Ueslei Teodoro

Observações sobre o diagnóstico laboratorial e a epidemiologia da leishmaniose tegumentar no Estado do Paraná, sul do Brasil

Between 1986 and 1997 a total of 1418 patients were examined at the Clinical Analysis Teaching and Research Laboratory of Maringa State University (LEPAC/UEM) for cutaneous leishmaniasis by direct examination of stained smears made from the lesions, the Montenegro skin test and the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. Nine hundred and fifty five patients (67.3%) were positive for at least one of the three tests and of these 804 (84.2%) were considered to have contracted the disease in Parana State; 665 (69.6%) were between 15 and 49 years old; 658 (68.9%) were males; 523 (54.8%) sought medical advice during the first three months of their infections and 74 (7.7%) had mucosal lesions. Of the 83 counties of Parana State, where the patients had most probably acquired their infections, 44.7% were from the counties of Sao Jorge do Ivai (10.2%), Doutor Camargo (9.8%), Terra Boa (7.3%), Maringa (7.3%), Jussara (6.0%) and Cianorte (4.5%). Seventy seven strains of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis were isolated and 63.6% of these strains belong to serodema 1.Between 1986 and 1997 a total of 1418 patients were examined at the Clinical Analysis Teaching and Research Laboratory of Maringá State University (LEPAC/UEM) for cutaneous leishmaniasis by direct examination of stained smears made from the lesions, the Montenegro skin test and the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. Nine hundred and fifty five patients (67.3%) were positive for at least one of the three tests and of these 804 (84.2%) were considered to have contracted the disease in Paraná State; 665 (69.6%) were between 15 and 49 years old; 658 (68.9%) were males; 523 (54.8%) sought medical advice during the first three months of their infections and 74 (7.7%) had mucosal lesions. Of the 83 counties of Paraná State, where the patients had most probably acquired their infections, 44.7% were from the counties of São Jorge do Ivaí (10.2%), Doutor Camargo (9.8%), Terra Boa (7.3%), Maringá (7.3%), Jussara (6.0%) and Cianorte (4.5%). Seventy seven strains of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis were isolated and 63.6% of these strains belong to serodema 1.

Distribuição da leishmaniose tegumentar por imagens de sensoreamento remoto orbital, no Estado do Paraná, Brasil

BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of tegumentary Leishmaniasis (TL) is poorly known in the State of Parana. OBJECTIVES: To verify the geographical distribution of TL cases in four municipalities in the State of Parana and correlate the notified TL cases with the presence of the remaining vegetation and water streams, using images by satellite monitoring. METHODS: The distribution of 4,416 cases of TL in the State of Parana, from 1993 to 1998, was done according to the notification records used by the State of Parana Health Secretariat. The distribution of 231 cases of TL and the correlation between these cases and the remaining forest, as well as the extent to which man has influenced the environment in Cianorte, Japura, Jussara and Sao Tome municipalities was verified using satellite monitoring. RESULTS: The geographical distribution showed a higher concentration of cases in the northern and western regions of Parana. The satellite monitored images show that there is a close relationship between TL and modified native forest areas, gallery forest areas or the remainder of both. CONCLUSION: It is possible that the areas with higher incidence of TL in Parana are similar to the ones in Cianorte, Japura, Jussara and Sao Tome municipalities.

Observações sobre o comportamento de flebotomíneos em ecótopos florestais e extraflorestais, em área endêmica de leishmaniose tegumentar americana, no norte do Estado do Paraná, sul do Brasil

