Roseli Esquerdo Lopes

Social occupational therapy: conversations about a Brazilian experience.

Background. Researchers and practitioners worldwide have advocated for the development of critical perspectives in occupational therapy to examine the structural influences of social exclusion and injustice experienced by individuals, groups, and communities. To take action against social exclusion and injustice, Brazilian occupational therapists have been developing “social occupational therapy,” referring to practice that is focused on social issues and funded outside the health system. Purpose. This paper presents a Brazilian perspective on the concept and practice of social occupational therapy. Illustrations are drawn from 12 studies, developed between 2008 and 2013, which were completed with socially vulnerable youth through an ongoing university-community engagement partnership in São Carlos, São Paulo State, Brazil. Key issues. The authors discuss possibilities and challenges for developing a socially committed, transformative occupational therapy outside the health system. Implications. Occupational therapists may wish to seize opportunities to address social issues and attract funding beyond health services.

Residência multiprofissional em saúde e pós-graduação lato sensu no Brasil: apontamentos históricos

This is a discussion about Brazilian higher education, using as a parameter specialization courses in the postgraduate program based on the analysis of the Programa da Residencia Multiprofissional em Saude (Multidisciplinary Residency Program in Health- care), known as a postgraduate program. We used his- torical and documental research as a tool for analysis of the problems faced in the training model proposed in the Program and presented by the ministries of Education and Health as the basis for the consolidation of the national policy of health education. Our results show the importance of the postgraduate program in healthcare education. However, its irregular offering and, in most cases, not academic, has characterized a limited model from a commercial perspective, high - lighting the lack of public policies that ensure proper qualification. A Multidisciplinary Residency in Health- care aims to be a new strategy for policies of permanent education that by focusing on non-medical profes - sional groups from the area, promotes the production of the necessary conditions for changes in the still hegemonic restrictive medical care model, of atten - tion in healthcare. The question is whether the inter - ference in the educational model will contribute to better professionals in the area or if it limits the structure of the network of public services by offering

Oficinas de atividades com jovens da escola pública: tecnologias sociais entre educação e terapia ocupacional

Discute-se uma experiencia, na forma de Oficinas de Atividades, com jovens de uma escola publica. Trata-se de acoes que decorrem de atividades de extensao universitaria, caracterizadas por intervencoes que buscam o exercicio de metodologias participativas, fundamentadas na defesa de direitos que compoem a cidadania. Com o apoio dos pressupostos teorico-metodologicos da terapia ocupacional social e da educacao para a liberdade defendida por Paulo Freire, as Oficinas de Atividades tem se constituido como uma tecnologia social de aproximacao, (re)construcao de projetos e ampliacao de redes de suporte junto a jovens advindos de grupos populares urbanos em situacao de vulnerabilidade social. O acumulo dessas experiencias tem nos oferecido subsidios para a discussao acerca da implantacao desses dispositivos nos espacos da educacao formal, com vistas a construcao de propostas socieoeducativas fundadas em bases democraticas que carregam um movimento de tensionamento do ordenamento vigente, contribuindo para o enfrentamento de problematicas sociais contemporâneas.

Ação social e intersetorialidade: relato de uma experiência na interface entre saúde, educação e cultura

This paper is an analysis of an experience developed along with the Projeto Rotas Recriadas, in Campinas (state of Sao Paulo), a project designed to combat child and teenager sexual abuse, and in specific sexual exploitation. Through the partnership with Projeto Metuia, promoted by the Federal University of Sao Carlos, participants carried out academic and research activities. Workshop activities were developed, using individual and collective images as elements to assist in reestablishment of self, at ten Social Centers. In this project health professionals were introduced in a social, educational and cultural sphere, seeking to reach the teenagers, identify their demands and promote actions aiming to mediate and address the specific needs identified. The paper discuss the need for social interaction and activities as key elements in the process of bonding, creating ties and establishing goals for teenagers who are socially vulnerable.Trata-se da analise de uma experiencia desenvolvida junto ao Projeto Rotas Recriadas, em Campinas - SP, que se dedicou a constituir formas de enfrentamento a violencia sexual infanto-juvenil, em especial a exploracao sexual. Com base em uma parceria com o Nucleo UFSCar - Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos - do Projeto Metuia, foram realizadas atividades de extensao, formacao academica e desenvolvimento de pesquisas. Trabalhou-se com oficinas de atividades, tendo a imagem, individual e coletiva, como elemento catalisador da possibilidade de ressignificacao pessoal, em dez Centros de Convivencia. Buscou-se, nessa perspectiva, a insercao do profissional de saude no espaco da acao social, educacao e cultura, para: a aproximacao com os adolescentes, levantamento de demandas, realizacao de acoes de mediacao e de encaminhamentos para as necessidades apresentadas. Discute-se a convivencia e a atividade enquanto elementos-chave para a aproximacao, para o vinculo e para o estabelecimento de trabalhos com adolescentes em situacao de vulnerabilidade social.

