Herintha Coeto Neitzke

Flebotomíneos de municípios do norte do estado do Paraná, sul do Brasil

This work reports the results of sandfly collections in several places, during 2001 and 2002, in Bom Sucesso, Jardim Alegre, Kalore, Londrina and Sabaudia municipalities, North of the State. The sandflies catches were performed with Shannon and Falcao traps in domiciliary areas, domestic animal shelters, barns and in the forest. A total of 4,019 specimens of 8 species were captured. Nyssomyia whitmani predominates in all of the municipalities. The species Migonemyia migonei, Nyssomyia neivai and N. whitmani may be involved in the epidemiology of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in this state.

Informações preliminares sobre flebotomíneos do norte do Paraná

The results from sandfly collections in 10 municipalities in Parana State, Brazil are reported. The captures were done using Falcao traps in homes, domestic animal shelters and forested areas, from 1999 to 2002. A total of 13,653 sandflies were collected from 10 species of the genera Brumptomyia, Expapillata, Evandromyia, Migonemyia, Pintomyia, Nyssomyia and Psathyromyia. The species Nyssomyia neivai was predominant in five municipalities. N. whitmani predominated in the other five, in greater numbers than for N. neivai in the first five municipalities. High frequencies of sand flies were found in forests, homes, pigpens and henhouses. Investigations on the participation of domestic animals and phlebotomine fauna in the epidemiology of tegumentary leishmaniasis should be routine in health surveillance, especially where this disease is endemic.

Estudo dos hábitos alimentares de flebotomíneos em área rural no sul do Brasil

OBJETIVO: Investigar a composicao especifica e aspectos da preferencia alimentar de flebotomineos em relacao aos animais domesticos existentes em area endemica de leishmaniose tegumentar americana. METODOS: Os flebotomineos foram coletados nos meses de janeiro a abril de 2004, das 20 as 24h, numa area situada a 40 m de uma das residencias de um sitio localizado no municipio de Mandaguari, PR, sul do Brasil. Foram usadas quatro armadilhas luminosas de Falcao, instaladas a 5 m de distância uma da outra, ao lado de uma gaiola, cada uma delas contendo isca animal (suino, cao, coelho e galinha). RESULTADOS: Foram coletados 1.697 exemplares de flebotomineos, das especies: Nyssomyia whitmani, Pintomyia fischeri, Migonemyia migonei, Nyssomyia neivai, Pintomyia pessoai e Psathromyia shannoni, predominando N. whitmani. Nao houve preferencia alimentar dos flebotomineos em relacao aos animais investigados. CONCLUSOES: Verificou-se que N. whitmani e P. fischeri sao oportunistas e, provavelmente, as femeas ajustam os seus habitos alimentares a disponibilidade de hospedeiros, sugerindo o ecletismo alimentar desstes insetos nos ambientes antropicos.

Distribuição geográfica e características epidemiológicas da leishmaniose tegumentar americana em áreas de colonização antiga do Estado do Paraná, Sul do Brasil

This study analyzes the epidemiology of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in the municipalities of the Central North, Central West, and Northwest mesoregions of Paraná State, Brazil. Diagnosis of American tegumentary leishmaniasis cases was performed at the State University in Maringá from 1987 to 2004. According to the probable site of infection, cases were classified as autochthonous (infection inside the household domain) or allochthonous (outside the household domain). Municipalities with the most cases were Maringá (458), Doutor Camargo (126), São Jorge do Ivaí (121), Terra Boa (114), Cianorte (98), and Colorado (95). Of the total of 1,938 cases, 66.9% were male. Among the 667 autochthonous cases, similar numbers of men and women were infected, with cases in minors as young as five years of age, with the latter not occurring in the 794 allochthonous cases. Conditions favoring American tegumentary leishmaniasis were created in the processes involved in occupying the rural areas of these mesoregions, particularly in the agricultural settlement model and the crisis in coffee monoculture.

Avaliação de medidas de controle de flebotomíneos

Collections of sandflies were made between May 2005 and April 2006. The results were compared with those from collections undertaken between April 2001 and September 2002, in order to evaluate the measures used to decrease the density of these insects in Recanto Marista, municipality of Doutor Camargo, State of Paraná. The collections were carried out by Falcão traps inside domiciles and hen sheds, from 10 p.m. to 2 a.m. once a week, four times a month. In 2005 and 2006, 213,195 sandflies were collected (average of 1,113.8 per hour), compared with 199,821 (average of 1,653.5 per hour) in 2001 and 2002. Nyssomyia neivai predominated (75.4%) in all the ecotopes. Nyssomyia neivai, Nyssomyia whitmani, Migonemyia migonei and Pintomyia fischeri accounted for 99.7% of all the sandflies collected. The ecotope of hencoops accounted for 88.7% of the sandflies collected. It was observed that the sandfly density had decreased between the 2001-2002 and 2005-2006 collections, especially in homes.

