focus of studies that seek to understand the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency. This study aimed, across a multiple case study, understand how aspects of family dynamics experienced by adolescents in conflict with the law interfere in their process of psychic development and may be associated with the practice of infractional acts. We identified the presence of different forms of violence in the life course of adolescents, as well as weaknesses in family relationships in early developmental times. It discusses the importance of family inclusion in interventions with this population, addressing both the prevention of recurrence and the treatment of these cases.

Variáveis pessoais e contextuais associadas a comportamentos de risco em adolescentes

Objetivo Este estudo investigou o engajamento de adolescentes brasileiros em comportamentos de risco (uso de substâncias, comportamento sexual de risco, comportamento antissocial e comportamento suicida), buscando identificar os fatores de risco e protecao pessoais e contextuais mais associados com esses comportamentos. Metodos Participaram 1.332 adolescentes de 12 a 19 anos (M = 15,68; DP = 1,60), de ambos os sexos. Resultados O engajamento em comportamentos de risco variou em funcao da idade e do sexo, e o uso de substâncias foi o tipo de comportamento de risco mais prevalente entre os que foram investigados. Os fatores significativamente associados a adocao desses comportamentos foram violencia intra- e extrafamiliar, ter amigos proximos ou familiares que usam drogas, eventos estressores e elevado nivel de autoeficacia; enquanto os fatores que se mostraram protetores foram elevado nivel de autoestima, expectativas positivas quanto ao futuro e percepcao de positividade nas relacoes com familia, escola, religiao e comunidade. Conclusao O estudo permitiu identificar algumas caracteristicas da manifestacao de comportamentos de risco na adolescencia, com destaque para a prevalencia mais alta do uso de substâncias e a coocorrencia de diferentes tipos de comportamentos de risco. Dentre os fatores de risco mais associados com o engajamento em comportamentos de risco, destacaram-se a presenca de eventos estressores ao longo da vida e a proximidade com amigos que usam drogas. A partir disso, sugere-se investir na minimizacao de fatores de risco e na potencializacao de fatores protetivos para a promocao do desenvolvimento saudavel durante a adolescencia.

Índice de Comportamentos de Risco: construção e análise das propriedades psicométricas

Adolescentes adotam comportamentos de risco que podem favorecer ou prejudicar seu desenvolvimento, o que demanda atencao cientifica e profissional. Este estudo apresenta o processo de construcao e analise das propriedades psicometricas do Indice de Comportamento de Risco. O processo envolveu quatro etapas: revisao da literatura, selecao dos itens, analise preliminar do instrumento, analise final das propriedades psicometricas. Foi utilizado um banco de dados com informacoes de 466 estudantes de escolas publicas de Porto Alegre, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, com idade entre 11 e 19 anos. A versao final do Indice possui 17 itens, distribuidos em quatro fatores: comportamento sexual de risco, uso de substâncias, comportamento infracional e comportamento suicida. O instrumento apresentou consistencia interna satisfatoria (α = 0,84), assim como permitiu avaliar simultaneamente um conjunto de comportamentos de risco, bem como identificar a prevalencia e coocorrencia desses comportamentos em adolescentes ou jovens adultos, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento cientifico e profissional de atencao a adolescencia.

Atenção em saúde mental: perfil dos usuários e funcionamento de um ambulatório municipal

Preventive and therapeutic care designed to mental health represents an important resource in promoting human development at different times during life cycle. The profile of the users and the operational system of a Mental Health Clinic in the interior of the state of Rio Grande do Sul were investigated with the purpose of knowing the population assisted and the service offered. The design was a case study and data were collected from medical records of 466 users who attended the service for a month and through participant observation. Most users are women (74.7%) between 25 and 59 years old (76.7%). The main complaints were symptoms related to mood alternation and anxiety. The most prevalent diagnoses were Mood Disorders (44.4%) and Disorders Related to Stress and Somatoform Disorders (34.1%). Most users have been in treatment for more than four years, which suggests the permanence of an intervention leads to chronic cases, helping to make users dependent on and rooted in service. As an alternative, we emphasize the importance to invest in prevention and promotion of mental health, teamwork skills and strengthening the service network.

