Raul da Cunha Lima Neto

Exigência de lisina digestível para frangos de corte machos de 1 a 42 dias de idade

This study was carried out with the objective of estimating the nutritional requirements of digestible lysine for broiler from 1 to 42 days old. A total of 1,950 male Cobb chicks were used (750, 600 and 600 in pre-initial, initial and growing phase, respectively) with initial weight of 45.1 ± 0.6, 160.5 ± 2.4 g and 746.3 ± 10.7 g, respectively. The birds were distributed in a completely randomized design, using six treatments and five repetitions, with 25, 20, and 20 chicks per experimental unit in the pre-initial, initial and growing phases, respectively. The treatments consisted of a lysine-deficient basal diet that was supplement with L-lysine.HCl in order to contain six digestible lysine levels (1.10, 1.16, 1.22, 1.28, 1.34 and 1.40%; 0.92, 0.98, 1.04, 1.10, 1.16 and 1.22% and 0.815, 0.875, 0.935, 0.995, 1.055 and 1.115%, for the pre-initial, initial and growing phases, respectively). The characteristics evaluated were: feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion, weight and carcass yield and prime cuts, relative and absolute weight of edible viscera and abdominal fat. In all phases, there was a linear effect of digestible lysine levels on feed intake and quadratic effect on weight gain feed conversion. There was no effect of the digestible lysine levels on the absolute weights of carcass, heart, and abdominal fat, carcass yields, breast, thigh and drumsticks, and on the relative weights of the heart, liver, gizzard and abdominal fat. However, there was a quadratic effect on the absolute weights of the breast, drumstick, thigh and liver. Digestible lysine levels recommended for male broilers are 1.286; 1,057 and 0,998% in the pre-initial, initial and growing phases, respectively.

Valores energéticos e composição bromatológica dos fenos de jureminha, feijão bravo e maniçoba para aves

An experiment was carried out to determine the apparent metabolizable energy (AME), apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) and chemical composition of bravo bean hay (HBB), jureminha hay (HJ) and manicoba hay (HM) for use in birds feeding. Two hundred and eighty, 17 days old broiler chicks were distributed according to a completely randomized design, into seven treatments organized in a factorial arrangement 3 x 2 + 1 (three hay types x two levels of substitution of the reference diet + reference diet), with four repetitions of 10 birds each. The contents of AME and AMEn of jureminha, bravo bean and manicoba hays were 3.205 and 2.911, 2.990 and 2.648, 2.728 and 2.419, respectively, when the ingredients test substituted 15% of the reference diet, and 2.678 and 2.371, 2.875 and 2.523, 2.277 and 1.956, respectively, when the ingredients test substituted 30% of the reference diet. Therefore, the level of substitution of the reference diet by the ingredient test affects AME and AMEn. Jureminha and bravo bean hays presented higher AME and AMEn values than manicoba hay for bird feeding.

Desempenho e qualidade dos ovos de poedeiras semipesadas alimentadas com dietas contendo óleos de soja e canola

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of soybean and canola oil added in crescent levels on production performance indexes and internal and external egg quality of brown commercial layers of the strain Bovans Goldline during five periods of 28 days. Two hundred and eighty hens with 18 weeks old were distributed in a completely randomized design, with seven diets in a 2 × 3 + 1 factorial arrangement (oil type and oil level, and an additional control), with 5 replicates of 8 hens per experimental unit. The soybean and canola oil levels did not affect the feed consumption; egg, albumen, yolk and shell weights; albumen, yolk and shell percentages, neither the specific gravity. There was an interaction between type and oils levels on egg production and mass conversion and per egg dozen. Better results for those characteristics were obtained as soybean oil increased. However, the egg mass conversion was negatively influenced by increase of canola oil. The addition of soybean oil promoted better performance as compared to canola oil.

Níveis de cálcio em dietas para poedeiras semipesadas após o pico de postura

Two hundred and sixteen layers were raised from 39 to 55 weeks of age to study the effects of levels of calcium in the rations on performance and eggs quality of brown commercial layers. A completely randomized experimental design were used with six levels of calcium (3.0; 3.4; 3.8; 4.2; 4.6 and 5.0%) and six replicates of six layers hens. There was no effect of calcium levels on hen performance, however significantly affected the percentage of albumen and egg shell. The increase of calcium in the diet promoted increment in egg shell quality in relationship to other eggs components. The calcium level of 4.3% is recommended for brown layer hens after production peak.

Influência do óleo de linhaça sobre o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos de poedeiras semipesadas

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the influence of the linseed oil addition in replacement of soybean oil in laying hens diets on performance and internal and external egg quality. A total of 192 laying hens Bovans Godline line with 29 week-old, were distributed to six treatments, that consisted of a control diet (without vegetal oil) and of five diets containing 2% of linseed oil in replacement of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of soybean oil, generating levels of 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 % of linseed oil in the diets. The evaluated parameters were: production (PROD), egg weight (EW) and mass (EM), feed:egg mass ratio (FEM) and feed:egg dozen ratio (FED), albumen, yolk and shell weights and percentages, specific gravity, albumen and yolk dry matter, ashes and protein, yolk cholesterol and coloration. The production , EW, EM, FEM and FED, as for internal and external egg quality, were not influenced by the linseed oil levels in the diet. Likewise, no effect was observed on egg chemical composition and only yolk coloration was intensified with the levels above 1% of linseed oil in the diet. The addition of up to 2% f linseed oil on diet did not alter the performance on semi-heavy laying hens, and the internal and external egg quality and cholesterol.

