Ruimário Inácio Coelho

Germinação de sementes de urucu em diferentes temperaturas e substratos

Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, analisar o comportamento germinativo das sementes de urucu cultivar Casca Verde, com e sem escarificacao, sob regime de diferentes temperaturas e substratos. O trabalho foi realizado no Laboratorio de Tecnologia e Analise de Sementes do Centro de Ciencias Agrarias da Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo (CCA-UFES). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, num esquema fatorial 2x6x4 (dois tratamentos fisicos nas sementes, seis substratos e quatro temperaturas), totalizando 48 tratamentos, com quatro repeticoes de 50 sementes. Os tratamentos fisicos foram: as sementes intactas e as sementes escarificadas; os substratos foram: a areia, a vermiculita, a fibra de coco, o po de serra, o Plantmax e o rolo de papel Germitest ; e, as temperaturas testadas foram constantes de 20, 25 e 30oC e alternada de 20-30oC. Os dados foram submetidos a analise de variância e as medias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram maior porcentagem de germinacao das sementes de urucu, semeadas nos substratos areia, vermiculita e rolo de papel; as temperaturas de 25, 30 e 20-30oC foram mais adequadas para testes de germinacao dessas sementes.

Brotação de gemas em secções de caule de abacaxizeiro 'smooth cayenne' tratadas com reguladores de crescimento

The ex-vitro propagation of the pineapple plant cv Smooth Cayenne was evaluated using the stem sections treated with Giberelic acid (GA3) and 6 benzylaminopurine (BAP). The design utilized was the fractionated factorial of the type (1/5)53 with sizes of stem sections, GA3, BAP and five levels totalizing 25 treatments that consisted of the combination of different length of section (6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 cm) and concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg L-1) of GA3 and BAP. Each plot consisted of 50 sections treated through immersion for one minute in solutions containing different combinations of GA3 e BAP concentrations. BAP had positive and GA3 negative effect on the percentage of buds sprouting in stem sections at 28 days after planting. The section size, GA3 and BAP application affected the number of buds sprouting per stem section. It was verified the effect on the following characteristics: shoot height, fresh and dry weight of the seedlings and dry weight of root evaluated 123 days after being planted in answer of the section size, GA3 and BAP. However, only stem section size presented a positive effect. The highest values of fresh and dry weight of the seedlings were obtained without BAP and GA3 in stem sections of 14 cm long.

Utilização de marcadores ISSR na avaliação da divergência genética entre acessos de biribazeiro

The biribazeiro is a fruit plant native from Amazonian and Atlantic forests, in Brazil. Their fruits have great popular acceptance for fresh consumption. The objective of this study was to measure the genetic divergence of biriba genotypes (Rollinia mucosa [Jacq.]Baill) using ISSR molecular markers. Sixteen genotypes of biriba were screened with 20 ISSR primers, which produced a total of 118 bands, with 96 polymorphic and 22 monomorphic fragments. The genetic dissimilarity values ​​ranged from 0.0909 to 0.5147, based on the complement of the Jaccard index. The UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Average Method) grouped the accessions into six groups. The genotypes 1 and 5 were most dissimilar and 11 and 12 the most similar. The ISSR markers used in this study demonstrated the efficiency of molecular polymorphisms detection, revealing high genetic variability among the 16 accessions. So, it can be inferred that there is a considerable genetic variation among accessions of the biribazeiro, showing the importance of molecular markers in the analysis of variability of species poorly studied, as Rollinia mucosa [Jacq.]Baill.