Between November 1988 and April 1990, 75,637 phlebotomines were captured with the use of Falcao light traps on Palmital farm in the north of Parana State, Brazil. Fifteen species were represented. The percentage of 95.8% of the insects were captured within the domiciliary area and the remaining 4.2% in the forest environment. The percentage of 62 were captured in one single Falcao light trap installed in a henhouse, where Blancasmya migonei predominated. In all the other traps Psychodopygus whilmani was predominant. B. migonei, P. whitmani, Pintomyia pessoai, Pintomyia fischeri and Psychodopygus intermedius are highly significant vectors of American cutaneous leishmaniasis and represented 93.8% of all phlebotomines captured with 10 Falcao light traps. The monthly densities of these insects were obtained from one Falcao light trap installed in a henhouse and increased especially in the warmer and more humid months. In the forest environment the phlebotomines were captured principally in traps installed about 10 meters above the ground and P. whilmani, B. migonei, P. intermedius, Brumptomyia brumpti, Psychodopygus monticola and P. pessoai were the dominant species. The need for information about the epidemiology of American cutaneous leishmaniasis calls for further investigation with a view to clarifying the implications of the relationship between the phlebotomines and domestic animals in the Leishmania cycle of transmission in domiciliary areas.Between November 1988 and April 1990, 75,637 phlebotomines were captured with the use of Falcão light traps on Palmital farm in the north of Paraná State, Brazil. Fifteen species were represented. The percentage of 95.8% of the insects were captured within the domiciliary area and the remaining 4.2% in the forest environment. The percentage of 62 were captured in one single Falcão light trap installed in a henhouse, where Blancasmya migonei predominated. In all the other traps Psychodopygus whitmani was predominant. B. migonei, P. whitmani, Pintomyia pessoai, Pintomyia fischeri and Psychodopygus intermedius are highly significant vectors of American cutaneous leishmaniasis and represented 93.8% of all phlebotomines captured with 10 Falcão light traps. The monthly densities of these insects were obtained from one Falcão light trap installed in a henhouse and increased especially in the warmer and more humid months. In the forest environment the phlebotomines were captured principally in traps installed about 10 meters above the ground and P. whitmani, B. migonei, P. intermedius, Brumptomyia brumpti, Psychodopygus monticola and P. pessoai were the dominant species. The need for information about the epidemiology of American cutaneous leishmaniasis calls for further investigation with a view to clarifying the implications of the relationship between the phlebotomines and domestic animals in the Leishmania cycle of transmission in domiciliary areas.De novembro de 1988 a abril de 1990 capturaram-se 75.637 flebotomineos, com armadilhas luminosas de Falcao, na fazenda Palmital, Norte do Estado do Parana, Brasil, resultando quinze especies. Dos insetos capturados, 95,8% o foram nos ambientes domiciliar e peridomiciliar e os restantes 4,2%, no ambiente florestal. Da totalidade de flebotomineos, 82,0% foram capturados numa armadilha instalada dentro de um abrigo de galinhas. Dos flebotomineos capturados em todas as armadilhas, 93,8% eram representados pelas especies Lutzomyia migonei, Lutzomyia whitmani, Lutzomyia pessoai, Lutzomyia fischeri e Lutzomyia intermedia, todas de relevância na epidemiologia da leishmaniose tegumentar americana. L. migonei prevaleceu numa unica armadilha do peridomicilio e nas demais prevaleceu L. whitmani. As densidades mensais desses insetos, obtidas usando-se somente os resultados da armadilha instalada dentro do galinheiro, foram elevadas principalmente nos meses mais quentes e umidos. No ambiente florestal predominou a acrodendrofilia dos flebotomineos, pois 87,9% deles foram capturados nas armadilhas instaladas a aproximadamente 10 m do solo, havendo predominio de L. whitmani, L. fischeri, L. migonei, L. intermedia, Brumptomyia brumpti, L. monticola e L. pessoai. A carencia de informacoes sobre a epidemiologia da leishmaniose no Estado do Parana indica que sao necessarios estudos que venham esclarecer quais sao as implicacoes das relacoes flebotomineos/animais domesticos na cadeia de transmissao de Leishmania no domicilio e peridomicilio.

Aspectos epidemiológicos da leishmaniose tegumentar em área endêmica do Estado do Paraná, Brasil

Realizou-se em 1992 e 1993 um inquerito epidemiologico para leishmaniose tegumentar (LT) envolvendo 684 individuos de uma populacao de aproximadamente 1400 pessoas de seis localidades agricolas (Fazenda Palmital, Cerâmica Andira, Fazenda Jussara, Fazenda Lagoa, Destilaria Melhoramentos e Fazenda Murure) de uma area endemica nos Municipios de Jussara e Terra Boa, no Norte do Estado do Parana, Brasil. Do total de 684 individuos estudados, 19,9% tinham historia de LT. Ressalta-se que na Fazenda Jussara ocorreu o maior percentual de pessoas com historia de LT (51/126 ou 40,5%). Das 684 reacoes de imunofluorescencia indireta realizadas, 58 (8,5%) tiveram titulos significativos, e destas, 17 (29,3%) eram de pessoas sem historia de LT. A intradermorreacao de Montenegro foi realizada em 97 individuos com historia de LT, sendo positiva em 80 (82,5%) deles. No momento do inquerito, sete individuos apresentavam lesao caracteristica de LT, e em quatro deles a pesquisa de Leishmania sp. foi positiva. A cepa de Leishmania isolada de um destes individuos foi identificada como Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis.

