Maria Helena Ribeiro de Carvalho

A formação médica e a clínica ampliada: resultados de uma experiência brasileira

This is a qualitative study that is part of an evaluation research of a medicine course with the use of active teaching-learning methodologies based on the triangulation of methods. The aim is to evaluate the results related to the extended general practice concept. The sources of information used in the study include 17 semi-structured interviews with ex-prisoners and a situation that simulated the medical practice, of which seven ex-prisoners and a simulated patient participated. The analysis of the information and the production of the data were based on the method of interpretation of senses, according to the referential hermeneutic-dialectic system. The results point to aspects that justify the extended general practice, evidenced in two themes: the doctor-patient relationship and the patient approach. In conclusion, it is observed that the evaluated medical course brings together the education of the general, humanist, critical and reflexive doctor that may intervene in the different levels of health attention as well as in the individual and collective approach. It is also concluded that there are limits in operating an extended general practice in diverse health situations.

Percepção do egresso de enfermagem sobre a contribuição do curso para o exercício do cuidado

O estudo avaliou a formacao em enfermagem ancorada na problematizacao e na aprendizagem baseada em problemas a partir da percepcao dos egressos. Trata-se de estudo transversal de natureza ex-post-facto. Os resultados foram analisados na triangulacao das abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa e na perspectiva hermeneutica dialetica. Na abordagem quantitativa 180 egressos responderam um questionario. Na qualitativa, 14 participaram das entrevistas, que buscaram sentidos relacionados ao cuidado ideal, para construcao dos indicadores que revelassem a logica da avaliacao. Esses indicadores nortearam a escolha das questoes para triangulacao. Os resultados apontaram que 85,1% dos egressos estao inseridos no mercado de trabalho, 92,1% cursaram pos-graduacao e 99,1% acreditam apresentar formacao necessaria ao cuidado etico, humanizado e fundamentado. A analise dos dados aponta para formacao comprometida com a construcao da autonomia e do conhecimento, bem como articulada aos principios do Sistema Unico de Saude e do mundo do trabalho em enfermagem.This present study evaluated nursing education based on problem-solving and learning based on problems originating from alumnis perceptions. This is an ex-post-facto cross-sectional study. Results were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative approaches triangulation and through dialectical hermeneutics. In the quantitative approach 180 alumni answered a questionnaire. The qualitative approach involved 14 interviews that searched for meanings related to the notion of ideal care, in order to build indicators that would reveal this evaluation logic. These indicators guided the choice of triangulation questions. Results demonstrated that 85.1% of alumni are working in the nursing market, 92.1% have taken a post-graduate course and 99.1% believe they have the education required to deliver ethical, humanized and founded care. Data analysis demonstrates a compromised education as autonomy and knowledge are being built, and articulated to the Single Health System and the world nursing principles. DESCRIPTORS: Evaluation. Nursing care. Comprehensiveness.

Tendência de mortalidade de idosos por doenças crônicas no município de Marília-SP, Brasil: 1998 a 2000 e 2005 a 2007

OBJECTIVE:to describe elderly mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and neoplasms in Marilia (SP).METHODS:this is a descriptive study of mortality from three diseases as defined by the 10th International Classification of Diseases, between 1998-2000 and 2005-2007. Mortality Information System records were used. Mortality rates by age and sex were calculated.RESULTS:circulatory diseases were the main causes of death among the elderly (39.25%). Neoplasm decline was noticed in both sexes and in those aged 60-69, particularly prostate cancer in men (-83.86%) and breast cancer (-70.96%) in this age group. Deaths from respiratory diseases increased in patients aged 80 and older: 39.31% in men and 57.92% in women.CONCLUSION:mortality from circulatory diseases and neoplasms among the elderly showed a decline, with increased mortality from respiratory system problems in patients 80 years of age and older.

