Machfud

IMPROVING PERFORMANCE OF BISCUIT PRODUCTION PROCESS THROUGH LEAN SIX-SIGMA AT PT XYZ

This research aims to analyze waste or loss using the 7-waste approach and value added/non value added activities in the production process at PT. XYZ. This research also aims to evaluate the production process capability and sigma values at PT. XYZ and used DMAIC technique (Define, Measure, Analysis, Improvement, and Control) from Lean Six-sigma with an analysis using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). The results of the research obtained the values of Process Cycle Efficiency (PCE) of 47.29%, CTQ (Critical to Quality) and process capability value in the form of Cpm (Capability Index) for each process stage and yield. Line-5 has DPMO (Defects per Million Opportunities) value of 29,632,607 with a Sigma Score 3.39, and FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) analysis resulted in recommendations for improvement at each process stage.Keywords: process cycle efficiency, biscuit, lean six-sigma, CTQ, CpmABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis tingkat pemborosan (waste/loss) dengan menggunakan pendekatan 7 waste dan value added/non value added activity dalam proses produksi di PT. XYZ. Selanjutnya, melakukan evaluasi terhadap nilai kapabilitas proses produksi dan nilai sigma di PT. XYZ. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analysis, Improvement, and Control) dari Lean Six Sigma dengan Analisis menggunakan menggunakan alat Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Hasil Penelitian mendapati nilai Process Cycle Efficiency (PCE) 47.29%, CTQ (Critical to Quality) dan nilai kapabilitas proses berupa Cpm (Capability Index) setiap tahapan proses dan Yield. Line-5 memiliki DPMO (Defects Per Million Opportunities) sebesar 29632.607 dengan Sigma Score 3.39 Sigma, analisis FMEA(Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) menghasilkan rekomendasi perbaikan di setiap tahapan proses.Kata kunci: process cycle efficiency, biskuit, lean six sigma, CTQ, Cpm

DINAMIKA PERTUMBUHAN DAN STATUS KEBERLANJUTAN KAWASAN PERMUKIMAN DI PINGGIRAN KOTA WILAYAH METROPOLITAN JAKARTA

ABSTRAK Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat secara umum dikategorikan sebagai wilayah kepulauan maritim karena dominasi sumberdaya alam maupun masyarakat berbasis pada jasa kelautan. Sejauh ini, kebutuhan makanan di wilayah ini masih tergantung dari wilayah lain seperti Jawa dan Sulawesi. Penelitian ini mengembangkan konsep evaluasi potensi lahan pertanian berdasarkan data sistem lahan dan informasi fisik lahan terkini. Interpretasi citra satelit dilakukan untuk perolehan data fisik lahan yang diintegrasikan dengan data sistem lahan dengan menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis dalam analisis spasial potensi lahan pertanian tersebut. Penerapan konsep pengembangan lahan pertanian yang digunakan menghasilkan tiga jenis potensi lahan yaitu pertanian padi sawah, pertanian lahan kering, dan pengembangan tanaman tahunan. Namun demikian, hasil penelitian masih merupakan informasi awal zonasi lahan yang memiliki potensi tersebut, dan dapat digunakan sebagai data awal untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut terhadap kesesuaian jenis pertanian sampai dengan jenis komoditasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wilayah kabupaten ini memiliki areal potensi lahan pertanian sawah dengan kelas sesuai marginal (S3) seluas 53.000 ha atau 8,7 % dari total wilayah, potensi lahan pertanian lahan kering dengan kelas sesuai marginal (S3) seluas 44.000 ha atau 9,9 % dari total wilayah. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ini, potensi pengembangan lahan pertanian di wilayah kepulauan maritim ini cukup besar meskipun dalam kategori sesuai marginal. Lahan dengan kondisi seperti ini mempunyai pembatas-pembatas yang besar, oleh karena itu upaya-upaya manajemen pada tingkat pengelolaan harus diterapkan. Informasi spasial memiliki peran penting dalam rangka mendukung program ketahanan pangan nasional. Kata Kunci: Lahan Pertanian, Zonasi Lahan, Kepulauan Maritim, Lahan Marginal, Pengembangan Lahan. ABSTRACT In general, Maluku Tenggara Barat Regency is considered as a maritime archipelago due to the dominance of both natural and social resources which are mainly supported by marine base services. So far, basic food needs of the region constantly depend on food production from other areas, such as Java and Sulawesi. This research developed a concept of potential agriculture site selection base on land system and current physical land information. Moreover, satellite image interpretation was used to obtain land physical data. Integration of these data with land use and land system data using a Geographic Information System tool to perform spatial analysis in order to obtaina potential farmland classification. This analysis result in three types of potential agricultural land namely wetland rice agriculture, dry land agriculture, and annual crops agriculture. This results show provisional information which has potential use for land zonation. Accordingly, the results can be used as input for further development of feasibility study for defining agricultural zone and crop types. The potential farmland class shows that land area potential for developing wetland rice agricultural amounted for 53 thousand hectares (8.7% of the total area) and dry land agricultural amounted for 44,000 hectares (9.9% of the total area); both fall in marginally suitable class (S3). Looking at the number, the potential area for developing agricultural in the maritime archipelago is actually quite large, although those are fall in the category of marginally suitable. Land in this category has great physical limitations, so that maintenance at the level of management should be implemented. This kind of spatial information actually has in important role in supporting national food security. Keywords: Agricultural Land, Land Use Zoning, Maritime Islands, Marginal Land, Development Land.