Flebotomíneos de municípios do norte do estado do Paraná, sul do Brasil

This work reports the results of sandfly collections in several places, during 2001 and 2002, in Bom Sucesso, Jardim Alegre, Kalore, Londrina and Sabaudia municipalities, North of the State. The sandflies catches were performed with Shannon and Falcao traps in domiciliary areas, domestic animal shelters, barns and in the forest. A total of 4,019 specimens of 8 species were captured. Nyssomyia whitmani predominates in all of the municipalities. The species Migonemyia migonei, Nyssomyia neivai and N. whitmani may be involved in the epidemiology of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in this state.

Leishmaniose tegumentar americana: flebotomíneos de área de transmissão no Norte do Paraná, Brasil

Dos casos de leishmaniose tegumentar diagnosticados no Laboratorio de Ensino e Pesquisa de Analises Clinicas da Universidade Estadual de Maringa-PR (Brasil), a maioria esta relacionada a areas, no Norte do Parana, que vem sendo ocupadas desde a decada de 1940, quando se iniciou extenso desmatamento naquela Regiao. A vegetacao nativa, ja em grande parte destruida, e constituida por mata densa do tipo tropical de transicao para subtropical. A paisagem no seu conjunto e de planalto, com clima tropical de transicao para subtropical, temperaturas medias anuais entre 20°C e 22°C e media do mes mais quente superior a 22°C. Das florestas nativas restam poucas e esparsas manchas de vegetacao, geralmente modificadas, ao longo das bacias dos rios Ivai, Paranapanema e Parana, e seus afluentes. Neste ambiente foram feitas 24 capturas de flebotomineos, 2 por mes, de outubro de 1986 a setembro de 1987, das 18 horas a l hora do dia seguinte. As capturas, com armadilhas de Shannon, foram realizadas as margens de mata modificada, tendo sido classificados 16.496 flebotomineos, pertencentes na sua quase totalidade a 13 especies. Observou-se prevalencia de Lutzomyia whitmani com 11.188 (67,82%) exemplares, seguido por Lutzomyia intermedia com 2.900 (17,58%) e Lutzomyia migonei com 1.491 (9,03%). Lutzomyia whitmani e Lutzomyia intermedia vem mostrando grande capacidade de adaptacao nos ambientes antropicos, onde tem destacado papel na transmissao de leishmaniose.

Influência da reorganização, da limpeza do peridomicílio e a da desinsetização de edificações na densidade populacional de flebotomíneos no Município de Doutor Camargo, Estado do Paraná, Brasil

Phlebotomine sandfly captures were performed in the domicile, domestic animal shelters, and peridomicile before and after rearrangement, cleaning, and disinsectization. Phlebotomine sandflies were captured with Falcão traps from October 1998 to April 2000 in the Recanto Marista district, Doutor Camargo municipality, Paraná State. The results were compared with those from October 1996 to September 1997. In this survey, 122,616 phlebotomine sandflies were captured using 10 traps, as compared to 157,983 in the previous period, with 6 traps. Lutzomyia neivai predominated in both periods. During the former period an hourly average of 1,641.9 phlebotomine sandflies were captured as compared to 806.7 in the latter. The results with four traps installed in the same locations shows that the hourly average was 1,318.8 in the former period and 156.0 in the latter. The large reduction in the number of phlebotomine sandflies captured in the second period may be due to the impact of alterations in the environment and the disinsectization of the buildings after the first period.

Informações preliminares sobre flebotomíneos do norte do Paraná

The results from sandfly collections in 10 municipalities in Parana State, Brazil are reported. The captures were done using Falcao traps in homes, domestic animal shelters and forested areas, from 1999 to 2002. A total of 13,653 sandflies were collected from 10 species of the genera Brumptomyia, Expapillata, Evandromyia, Migonemyia, Pintomyia, Nyssomyia and Psathyromyia. The species Nyssomyia neivai was predominant in five municipalities. N. whitmani predominated in the other five, in greater numbers than for N. neivai in the first five municipalities. High frequencies of sand flies were found in forests, homes, pigpens and henhouses. Investigations on the participation of domestic animals and phlebotomine fauna in the epidemiology of tegumentary leishmaniasis should be routine in health surveillance, especially where this disease is endemic.

