Leyla Turgut

In situ dry matter and crude protein degradation kinetics of some forages in Eastern Turkey

Eight forages (dry grass hay, alfalfa, bromegrass, sainfoin, common vetch, oatgrass, wheat straw and barley straw) used for sheep nutrition in Eastern Turkey were evaluated for ruminal DM and CP degradation kinetics. Duplicate bags containing 3 g ground forages were incubated in the rumen of three ruminally cannulated Red Karaman rams for 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Rate and extent of ruminal digestion were estimated. Significant effects of forage species were observed in rapidly soluble and potentially degradable fractions, and degradation rates of DM and CP. The rapidly soluble DM and CP fractions were 17.4 and 30.3% for barley straw, 24.7 and 38.4% for wheat straw, 26.5 and 63.6% for oat grass, 29.0 and 29.7% for brome grass, 27.0 and 35.3% for alfalfa, 38.5 and 42.7% for sainfoin, 29.2 and 39.7% for common vetch, 28.0 and 31.0% for dry grass hay, respectively. The potentially degradable DM and CP fractions, respectively, were 49.7 and 26.5% for barley straw, 43.4 and 25.5% for wheat straw, 48.1 and 21.2% for oat grass, 46.8 and 49.6% for brome grass, 40.4 and 52.7% for alfalfa, 43.4 and 45.9% for sainfoin, 49.2 and 55.0% for common vetch, 55.4 and 50.0% for dry grass hay. The effective degradability (ED) of DM and CP were different (P<0.01) between forage types.

Crude Protein Degradation of Some Energy Feeds Measured by Nylon Bag Technique

Abstract Turgut, L., Macit, M. and Karaoğlu, M. 2004. Crude protein degradation of some energy feeds measured by nylon bag technique. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 25: 81–84. This study was carried out to determine degradability of crude protein (CP), feed value parameters (α, b, a+b and c) and effective crude protein degradability (ECPD) by in sacco (nylon bag) technique for some commonly used energy feeds (barley, wheat, wheat bran) produced in Erzurum province. Three ruminally cannulated Morkaraman rams of 2 years were used in this research. The energy feeds were incubated for 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 h. Effective degradability were calculated using rumen outflow rate (k) (0.05/h) coefficient obtained from Neway P.C. package program. Results obtained by the nylon bag technique indicated that the crude protein degradability values at 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 h seem lower in barley than in wheat and wheat bran but wheat grain had higher values at all of the incubation periods except for at 2 h than those of wheat bran and barley. The crude protein degradability values of wheat and wheat bran at 8, 16 and 24 h incubation periods are close to each other.

Growth Performance of Brown Swiss Calves Fed Early and Late Cut Hay from Meadow Fertilized by Two Levels of N and P2 O5

Abstract Comakli, B., Yanar, M., Tuzemen, N., Tan, M., Turgut, L. and Mentese, Ö. 2005. Growth performance of Brown Swiss, calves fed early and late cut hay from meadow fertilized by two levels of N and P2 O5. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 27: 35–38. To determine effects of rations mainly formed by early or late-bloom cut hay from meadows fertilized by N and P2 O5 or not fertilized, on the growth performance, 20 female Brown Swiss calves (6–12 m) were fed for 129 days. Average daily weight gain, feed per unit weight gain and total intake of meadow hay were better for hay from meadows fertilized with N and P2 O5 as compared to hay from not fertilized meadow. Similarly these parameters were better for calves fed early bloom hay than for calves fed late bloom hay. Application of N and P2 O5 fertilizers and early cutting stage for meadow hay is suggested for providing better growth performance and feed efficiency traits of the Brown Swiss calves.

Growth Performance Characteristics of Holstein Friesian Calves Fed Early and Late Cut Meadow Hay / Erken ve Geç Biçilmiş Çayır Otu ile Beslenen Siyah Alaca Danaların Büyüme Performansı Özellikleri

Bu calisma, disi Siyah Alaca danalarin buyume performansi uzerine erken veya gec ciceklenme doneminde bicilen cayir otu ile beslemenin etkisini belirlemek uzere yurutulmustur. Bu amacla 8-10 aylik yaslarda 12 adet disi Siyah Alaca dana 129 gun sure ile beslenmistir. Cayir otu bicim zamaninin, erken bicim uygulamasi lehine olmak uzere buyume performansi ve yemden yararlanma orani bakimindan onemli etki yaptigi belirlenmistir. Erken bicilmis cayir otu ile beslenen buzagilar, gec bicilmis ot verilen buzagilardan 17.5 kg daha fazla toplam canli agirlik artisi yapmislardir. Bir kg canli agirlik artisi icin tuketilen erken bicim cayir otu miktari gec bicilen ot ile beslenenlerden 1.725 kg daha azdir. Dogu Anadolu Bolgesinde yetistirilen disi Siyah Alaca danalarda daha iyi bir buyume performansi ve yemden yararlanma degeri saglanmasi bakimindan, erken ciceklenme doneminde cayir otu uretiminin tavsiye edilebilecegi sonucuna varilmistir.

In situ Dry Matter and Organic Matter Degradabilities of Four Different Concentrates Manufactured in Eastern Turkey

Abstract Turgut, L. and Yanar, M. 2003. In situ dry matter and organic matter degradabilities of four different concentrates manufactured in Eastern Turkey. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 24: 59–64. Different concentrates manufactured by commercial feed mills for ruminant, nutrition in Eastern Turkey were investigated regarding dry matter and organic matter digestibilities and in situ dry and organic matter degradability kinetic parameters. The rates of dry and organic matter disappearances of Concentrate-1 (C-l) held in the rumen for 8, 16, 24 and 48 h were significantly (P<0.01) higher than those of other concentrates. Influences of the concentrates on the potentially degradable fractions (b) of dry and organic matters were statistically significant (P<0.01). Effective dry and organic matter degradabilities of the C-l were significantly higher (P<0.01) than those of other concentrates.

Effect of Tethered and Free-Stall Housing Systems on the Fattening Performance of Holstein Friesian Bulls at Two Different Ages

Abstract Turgut, L., Yanar, M., Tüzemen, N., Yüksel, S. and Yaganoglu, A.V. 2002. Effect of tethered and free-stall housing systems on the fattening performance of Holstein Friesian bulls at two different ages. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 22: 91–95. Fattening performance and feed efficiency ratio characteristics of young Holstein Friesian bulls housed in free-stall or tie-stall barn at two different age groups i.e. 9–12 months and 14–17 months of age were investigated. A total of 19 Holstein bulls were fattened for 142 days. Adjusted average final weights of the young bulls kept in free-stall and stall bam were 395.50 and 404.95 kg, respectively. Average total weight gain of the bulls in loose housing system was 4.7 kg, higher than those in tethered barn. The feed efficiency ratio values for free-stall system was better than tethered barns. The free-stall housing system might be successfully used without causing detrimental effect on the fattening performance of Holstein cattle.