Pemodelan optimasi mitigasi risiko rantai pasok produk/komoditas Jagung

Besides more complexes, the agricultural product supply chain also was probabilistic, dynamic and higher dependencies. This happened because of the agricultural product was easy broken, the process of planting, the growth and the harvesting depended the season, the yield had variety form and measurement, and the agricultural product was bulky so that the agricultural product was difficult to be handled. The height of the dependency level and the complexity from the supply chain network of the agricultural product made this chain to be more susceptible to the disturbance. The risk of failure for the supply chain could be happen internally (the relations between the organization and the network of the supplier) and externally (between the network of the supplier and its environment). Therefore, the needs for supply chain risk management to avoid a result that can continuously occur at any point in the supply network. The purpose of this study was to describe a model of evaluation and risk management supply chain of agricultural products. Model could identify risks of every level of supply chain and provide solutions that can be done to minimize them. The index value of risk on farm level was 26 % higher than the risk at the level of collector (8.78 %) and distributors (8.31 %). The model can optimize farmers’ planting schedules to reduce supply risk and price, while also optimizing the selection of suppliers at the level of collectors and distributors with the consideration of minimizing risk and optimizing profits. ABSTRAK Selain lebih kompleks, rantai pasok produk pertanian juga bersifat probabilistik, dinamis dan kebergantungan yang tinggi. Hal ini terjadi karena produk pertanian bersifat mudah rusak, proses penanaman, pertumbuhan dan pemanenan tergantung musim, hasil panen memiliki bentuk dan ukuran yang bervariasi, dan produk pertanian bersifat kamba sehingga produk pertanian sulit untuk ditangani. Tingginya tingkat kebergantungan dan kompleksitas dari jaringan rantai pasok produk pertanian menjadikan rantai pasok lebih rentan terhadap gangguan. Risiko ganguan rantai pasok dapat terjadi secara internal (relasi antara organisasi dengan jaringan pemasok) dan eksternal (antara jaringan pemasok dengan lingkungannya). Oleh karena itu perlu pengendalian risiko rantai pasok agar dapat menghindarkan akibat berkelanjutan yang dapat terjadi pada setiap titik dalam jaringan pasokan. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah menjelaskan suatu model evaluasi dan manajemen risiko rantai pasok produk pertanian. Hasil validasi model dapat mengidentifikasi risiko setiap tingkatan rantai pasok dan memberikan usulan tindakan yang dapat dilakukan untuk meminimalkan risikonya. Nilai indeks risiko pada tingkat petani sebesar 26 % yang lebih tinggi daripada risiko pada tingkat pengumpul (8,78 %) dan distributor (8,31 %). Model dapat mengoptimalkan jadwal tanam petani untuk mengurangi risiko pasokan dan harga, selain itu juga telah dimodelkan optimasi pemilihan pemasok pada tingkat pengumpul dan distributor dengan pertimbangan minimalisasi risiko dan optimalisasi keuntungan.

KAJIAN SISTEM PENGUKURAN KINERJA PABRIK GULA (STUDI KASUS : PG SUBANG JAWA BARAT)

The best apllying practice of performance management can lead to increase business competitiveness. The objective of this study was to describe of how performance measurement systems that has been conducted at PG Subang West Java to achive success areas of sugarcane factory. The systems was built to adopt from integrated dynamic performance systems (IDPMS) model. The models integrates of four functional areas : corporate management, plant management, shop floor, and process improvement teams (bina sarana tani and lab. QC). Each fungsional areas were linked through the specification, reporting, and dynamic updating of the defined areas of success, performance measure, and performance standard. Understanding interrelationships of performance measurements provides the foundation for more focused improvement efforts