Isília Aparecida Silva

Amamentar: uma questão de assumir riscos ou garantir benefícios

The development of several action of promotion of the breastfeeding seems do not reach many of the variables that determinate the breastfeeding course. With the proposal of understanding what makes the woman decide about breastfeeding or wearing, this study was developed trying to get the conscious meaning of the breastfeeding experience for the woman, how the importance of the breastfeeding is shown by the womans action and develop a theoretical sample that represents the experience of breastfeeding for the woman. Based on the theoretical presupposition of the Symbolic Interactionism and taking the Grounded Theory as the methodology, we described the breastfeeding based on the womans point of view. The research shows that the woman experiences the breastfeeding from a process that evaluates and gives value to it, and that is understood by the themes: Evaluating the capability of breastfeeding, Evaluating the womans feeling and Taking Decisions which the central phenomenon, representative of the process, is called WEIGHING THE RISKS AND BENEFITS. This study shows that the elements that give the policies for the breastfeeding result from the relation between the action of breastfeeding and several significant symbols shown in the interactive situations experienced by the woman.

Teses produzidas nos programas de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem de 1983 a 2001

Este estudo descreve a relacao das teses de doutorado em enfermagem defendidas nos Programas de Pos-Graduacao em Enfermagem, no Brasil, com as linhas de pesquisas definidas pela area da Enfermagem, em tres campos: profissional, assistencial e organizacional. E uma pesquisa descritiva-exploratoria, com base nos relatorios dos programas de Pos-Graduacao, avaliados pela Capes e no Catalogo Informacoes sobre Pesquisas e Pesquisadores em Enfermagem CEPEn/ABEn, referentes ao periodo de 1983-2001, totalizando 448 resumos. O campo assistencial alberga o maior numero de producao, seguido do organizacional e do profissional. As investigacoes evidenciam uma tendencia para estudos de abordagem qualitativa, descortinando possibilidades de aprofundamento do conhecimento da realidade ou compreensao de fenomenos sociais que tangenciam a pratica da enfermagem, porem, os estudos de intervencao na pratica profissional e de desenvolvimento de tecnologia ainda estao em fase de construcao.This study describes the relationship between nursing doctoral dissertations and research lines defined by the Brazilian Nursing field in three areas: professional, care and organizational. It isa descriptive-exploratory research, based on reports of Graduate Programs evaluated by CAPES and on The Informative Guide of Nursing Research and Researchers CEPEn/ ABEn, from 1983 to 2001, totalling 448 abstracts. The care field includes the greatest production, followed by the organizational and professional areas. The studies disclose tendency towards the qualitative approach revealing possibilities for a more profound knowledge about reality or a more through understanding of social phenomena related to nursing practice. On the other hand, studies on interventions in professional practice and technological development are still under construction.

Parturiente e equipe obstétrica: a difícil arte da comunicação

This study aimed at describing how communication is established between professionals assisting low-risk childbirth and women experiencing the parturition process. The results obtained from participant observation and interviews with the puerperae showed that the quality of communication is impaired and there is the prevalence of non-therapeutic communication. Technicism dominates and is permeated by a low level of perception and sensitivity with regard to the actual needs of women in labor. The management of labor and childbirth was most often the simple execution of technical procedures.This study aimed at describing how communication is established between professionals assisting low-risk childbirth and women experiencing the parturition process. The results obtained from participant observation and interviews with the puerperae showed that the quality of communication is impaired and there is the prevalence of non-therapeutic communication. Technicism dominates and is permeated by a low level of perception and sensitivity with regard to the actual needs of women in labor. The management of labor and childbirth was most often the simple execution of technical procedures. (authors)

A vivência de mães de recém-nascidos prematuros no processo de lactação e amamentação

Resumen This qualitative study aimed on the whole to understand the breastfeeding living experience of preterm newborn’s mothers, throughout the admission of their children and as specific objectives to describe the breastfeeding performance, and their lactation and breasts’ conditions during their children’s hospital discharge. It was adopted the model Weighing Risks and Benefits, as analysis referential and the method of Collective Subject for organizing data. Eleven women attended the study, in which they were mothers of preterm infants admitted at the Neonatal Unit of HU-USP. The semi-structured interview made it possible the creation of eight Collective Subject Discourses, listed in two groups with the following themes: Lactation and breastfeeding and Hospital and home contexts, which made it possible to understand that the mothers of this study lived a process of ongoing evaluation of the child’s health, growth and development conditions, which contributes to their motivation to breastfeed and guides their actions in keeping breastfeeding.

