Tetsuo Tashiro

MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF MENISC OF THE KNEE JOINT

Investigamos los aspectos morfometricos de los meniscos de la articulacion de la rodilla tales como: grosor de la circunferencia externa y el ancho de los meniscos, relacion area del menisco/area del platillo de la tibia y la distancia entre los cuernos posterior y anterior de cada menisco. Fueron analizados 44 meniscos de 22 rodillas de cadaveres humanos, adultos, de sexo masculino. Las variables morfometricas ancho y grosor fueron evaluadas en tres puntos distintos: tercio anterior, tercio medio y tercio posterior, y sus valores comparados entre los compartimientos medial y lateral. En el menisco medial no hubo diferencia significativa, en lo que se refiere al grosor, entre los tercios anterior, medio y posterior, mientras que en el menisco lateral, el tercio medio se mostro como sitio de mayor grosor. En cuanto al ancho, se observo que el tercio posterior del menisco medial fue estadisticamente el sitio mas ancho del menisco, mientras que en el menisco lateral no hubo ninguna diferencia significativa entre los tres puntos analizados. La relacion area del menisco/area del platillo de la tibia y la distancia entre los cuernos anterior y posterior fueron mayores en el compartimiento medial. Los resultados morfometricos de los meniscos demostraron relacion con los datos clinicos. El menisco medial se mostro mas ancho y ocupando una area de cobertura del platillo de la tibia mas grande, lo que justifica la mayor incidencia de lesiones que afectan ese menisco. De la misma manera, los valores de medicion en su tercio medio, confirman la mayor frecuencia de rupturas en esa region

Efeito do treinamento físico sobre o tecido ósseo e a concentração sérica de cálcio em camundongos fêmeas ovariectomizadas

PURPOSE The aim of this study is to evaluate possible morphometric alterations in bone tissue and the calcium serum concentration in ovariectomized mice subjected to physical training. METHODS Fifty female mice, aged 90 days, divided into 5 groups (n=10): control (C), pseudo-operated sedentary (POS), pseudo-operated trained (POT), ovariectomized sedentary (OVS) and ovariectomized trained (OVT). Groups OVS and OVT were subjected to an ovariectomy, and groups POS and POT were subjected to a pseudo-surgery. Thirty days after the surgery, groups POT and OVT were subjected to physical training during 05 weeks in ergometer at a speed of 20 m/min. The other animals stayed sedentary at the same period. Afterwards the animals were sacrificed and had blood collected to realize calcium serum dosage and the right femurs were collected to realize a histomorphometric study. RESULTS The calcium serum concentration in group OVT was lower than the other groups (p<0.05). The mass of femurs in groups POT and OVT was higher than the group Control (p<0.05). The average density of the osteocytes was higher in group OVS (p<0.05). The average value of the area of the osteocytes showed difference only between groups POS and OVS (p<0.05). There were no differences in the bone length, nor in the osteocytes perimeter. CONCLUSION The physical training in part prevented the alterations in the bone tissue due to the ovariectomy and enabled an increase of the bone formation.

Estudo morfométrico da fossa intercondilar femoral em joelhos com e sem lesão do ligamento cruzado anterior (L.C.A. ), através da aplicação de um software sobre imagens radiográficas digitalizadas

The authors suggest the use of software in digitalized radiographic images to morphometric analysis of the intercondylar notch and the femoral condyles. The software allows the draw of guide lines which facilitate the measurement of the distal extremity of femur. Thirty-nine radiographic simple has been analyzed of femoral intercondylar notch of right and left knees, of male sex individuals collected into normal (n=23) and injured (n=16) groups. The age average was 26-56 years old.The analyzed variable had been femoral bicondylar width, widths of intercondylar notch to the level of the popliteal groove and the notch base, intercondylar notch height and the width of lateral femoral condyle. The intercondylar notch was classified according to its shape into conical , circular and rectangular. The results suggest that the base width of the notch and the width of the femoral condyle would be important risk factors of the injury of A.C.L. The average range of analyzed variables are near to the ones described in the specialized literature in direct measurements in corpse pieces and magnetic resonance imaging and demonstrate that the use of a software in digitalized radiographic images provides a realiable measurement, even if simple and low cost radiographic images are used.

