G. Bidal

A New Technique to Extract the Source/Drain Series Resistance of MOSFETs

This letter demonstrates a new technique to extract the source/drain series resistance of MOSFETs. Unlike the well-known total resistance techniques, Rsd is extracted in a way that the result is insensitive to effective length and mobility variations. The technique has been successfully applied to 45-nm bulk and fully depleted SOI MOSFETs with high-κ and metal gate, having channel length down to 22 nm. The technique provides a high accuracy and allows fast measurements and statistical analysis.

Low-Frequency Noise Investigation and Noise Variability Analysis in High-

Low-frequency noise (LFN) of high-k/metal stack nMOS and pMOS transistors is experimentally studied. Results obtained on 32-nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technologies, including LFN spectra and normalized power spectral density data analysis, are presented. These results indicate that the carrier number fluctuation is the main noise source for both nMOS and pMOS devices. As noise performance may strongly vary between different devices on one chip, the variability of the LFN when scaling down devices was also evaluated. A model known in the literature was used and enhanced in order to understand the noise level variability. A statistical analysis of the noise variability is also presented showing the dependence of the standard deviation with the device area. The comparison with former results from 45-nm poly/SiON technology demonstrates a better control of noise variability in the 32-nm CMOS technology.

k

In this study, a new technique to extract the S/D series resistance (R<inf>sd</inf>) from the total resistance versus transconductance gain plot R<inf>tot</inf>(1/β) is proposed. The technique only requires the measurement of I<inf>d</inf>(V<inf>gs</inf>)|<inf>Vgt</inf> and β, allowing fast and statistical analysis in an industrial context. Unlike the usual R<inf>tot</inf>(L)-based techniques, it has the advantage of being insensitive to the channel length and mobility variations and finally enables to extract very accurate values for R<inf>sd</inf>(V<inf>gs</inf>) and the effective mobility reduction factor µ<inf>eff</inf>(V<inf>gt</inf>)/µ<inf>eff</inf>(0).

/Metal Gate 32-nm CMOS Transistors

This work highlights the new bulk⁺ technology using high-K dielectric, single metal gate and fully depleted SON (silicon on nothing) channel for sub-45 nm low cost applications. Thin silicon channel (down to T_si= 8 nm) and thin BOX (T_box = 15 to 25 nm) are obtained using the SON process (Jurczak, 1999). Transistor performance (W_design/L_gate= 90 nm/40 nm) at V_dd = 1.1 V and I_off < 2 nA/ mum is as high as 1298 muA/ mum for nMOS and 663 muA/ mum for pMOS. In addition, reliability, noise and 6T-SRAM bit cells down to 0.249 mum² are characterized. Significant improvements with respect to conventional bulk technology are demonstrated.

A new technique to extract the gate bias dependent s/d series resistance of sub-100nm MOSFETs

The power consumption and the matching will be the principal issues at the 32 nm node and below. In this context, Ultra-Thin Body devices are extensively studied for the end-of-roadmap CMOS. In this paper we present the SON technology, leading to the simple fabrication of sustained mono-Si nano-membranes over an empty tunnel, and discuss on the application of this process to build-up electronic devices. This technology opens a wide range of applications, in particular for the realization of localized single-gate fully depleted transistors on bulk substrates and of double-gate planar devices, co-integrable with conventional bulk devices.

Planar Bulk + technology using TiN/Hf-based gate stack for low power applications

This paper highlights the successful co-integration of Localized Silicon-On-Insulator (LSOI) devices and of bulk-Si I/O devices on the same chip. LSOI devices present good logic performances and very low mismatch values down to 1.2mV/µm. In addition, we show the backbiasing impact on LSOI SRAM bit-cells for stability improvement. This work also presents the co-integration of LSOI with bulk devices as a solution for the devices that are not compatible with thin-body technology. In particular, we demonstrate for the first time competitive bulk co-integrated ElectroStatic Discharge (ESD) protections.

Silicon-On-Nothing (SON) applications for Low Power technologies

We demonstrate for the first time high-performant planar multi-gates devices with Si-conduction channel of 4nm, allowing drive current up to 1350µA/µm @Ioff=0.4nA/µm (Vdd=1.1V, CET=1.9nm). But as future multi-gates transistors need to have reduced capacitances and a simple robust process, we also demonstrate in this paper an ideal planar self-aligned solution, based on the direct exposure of a HSQ layer through a 5nm Si-channel. This opens the way to an easy planar multi-gate process for ultimate CMOS (11nm node & below), fully co-integrable with conventional devices.

Hybrid Localized SOI/bulk technology for low power system-on-chip

The objective of this paper is to present the successful co-integration of Logic Ultra-Thin Body and Box (UTBB) devices and bulk-Si I/O devices on the same chip. The UTBB transistors are integrated locally on a Bulk wafer with the Localized Silicon On Insulator (LSOI) process technology with HfO2/TiN gate stack for low power applications. I/O co-integrated Bulk devices have a thicker interfacial SiO2 under the HfO2/TiN stack to be compatible with the I/O higher voltage. Both performances of logic UTBB and I/O bulk devices are presented.

A solution for an ideal planar multi-gates process for ultimate CMOS?

For the first time we demonstrate the CMOS integration of undoped fully-depleted Ultra Thin Body and BOX devices (UTB2) with (110)/(100) substrate crystal orientation for pFET and nFET respectively. For this, we used an original 3D-folded Bulk+/Silicon-On-Nothing (SON) process on DSB substrate. Resulting multi-surface orientations devices are studied.

Localized SOI logic and bulk I/O devices co-integration for Low power System-on-Chip technology

This work presents an experimental study in order to evaluate the quality of transport in state-of-the-art Gate-All-Around devices. 25nm×20nm×10nm (LxWxT Si ) silicon channel devices with metal/high-k gate all-round stack were characterized electrically in terms of mobility and limiting velocity in order to evaluate the possible occurrence of ballisticity. Conclusions are finally presented in the scope of elementary circuit perspectives.