Adubação foliar com macro e micronutrientes no crescimento de mudas micropropagadas do abacaxizeiro cv. Gold [Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill] em diferentes recipientes

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the foliar fertilization with macro and micronutrients on the growth of the plantlets micropropagated of pineapple cv. Gold [Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill] in different containers. The experiment was mounted in factorial arrangement 8x3, with foliar fertilization in 8 levels and containers in 3 levels, through a completely randomized design with five repetitions. The plantlets were standardized with average height of 7,12 cm. The foliar fertilization was used in the urea, potassium chloride, boric acid, a commercial formulated with macro and micronutrients and witness (pulverization with water) and the containers were: polystyrene tray with 200 cells; small tubete with 115 cm3; and big tubete with 300 cm3. The substratum used for all the containers was the plantmax hortalicas®. The foliar area characteristics, plant height and dry mass of the aerial part and of the root at 140 days after planting were evaluated. All the foliar fertilizers, in all used containers, provided larger growth in foliar area, height and dry mass of the aerial part to the plantlets of the pineapple, however with different results. The foliar fertilizers do not increase the dry mass of the radicular system. The container polystyrene tray presents the smallest averages for foliar area, height and dry mass of the aerial part of the plantlets of the pineapple with all the foliar fertilizer. The containers small tubete and big tubete present similar results in all levels of foliar fertilizers.

Resposta à adubação com uréia, cloreto de potássio e ácido bórico em mudas abacaxizeiro'Smooth Cayenne'

SUMMARY – Suckers of the pineapple plant ( Ananas comosus L.), Smooth Cayenne cv., obtained by stem sectioning, were submittedto leaf fertilization with solutions at different concentrations of urea, KCl and H 3 BO 3 . The fractionated factorial design of the type (1/5)5 3 was used, with three fertilizer types and five concentrations, totalizing 25 treatments that consisted of combination of conce ntrations(0; 2.5; 5.0; 7.5) and 10 g L -1 of urea and KCl, as well as 0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 g L -1 of H 3 BO 3 . The treatments began nine weeks afterplanting the stem sections. Twenty six sprays of urea and KCl were weekly applied as well as four monthly sprays of H 3 BO 3 . Positivelinear growth was verified for the following characteristics: sprouting heights, leaf numbers, leaf area, dry and fresh matter of thesuckers in response to increasing urea levels. No effect of KCl and H 3 BO 3 were observed for the growth characteristics underevaluation. The suckers -1 fertilized with 10 g Lurea reached 40 cm height and 242 g fresh matter at the 9

EMERGÊNCIA E CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE PLÂNTULAS DE TANGERINEIRA ‘CLEÓPATRA’ SUBMETIDAS A DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE SOMBREAMENTO

Os conhecimentos sobre as respostas das plantas a luminosidade sao de grande importância para a producao de mudas, mas nem sempre estes dados estao disponiveis para muitas especies. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a emergencia e o crescimento inicial de mudas de tangerineira ‘Cleopatra’ (Citrus reshni Hort. ex Tan) submetidas a diferentes niveis de sombreamento. Os niveis de sombreamento avaliados foram: 0 (pleno sol), 30, 50, 80% de sombra. As sementes foram plantadas em quatro repeticoes com 25 sementes, totalizando o numero de 100 sementes para cada nivel de sombreamento, em tubetes contendo o substrato Plantmax® Florestal. As caracteristicas analisadas foram: indice de velocidade de emergencia (IVE); percentual de emergencia (PER); altura (ALT); numero de folhas (NF); area foliar (AF); massa da materia seca da parte aerea e da raiz (MSPA e MSR) e teores de clorofila a, b e total (CLO A; CLO B; CLO T) nas folhas. Por meio de analises de regressao observou-se resposta linear para altura das plantas em funcao do nivel sombreamento. Para as demais caracteristicas observou-se comportamento polinomial de 2° grau, com as caracteristicas IVE, AF, MSPA e MSR apresentando pontos de maximo. Comportamento diferente dos observados para as caracteristicas NF, CLO A, CLO B e CLO T cujas curvas passam por ponto de minimo. Portanto, ao se analisar o conjunto das caracteristicas avaliadas observa-se que o nivel de sombreamento de 50% proporcionou maior emergencia e crescimento das mudas de tangerineira ‘Cleopatra’.

Variabilidade espacial das frações granulométricas e da produção de bananeira 'Prata Anã'

The objective was to study the spatial variability of the particle size fraction and the production of an experimental parcel cultivated with banana cultivar ‘Prata Ana’, through techniques of exploratory analysis and geostatistics. The data were collected in the area under the crown projection of the plants at a depth of 0-0.2 m, using a regular grid of 6 × 4 m, with a total of 100 sampling points. In each sample were determined the fractions fine sand (AF), thick sand (AG), total sand (AT), silte (Sil), clay (AR) and the production of each plant. The mass of the fruit cluster (MC) did not present significant correlation with any of the particle size fractions.