The effect of endurance training on the neovascularization of skeletal musculature

PURPOSE To quantify the capillaries in the skeletal muscular tissue of mice with induced peripheral arterial insufficiency, after endurance training. METHOD It was used Wistar mice in 70 days age range, subjected to the total occlusion of right femoral artery. The animals were divided into two groups: sedentary group (SG; n = 05), subjected to activities in the cage; and trained group (TG; n = 05), subjected to an endurance training in cycle ergometer twice a day 17m/min, by 5 minutes, 5 days per week during 10 weeks. The analysis was realized by the histologic observation of the vastus medialis muscle of injured member. RESULTS The average number of capillaries in the muscular tissue was greater in TG (5,2 +/- 0,83) than in SG (1,6 +/- 1,14) (p < 0,05). CONCLUSION In animals with induction of peripheral arterial insufficiency, the endurance training provides a process of muscular adaptation which is observed by the increase in the number of capillaries of animals subjected to this kind of training.

Aeração nasal e força muscular respiratória em crianças respiradoras orais

PURPOSE: to observe whether there is a relationship between respiratory muscle strength and degree of nasal aeration in Mouth Breathing children. METHODS: this is an observational and a comparative cross-sectional study. The subjects were 32 Mouth Breathing children with allergic rhinitis (21 boys and 11 girls) and 30 nasal breathing without allergic rhinitis (09 boys and 21 girls), 7-12 years, subjected to evaluation for nasal aeration with Altmann mirror and to evaluation of respiratory muscle strength with digital manovacuometer (MVD(r)30). RESULTS: there was no correlation between nasal aeration and respiratory muscle strength in each subgroup. There was difference comparing values ​​of maximal expiratory pressure between mouth breathers boys and girls (p=0,0064), and between nasal breathers boys and girls (p=0,0030). There was also difference maximal inspiratory pressure between mouth breathers boys and girls (p=0,0324), and between nasal breathers boys and girls (p=0,0210). CONCLUSION: it was not possible to confirm that there is a relationship between the degree of nasal aeration and respiratory muscle strength in Mouth Breathing.

QUALIDADE DE VIDA E NÍVEL DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA DE TRABALHADORES COM DIFERENTES TEMPOS DE SERVIÇO

Objective: To describe workers’ life quality and physical activity level. Complementarily, the employees’ working time in the company was associated to their physical activity level and compared to their life quality. Materials and Methods: The sample was composed by 375 workers of both genders from a national company of electrical energy in Pernambuco. Then, those workers were subdivided into two groups according to their working time in the company: up to 15 years (n=166) with age mean of 36.08±6.80 years and more than 15 years (n=209) with age mean of 55.37± 5.17 years. Statistical analysis was made using Mann Whitney and Chi-square tests with p less than 0.05. Results: The employees having more working time presented better levels in the physical (p less than 0.05), psychological (p less than 0.01) and environmental (p less than 0.05) domains. The associative analysis between the physical activity level and the working time has revealed that the workers having more working time were more physically actives (X2=4.617; p=0.03). Conclusion: It is concluded that most of the investigated sample has showed satisfactory levels in the quality of life and level of physical activity. As a result contrary to expectations is the fact that workers having more working time in the company have proven to be more physically active, contradicting the findings of the literature. DESCRIPTORS Physical activity. Quality of life. Workers.

ANÁLISIS MORFOMÉTRICO DE LOS ELEMENTOS DE LA CADENA ESTILOHIOÍDEA

La cadena estilohioidea es constituida por el proceso estiloide del hueso temporal, ligamento estilohioideo y cuerno menor del hueso hioides. La patofisiologia de esa cadena es muy estudiada, principalmente lo que se refiere al Sindrome de Eagle, entidad clinica caracterizada por el alargamiento del proceso estiloides, y una serie de sintomas como disfonia, disfagia, dolor faringeo, glositis, otalgia, tonsilitis, dolor facial, cefalea, odinofagia y dolor en la articulacion temporomandibular. Datos morfometricos de esas estructuras son escasos en la literatura. Este estudio busco establecer valores de la longitud de la cadena estilohioidea y de sus elementos. Fueron utilizadas 30 cadenas estilohioideas de 15 regiones del cuello, de cadaveres pertenecientes al Departamento de Anatomia del Centro de Ciencias Biologicas de la Universidade Federal de Pernambuco de Brasil, cadenas que fueron disecadas y luego medidas con paquimetro de 0,02mm de precision. A traves del analisis estadistico verificamos que los resultados estan de acuerdo con los referidos en la literatura para el proceso estiloides del hueso temporal. Por otra parte, valores para el ligamento estilohioideo y cuerno menor del hueso hioides no se encuentran disponibles en la literatura. (AU)