PROJETOS DE VIDA E MÉTODO AUTOFOTOGRÁFICO: Pesquisa Com Adolescentes em Conflito Com a Lei

O presente trabalho apresenta uma reflexao sobre a relacao entre adolescencia, violencia e medidas socio-educativas em adolescentes em conflito com a lei, considerando a utilizacao do metodo fotografico como uma ferramenta util para realizacao de pesquisa com essa populacao. Observa-se que essa populacao pode apresentar dificuldades na utilizacao apenas do relato verbal. Para tanto, inicialmente apresenta-se os vinculos entre adolescencia e violencia demonstrando os atravessamentos sociais e psicologicos que compoem o fenomeno. Entao discute-se o papel da medida socio-educativa na sociedade atual, observando a necessidade de avaliar o seu papel na (re)construcao do projeto de vida dos adolescentes. Por fim, discute-se propriamente o uso do metodo fotografico, como uma alternativa privilegiada para acessar diferentes sentimentos, pensamentos e experiencias dessa populacao.

O ENVOLVIMENTO FAMILIAR E COMUNITÁRIO NA EXECUÇÃO DA MEDIDA SOCIOEDUCATIVA DE INTERNAÇÃO

A familia e a comunidade dos adolescentes em conflito com a lei devem ser consideradas tanto na compreensao do problema quanto no enfrentamento. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo investigar o quanto a Doutrina da Protecao Integral esta inserida no trabalho socioeducativo a partir da concepcao dos trabalhadores de uma Unidade de internacao com relacao a necessidade de previsao do envolvimento familiar e comunitario na execucao da medida. Os resultados indicaram que a previsao do envolvimento familiar e comunitario nao e vista do mesmo modo pelos participantes da pesquisa, que apresentaram respostas discordantes. Estas diferencas podem refletir diferencas quanto ao entendimento da questao, assim como podem indicar que ainda existe um distanciamento entre a realidade e as previsoes do ECA. Em conclusao, salienta-se a necessidade de encontrar alternativas para promover maior efetivacao da Doutrina da Protecao Integral no sistema socioeducativo como um todo.

Violence and weaknesses in the family relationships: reflecting about the situation of the adolescents in conflict with the law ::: Violência e fragilidades nas relações familiares: refletindo sobre a situação de adolescentes em conflito com a lei

The relationship between the practice of infractional acts for adolescents and the existence of fragility in family compositions has been a special focus of studies that seek to understand the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency. This study aimed, across a multiple case study, understand how aspects of family dynamics experienced by adolescents in conflict with the law interfere in their process of psychic development and may be associated with the practice of infractional acts. We identified the presence of different forms of violence in the life course of adolescents, as well as weaknesses in family relationships in early developmental times. It discusses the importance of family inclusion in interventions with this population, addressing both the prevention of recurrence and the treatment of these cases. Language: ptViolence and weaknesses in the family relationships: reflecting about the situation of the adolescents in conflict with the law . The relationship between the practice of infractional acts for adolescents and the existence of fragility in family compositions has been a special focus of studies that seek to understand the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency. This study aimed, across a multiple case study, understand how aspects of family dynamics experienced by adolescents in conflict with the law interfere in their process of psychic development and may be associated with the practice of infractional acts. We identified the presence of different forms of violence in the life course of adolescents, as well as weaknesses in family relationships in early developmental times. It discusses the importance of family inclusion in interventions with this population, addressing both the prevention of recurrence and the treatment of these cases.

Violence and weaknesses in the family relationships: reflecting about the situation of the adolescents in conflict with the law

The relationship between the practice of infractional acts for adolescents and the existence of fragility in family compositions has been a special focus of studies that seek to understand the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency. This study aimed, across a multiple case study, understand how aspects of family dynamics experienced by adolescents in conflict with the law interfere in their process of psychic development and may be associated with the practice of infractional acts. We identified the presence of different forms of violence in the life course of adolescents, as well as weaknesses in family relationships in early developmental times. It discusses the importance of family inclusion in interventions with this population, addressing both the prevention of recurrence and the treatment of these cases. Language: ptViolence and weaknesses in the family relationships: reflecting about the situation of the adolescents in conflict with the law . The relationship between the practice of infractional acts for adolescents and the existence of fragility in family compositions has been a special focus of studies that seek to understand the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency. This study aimed, across a multiple case study, understand how aspects of family dynamics experienced by adolescents in conflict with the law interfere in their process of psychic development and may be associated with the practice of infractional acts. We identified the presence of different forms of violence in the life course of adolescents, as well as weaknesses in family relationships in early developmental times. It discusses the importance of family inclusion in interventions with this population, addressing both the prevention of recurrence and the treatment of these cases.