Occupational Justice and Its Related Concepts: An Historical and Thematic Scoping Review

The concept of occupational justice relates to social inequality focusing on the needs of humans as occupational beings in their contexts. This article aims to examine the scholarly evolution of the term occupational justice and its related concepts. The article reports (a) the historical development of the term and (b) a thematic mapping of issues addressed by articles that used the occupational justice concept and its related terms. A scoping review was performed where 553 articles were found. We found the first article in 1974, and it was described as the first article that used the term. Two main sets of articles were analyzed: the ones that presented individual approaches and the ones framed by a collective approach. The review contributes to a better understanding of the use of the term occupational justice and its related concepts, and reflects on the impact of collective approaches to socially responsive occupation-based interventions.The concept of occupational justice relates to social inequality focusing on the needs of humans as occupational beings in their contexts. This article aims to examine the scholarly evolution of the term occupational justice and its related concepts. The article reports (a) the historical development of the term and (b) a thematic mapping of issues addressed by articles that used the occupational justice concept and its related terms. A scoping review was performed where 553 articles were found. We found the first article in 1974, and it was described as the first article that used the term. Two main sets of articles were analyzed: the ones that presented individual approaches and the ones framed by a collective approach. The review contributes to a better understanding of the use of the term occupational justice and its related concepts, and reflects on the impact of collective approaches to socially responsive occupation-based interventions.

Educação popular, ações em saúde, demandas e intervenções sociais: o papel dos agentes comunitários de saúde

This paper analyzes the intervention of Health Community Agents (HCAs) from the Family Health Program, with regard to social demands. Our reference is a region of Sao Paulos extended center characterized by the presence of tenement houses, former tenement houses and popular movements for housing. It counts on five HCAs, three of which are social movement leaders. The analyses focused on the dimension of popular education that derives from the participation in social movements, as characterized by the actions of these three militants who are also HCAs. Though participative research, interviews and direct observation, we strove to know whether implementing social policies and programs allowed to produce and consolidate social support nets for those in situation of social vulnerability. We concluded that social policies and programs will only be effective in social nets if they extend their intervention objectives and if look for intersectoral action.

The Education of Occupational Therapists in Brazil: History and Perspectives

Abstract This paper describes the history of professional education and curriculum issues about Occupational Therapists in Brazil. We articulate the proposals of curriculum guidelines, as defined by national education policies, to today’s model of Higher Education in this country and how it reflects in the education of human resources for the health area, especially Occupational Therapists. The challenge lies in how professional education, with the expansion of vacancies in the Higher Education system, will match the needs of the Brazilian population.

Occupational therapy professional education and research in the social field

Abstract This paper discusses methods of professional education and intervention that highlight the technical-ethicalpolitical role of occupational therapy in dealing with contemporary social problems. The paper describes how experiences of occupational therapy in the social field were used with students as strategies for understanding social reality, accomplishing academic education and developing research and reflections about caring technologies in this field. The overall aims of the project are to promote undergraduate and graduate education and to increase the knowledge base of social occupational therapy, especially in the area of youth problems that, for social, cultural and historical reasons, disrupt social support networks. To achieve these objectives, we developed technologies for social actions directed toward socially vulnerable groups of Brazilian youths, through university extension activities and academic research. Occupational therapy provides interventions at the population level and contributes to the development of mutual social living. Our experiences of these interventions are used to demonstrate principles underpinning the promotion of the practice of democracy and rights deriving from citizenship.

Por que ir à Escola? Os sentidos atribuídos pelos jovens do ensino médio

O objetivo da pesquisa da qual decorre este texto foi analisar os sentidos que a escola tem para jovens no ultimo ano do Ensino Medio regular, na tentativa de compreender as peculiaridades e os significados de sua permanencia na Educacao Basica. Para tanto, em 2013, em Sao Carlos (SP), foi aplicado um questionario junto aos alunos de escolas publicas e particulares da cidade. Posteriormente, com um grupo desses estudantes, foram realizados encontros denominados conversa coletiva, com vistas a produzir uma reflexao a partir dos resultados obtidos com os questionarios. Ao se posicionarem, os jovens compoem sentidos positivos e se motivam em relacao a escola, nao obstante, apontam deficiencias nela presentes sem, com isso, desvaloriza-la.

A reabilitação profissional no INSS: caminhos da terapia ocupacional

Este texto traz dados de uma pesquisa que objetivou identificar e compreender praticas e concepcoes delineadas pela terapia ocupacional no Servico de Reabilitacao Profissional no Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (INSS), no estado de Sao Paulo. Compreende-se que a reabilitacao profissional, que visa a proporcionar aos segurados os meios para reingresso no mercado de trabalho e que e atribuida oficialmente ao Ministerio da Previdencia Social, dialoga com a saude, com a educacao e com as politicas e acoes de trabalho e emprego. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionario encaminhado as terapeutas ocupacionais do INSS no referido estado, bem como por entrevistas realizadas com parte delas, abordando tematicas que foram categorizadas para a analise do que relatam acerca de suas praticas e concepcoes, enfatizando pontos reflexivos sobre limites, possibilidades e desafios nessa atuacao e ampliando a discussao para a estrutura do Servico. E apontada uma serie de fatores que implicariam uma avaliacao mais negativa que positiva de sua atuacao no Instituto, os quais estariam mais vinculados a questoes estruturais do Servico. Creem, todavia, na melhoria dessa estrutura, indicando a necessidade do incremento das possibilidades oferecidas, de uma maior participacao e responsabilizacao por parte das empresas, da construcao de um trabalho articulado com os demais setores governamentais e da sociedade civil, alem da ampliacao e da reformulacao da legislacao que trata da reabilitacao profissional no Brasil.