Ecologia de Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani em área urbana do município de Maringá, Paraná

OBJETIVOS: Estudar a fauna, a frequencia horaria e a sazonalidade de flebotomineos em abrigos de animais silvestres, perimetro urbano.. METODOS: No Parque do Inga, perimetro urbano do municipio de Maringa, PR, foram coletados flebotomineos com armadilha de Shannon (AS) e com armadilhas de Falcao (AF). As coletas com AS foram feitas na margem do corrego Moscados, das 18h as 6h. As coletas com AF foram realizadas em abrigos de aves, mamiferos e repteis silvestres, das 20h as 24h. Com ambos os metodos as coletas foram feitas duas noites ao mes, de outubro de 1998 a setembro de 2000. RESULTADOS: Nas As coletaram-se 13.656 flebotomineos, com predominio de Lutzomyia whitmani (98,7%). Coletaram-se 4.040 flebotomineos, prevalecendo novamente L. whitmani (96,3%). Nas AS L. whitmani foi mais frequente entre 0h e 2h. Nas AS, esta especie foi mais frequente no mes de agosto (55,1%), e nas AF em marco (19,2%) e novembro (15,9%) de 1999, e em agosto (20,6%) de 2000. Coletaram-se mais flebotomineos nas AF instaladas nos abrigos de mamiferos (84,0%). CONCLUSOES: Foi nitido o predominio de L. whitmani no Parque do Inga; o pico maior de frequencia de L. whitmani em AS e no mes de agosto e nas AF, em marco e novembro; o pico de atividade de L. whitmani ocorre entre 0h e 2h.OBJETIVOS: Estudar a fauna, a frequencia horaria e a sazonalidade de flebotomineos em abrigos de animais silvestres, perimetro urbano.. METODOS: No Parque do Inga, perimetro urbano do municipio de Maringa, PR, foram coletados flebotomineos com armadilha de Shannon (AS) e com armadilhas de Falcao (AF). As coletas com AS foram feitas na margem do corrego Moscados, das 18h as 6h. As coletas com AF foram realizadas em abrigos de aves, mamiferos e repteis silvestres, das 20h as 24h. Com ambos os metodos as coletas foram feitas duas noites ao mes, de outubro de 1998 a setembro de 2000. RESULTADOS: Nas As coletaram-se 13.656 flebotomineos, com predominio de Lutzomyia whitmani (98,7%). Coletaram-se 4.040 flebotomineos, prevalecendo novamente L. whitmani (96,3%). Nas AS L. whitmani foi mais frequente entre 0h e 2h. Nas AS, esta especie foi mais frequente no mes de agosto (55,1%), e nas AF em marco (19,2%) e novembro (15,9%) de 1999, e em agosto (20,6%) de 2000. Coletaram-se mais flebotomineos nas AF instaladas nos abrigos de mamiferos (84,0%). CONCLUSOES: Foi nitido o predominio de L. whitmani no Parque do Inga; o pico maior de frequencia de L. whitmani em AS e no mes de agosto e nas AF, em marco e novembro; o pico de atividade de L. whitmani ocorre entre 0h e 2h.

Flebotomíneos em área de transmissão de leishmaniose tegumentar na região norte do Estado do Paraná - Brasil: Variação Sazonal e Atividade Noturna

No periodo de dois anos de capturas de flebotomineos com armadilha luminosa de Shannon, as margens de uma mata residual alterada, na fazenda Palmital, Municipio de Terra Boa, Estado do Parana, Brasil, observou-se que a densidade populacional desses insetos diminuiu sensivelmente, quando comparada com resultados anteriores, no mesmo local. As especies predominantes, Lutzomyia whitmani, Lutzomyia migonei, Lutzomyia intermedius e Lutzomyia fischeri tiveram atividade das 18 as 6h e o pico horario de frequencia variou de acordo com cada especie. As especies citadas mostraram maior densidade nos meses de verao e outono. Concluem-se que as alteracoes introduzidas no ambiente podem ter resultado em mudancas no comportamento dos flebotomineos.