GERMINAÇÃO E CRESCIMENTO DE MUDAS DE BIRIBAZEIRO {ROLLINIA MUCOSA(JACK) BAILL} NO BRASIL

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar diferentes tratamentos pre-germinativos e tamanho de recipientes na germinacao e crescimento inicial das mudas de Rollinia mucosa (Jack) Baill . Em casa de vegetacao, o delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3x3, sendo tres tipos de tubetes [(T1 = 288cm3, T2 = 115cm3, T3 = 55cm3)] e tres tratamentos pre-germinativo (TPG) das sementes [imersao em agua por 12 horas (AGUA), escarificacao mecânica (ESC) e testemunha sem tratamento (SS)], com 5 repeticoes de 20 sementes por parcela. No experimento conduzido em laboratorio, utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com nove tratamentos pre-germinativos e quatro repeticoes com 25 sementes por parcela. Os tratamentos pre-germinativos foram: imersao em acido giberelico (GA3) por 24 horas nas concentracoes de 250 (T1), 500 (T2), 750 (T3) e 1000 (T4) mg. L-1, imersao em agua por 24 horas (T5); escarificacao com acido sulfurico concentrado, por 5 (T¨6), 15 (T7), 25 (T8) e 35 minutos (T9). A germinacao das sementes de biriba para as condicoes deste experimento nao e influenciada pelos tratamentos pre-germinativos e pelos tipos de tubetes empregados. O tratamento com acido geberelico influenciou positivamente na porcentagem de germinacao e no indice de velocidade de germinacao das sementes de biriba.

Spatial variability in the diagnosis of nutritional status in the papaya

Leaf analysis is widely used to study the nutritional status of plants, based on the fact of there being a direct correlation between rate of growth and the nutrient levels in leaf tissue. This study was carried out on a commercial crop of Golden THB papaya, in the north of the State of Espirito Santo, Brazil, to determine the spatial variability of nutrients in the petiole of leaf samples collected when carrying out sexing in a regular grid of 129 georeferenced points. Harvesting was carried out manually 270-365 days after transplanting. All the characteristics displayed a strong spatial dependence, the spherical and exponential semivariograms being adjusted for the data. The greatest and smallest ranges were found for the micronutrients Mn and Zn respectively. Mean productivity was considered to be low at 13.6 Mg ha-1. Geostatistical analysis of the data aided in the preparation of thematic maps showing the different areas of productivity and foliar application of fertiliser in the papaya. However, the largest regions in the area were displayed by those classes which included the mean value for an attribute, indicating the use of the mean values in the recommendation of foliar fertilisation, with the exception of P and K.

Brotação de mamoeiro tainung 1 submetido a diferentes alturas de corte do caule

This work was carried out at greenhouse, in the CCA-UFES, Alegre-ES and had as an aim to study the effect of different heights of cut of stem in sproution of papaya plants Tainung 01 (Carica papaya L.). The work was carried out in two phases, utilizing plants with age of 190 days cultivated in polyethylene containers of 1288 cm3. In the first phase, the experimental design was in completely randomized design, with three treatments and 14 replications of one plant per plot: plants cutting with 20; 35 e 50 cm of height, measured from the plant lap. After 30 days of cut of the stem, they evaluated the next agronomical characteristic: last shoot diameter, last shoot size, last shoot leaf number larger one centimeter and shoot number for plant. In this first phase, the last shoot size was the characteristic that introduced significant difference. In the second phase, last shoots of plants utilized in the previous phase were removed. The experimental design was in completely randomized design with 13 repetitions in split plot, with the primary treatments of the previous phase and in split plot was made an evaluation in the first one and at 15 and 30 days. The agronomical characteristic evaluated was the same of the first phase. The cutting at 20 cm height provides better last shoot development and increase of the leaf number in the last shoot.