Exigências de lisina digestível para codornas japonesas na fase de postura

The objective was to estimate the nutritional requirements of digestible lysine for Japanese laying quails. Two hundred and forty Japanese quails were allotted to a completely randomized block designs, with five diets, with six replications of eight birds each. Diets consisted of a basal ration deficient in lysine and supplemented with five levels 0.88, 0.96, 1.04, 1.12 or 1.20%) of digestible lysine. Feed consumption, egg production, egg weight and egg mass, feed conversion by egg mass (FCEM) and by dozen egg were evaluated. It was also evaluated, albumen weight, yolk weight and shell weight, percentages of albumen, yolk and shell and egg specific gravity. Dietary digestible lysine level linearly influenced feed intake, while egg production was affected in a quadratic faction by digestible lysine levels. The other characteristics were not affected by dietary digestible lysine levels. Dietary digestible lysine requirement for Japanese laying quails was estimated in 1.03%, which correspond to a daily intake of 292 mg of digestible lysine.

Metabolizable energy levels for semi-heavy laying hens at the second production cycle

This study was carried out to evaluate the energy levels in the diet to obtain better performance rates and quality of eggs from laying hens in the second production cycle. One hundred and eighty Bovans Goldline laying hens with 62 weeks of age were used during four 28-day periods. A completely randomized experimental design was used with four metabolizable energy levels (2,650, 2,725, 2,800, 2,875 and 2,950 kcal/kg), each with six replicates of six birds. The energy level of diet did not affect the weight of the egg, yolk, albumen and eggshell, the percentages of yolk, albumen and eggshell, yolk color and egg specific gravity. Feed intake, egg production, egg mass and feed conversion per egg mass and per dozen eggs increased significantly with increasing levels of metabolizable energy. Feed intake decreased linearly as the energy level in the diet increased. The metabolizable energy levels showed a quadratic effect on egg production, egg mass and feed conversion per egg mass and per dozen eggs. The metabolizable energy level of 2,830 kcal/kg was the most appropriate to promote better performance and quality of eggs from laying hens in the second production cycle.

Effect of different metabolizable energy and soybean oil levels in the diet of laying hens on the egg chemical composition and lipid profile

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of increasing metabolizable energy and soybean oil levels on the egg chemical composition, total lipids and cholesterol contents and fatty acids profile in the egg yolk. Three hundred and sixty 29 week-old Bovans Goldline semi-heavy commercial layers were used during three periods of 28 days. A completely randomized design were used in a 3 × 3 double factorial arrangement with three soybean oil levels (1, 2 and 3%) and three metabolizable energy levels in the diet (2,600, 2,750 and 2,900 kcal/kg), totalizing nine diets with five replicates of eight birds. No interaction soybean oil × metabolizable energy levels was observed. The metabolizable energy levels did not affect any of the determined characteristics. The moisture, ash and protein contents in the egg yolk and albumen and the lipid and cholesterol contents in the yolk were not affected by the soybean oil levels in the diet, while linoleic acid (C18:3) and linolenic acid (C18:2) levels responded linearly. The use of 2,600 kcal ME/kg and 3% of soybean oil in the diet of laying hens with consumption of 120 g/bird/day is justifiable, since this feeding strategy improves the fatty acids profile of the egg.

Níveis de proteína bruta e de energia metabolizável para frangas de postura semipesadas de 1 a 18 semanas de idade

Objetivou-se neste experimento avaliar o desempenho de poedeiras comerciais de 1 a 18 semanas de idade submetidas a niveis de Proteina Bruta (PB) e de Energia Metabolizavel (EM). O experimento foi desenvolvido no aviario de Departamento de Zootecnia do Centro de Ciencias Agrarias da UFPB, em Areia-PB. Foram utilizadas 432 pintainhas Lohmann Brown de tres dias de idade, distribuidas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema Fatorial 3x3, com tres niveis de PB e tres niveis de EM. Na primeira fase, de 1 a 6 semanas de idade, as aves foram alimentadas com racoes contendo tres niveis de PB (21, 22 e 23%) e tres de EM (2900, 3000 e 3100kcal/kg de racao). Na segunda e terceira fases, as aves com idades de 7 a 12 e de 13 a 18 semanas, respectivamente, foram alimentadas com tres niveis de PB sendo 18, 19 e 20% de sete a doze semanas e 16, 17 e 18% de treze a dezoito semanas e tres niveis de EM sendo 2700, 2800 e 2900kcal/kg de racao nessas duas fases. Nao foi encontrada interacao entre os niveis de PB e de EM. Com base nos resultados obtidos, recomenda-se, respectivamente, para as fases de 1 a 6, de 7 a 12 e de 13 a 18 semanas de idade, os niveis de 21% de PB e 2900 kcal de EM/kg de racao, 20% de PB e 2700 kcal de EM/kg de racao e 16% de PB e 2700 kcal de EM/kg de racao.