Chronic disease-related elderly mortality trends in the city of Marilia-SP, Brazil:

OBJECTIVE:to describe elderly mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and neoplasms in Marilia (SP).METHODS:this is a descriptive study of mortality from three diseases as defined by the 10th International Classification of Diseases, between 1998-2000 and 2005-2007. Mortality Information System records were used. Mortality rates by age and sex were calculated.RESULTS:circulatory diseases were the main causes of death among the elderly (39.25%). Neoplasm decline was noticed in both sexes and in those aged 60-69, particularly prostate cancer in men (-83.86%) and breast cancer (-70.96%) in this age group. Deaths from respiratory diseases increased in patients aged 80 and older: 39.31% in men and 57.92% in women.CONCLUSION:mortality from circulatory diseases and neoplasms among the elderly showed a decline, with increased mortality from respiratory system problems in patients 80 years of age and older.

Tendência de mortalidade de idosos por doenças crônicas no município de Marília-SP, Brasil:

OBJECTIVE:to describe elderly mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and neoplasms in Marilia (SP).METHODS:this is a descriptive study of mortality from three diseases as defined by the 10th International Classification of Diseases, between 1998-2000 and 2005-2007. Mortality Information System records were used. Mortality rates by age and sex were calculated.RESULTS:circulatory diseases were the main causes of death among the elderly (39.25%). Neoplasm decline was noticed in both sexes and in those aged 60-69, particularly prostate cancer in men (-83.86%) and breast cancer (-70.96%) in this age group. Deaths from respiratory diseases increased in patients aged 80 and older: 39.31% in men and 57.92% in women.CONCLUSION:mortality from circulatory diseases and neoplasms among the elderly showed a decline, with increased mortality from respiratory system problems in patients 80 years of age and older.

Chronic disease-related elderly mortality trends in the city of Marilia-SP, Brazil: 1998-2000 and 2005-2007

OBJECTIVE:to describe elderly mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and neoplasms in Marilia (SP).METHODS:this is a descriptive study of mortality from three diseases as defined by the 10th International Classification of Diseases, between 1998-2000 and 2005-2007. Mortality Information System records were used. Mortality rates by age and sex were calculated.RESULTS:circulatory diseases were the main causes of death among the elderly (39.25%). Neoplasm decline was noticed in both sexes and in those aged 60-69, particularly prostate cancer in men (-83.86%) and breast cancer (-70.96%) in this age group. Deaths from respiratory diseases increased in patients aged 80 and older: 39.31% in men and 57.92% in women.CONCLUSION:mortality from circulatory diseases and neoplasms among the elderly showed a decline, with increased mortality from respiratory system problems in patients 80 years of age and older.

La percepción de los graduados en enfermería sobre la contribución del curso para el ejercicio del cuidado

O estudo avaliou a formacao em enfermagem ancorada na problematizacao e na aprendizagem baseada em problemas a partir da percepcao dos egressos. Trata-se de estudo transversal de natureza ex-post-facto. Os resultados foram analisados na triangulacao das abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa e na perspectiva hermeneutica dialetica. Na abordagem quantitativa 180 egressos responderam um questionario. Na qualitativa, 14 participaram das entrevistas, que buscaram sentidos relacionados ao cuidado ideal, para construcao dos indicadores que revelassem a logica da avaliacao. Esses indicadores nortearam a escolha das questoes para triangulacao. Os resultados apontaram que 85,1% dos egressos estao inseridos no mercado de trabalho, 92,1% cursaram pos-graduacao e 99,1% acreditam apresentar formacao necessaria ao cuidado etico, humanizado e fundamentado. A analise dos dados aponta para formacao comprometida com a construcao da autonomia e do conhecimento, bem como articulada aos principios do Sistema Unico de Saude e do mundo do trabalho em enfermagem.This present study evaluated nursing education based on problem-solving and learning based on problems originating from alumnis perceptions. This is an ex-post-facto cross-sectional study. Results were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative approaches triangulation and through dialectical hermeneutics. In the quantitative approach 180 alumni answered a questionnaire. The qualitative approach involved 14 interviews that searched for meanings related to the notion of ideal care, in order to build indicators that would reveal this evaluation logic. These indicators guided the choice of triangulation questions. Results demonstrated that 85.1% of alumni are working in the nursing market, 92.1% have taken a post-graduate course and 99.1% believe they have the education required to deliver ethical, humanized and founded care. Data analysis demonstrates a compromised education as autonomy and knowledge are being built, and articulated to the Single Health System and the world nursing principles. DESCRIPTORS: Evaluation. Nursing care. Comprehensiveness.