Avaliação de medidas de controle de flebotomíneos no Município de Lobato, Estado do Paraná, Sul do Brasil

Sandfly control measures were evaluated at the Da Barra Ranch, Lobato municipality, Paraná State, Brazil. The insects were captured with Falcão traps in houses, a cattle corral, and a forest area from July to November 1999 and from February to June 2000. In December 1999 and January 2000 the following measures were taken to decrease the sandfly density in peridomiciliary areas and domiciles: (i) screens were placed on windows of buildings (domiciles, dormitory, cafeteria); (ii) all organic material was cleaned from the peridomiciliary area; and (iii) buildings were sprayed for insects. There were more Nyssomyia whitmani, Pintomyia fischeri, P. monticola, and Brumptomyia brumpti specimens in the former period, while N. neivai, Migonemyia migonei, and N. pessoai predominated in the latter. In the initial period most of the sandflies were captured in the forest and in the latter period in the houses. The sandfly control measures did not reduce the sandfly population on the Da Barra Ranch, but they led to significant proportional changes in the insect fauna composition.

Avaliação de medidas de controle de flebotomíneos no norte do Estado do Paraná, Brasil

Sandfly captures from April 2001-September 2002 were compared to those from October 1996-September 1997 and October 1998-April 2000 in order to evaluate control procedures conducted in Recanto Marista in the county of Doutor Camargo, Paraná State, Brazil. Sandflies were captured with Falcão traps twice a month, both in the domiciles and henhouses, from 10 PM to 2 AM. In 2001-2002, 199,821 sandflies were captured, with an hourly average of 1,625.5 insects; average captures in 1996-1997 and 1997-1998 were 1,641.9 and 806.7, respectively. Nyssomyia neivai was the most abundant species (90.4%) in all habitats. This species, together N. whitmani, Migonemyia migonei, and Pintomyia fischeri, accounted for 99.9% of all the specimens captured. The total hourly average sandfly captures increased, but 85% of these insects were captured in henhouses built with the purpose of attracting sandfly specimens, while the density decreased in other environments, especially intradomiciliary.

Pesquisa de infecção natural de flebotomíneos por Leishmania, no Estado do Paraná

American cutaneous leishmaniasis has been reported in all Brazilian states and in the Parana this disease is endemic. The objective of this work was to detect natural infections in phlebotomines to verify the vector competence of these insects and the identification of the parasite species. Phlebotomines were collected using Falcao and Shannon traps, in the municipalities of Doutor Camargo, Fenix and Mandaguari, between November 2005 and August 2006. from 12,930 phlebotomines were collected, 2,487 females were dissected and 1,230 dissected females had been submitted to polymerase chain reaction. Flagellates were detected in a female Nyssomyia whitmani that had been dissected and for polymerase chain reaction failed to detect Leishmania DNA in any females. Even though flagellates were not detected in Nyssomyia neivai it should still be considered as a potencial vector.

Estudo preliminar da preferência alimentar de Nyssomyia neivai (Pinto) e Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho) (Diptera: Psychodidae) em área rural do Paraná

Due to the importance of sandflies in the American cutaneous leishmaniasis epidemiology, we investigated the feeding preference of sandflies related to domestic animals common in domiciliary environments in endemic rural areas, where this disease occurs. The sandflies were collected with Falcão light traps, installed in cages, each one containing one domestic animal kind (pig, dog, rabbit or chicken), in Recanto Marista, in Doutor Camargo municipality. Forty five collections were made, totaling 135h of collections per trap. A total of 2,854 sandflies of the following species were collected: Brumptomyia brumpti (Larousse), Evandromyia correalimai (Martins, Coutinho & Luz), Evandromyia cortelezzii (Brèthes), Expapillata firmatoi (Barreto, Martins & Pellegrino), Micropygomyia ferreirana (Barreto, Martins & Pellegrino), Migonemyia migonei (França), Nyssomyia neivai (Pinto), Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho), Pintomyia fischeri (Pinto), Pintomyia monticola (Costa Lima), Pintomyia pessoai (Coutinho & Barreto), Psathyromyia lanei (Barreto & Coutinho) and Psathyromyia shannoni (Dyar). The dominant species was N. neivai. N. neivai and N. whitmani did not show any feeding preference towards the animals used as bait. It was concluded that N. neivai and N. whitmani are opportunist and, probably, the females adjust their feeding habits to the availability of hosts, suggesting their feeding eclecticism in the anthropic environments.