Reflexões sobre a prática do aleitamento materno

O trabalho traz uma analise sobre o aleitamento materno, fazendo reflexoes sobre os indicadores determinantes da situacao atual, buscando identificar os elementos fins e meios para atingir o cenario idealizado para o futuro da pratica do amamentar.

Representações de puérperas sobre o sistema alojamento conjunto: do abandono ao acolhimento

RESUMO O objetivo desse estudo foi compreender a representação social das puérperas acerca do Alojamento Conjunto (AC). Participaram 23 puérperas internadas no AC do HU-USP. A análise dos dados, obtidos por entrevistas individuais e grupos focais, baseou-se nas Representação Sociais. Uma das representações sobre sua internação mostra sentimento de medo, submissão às rotinas institucionais e equipe de saúde, um misto de acomodação e resistência a maneira impessoal como são tratadas. A Hospitalização: do abandono ao acolhimento, indica como a disponibilidade de interagir dos profissionais atua como elemento de resignificação das representações de abandono e indiferença sobre o atendimento à mulher.O objetivo desse estudo foi compreender a representacao social das puerperas acerca do Alojamento Conjunto (AC). Participaram 23 puerperas internadas no AC do HU-USP. A analise dos dados, obtidos por entrevistas individuais e grupos focais, baseou-se nas Representacao Sociais. Uma das representacoes sobre sua internacao mostra sentimento de medo, submissao as rotinas institucionais e equipe de saude, um misto de acomodacao e resistencia a maneira impessoal como sao tratadas. A Hospitalizacao: do abandono ao acolhimento, indica como a disponibilidade de interagir dos profissionais atua como elemento de re-significacao das representacoes de abandono e indiferenca sobre o atendimento a mulher.

Enfermagem e aleitamento materno: combinando práticas seculares

Support for breastfeeding one of the factors contributing to mother-child wellbeing has increased through innumerable government and non-government iniciatives. Despite this women still have difficulty finding specialised help to solve problems related to breastfeeding and lactation after discharge from hospital. We describe the Domiciliary Attendance to Mother and son whose aim it is to give assistance and advice to mothers in their homes. This assistance consists of teaching simplified breastfeeding management techniques based on the Symbolic Interactionism Model. All the women assisted under this program have been able to continue breastfeeding or to re-lactate successfully. (authors)Support for breastfeeding, one of the factors contributing to mother-child wellbeing, has increased through innumerable government and non-government initiatives. Despite this, women still have difficulty finding specialised help to solve problems related to breastfeeding and lactation after discharge from hospital. We describe the Domiciliary Attendance to Mother and son, whose aim it is to give assistance and advice to mothers in their homes. This assistance consists of teaching simplified breastfeeding management techniques, based on the Symbolic Interactionism Model. All the women assisted under this program have been able to continue breastfeeding or to re-lactate successfully.Support for breastfeeding, one of the factors contributing to mother-child wellbeing, has increased through innumerable government and non-government iniciatives. Despite this, women still have difficulty finding specialised help to solve problems related to breastfeeding and lactation after discharge from hospital. We describe the Domiciliary Attendance to Mother and son, whose aim it is to give assistance and advice to mothers in their homes. This assistance consists of teaching simplified breastfeeding management techniques, based on the Symbolic Interactionism Model. All the women assisted under this program have been able to continue breastfeeding or to re-lactate succes fully.

Social representations about support for breastfeeding in a group of breastfeeding women

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer las representaciones sociales de un grupo de amamantadoras sobreel apoyo para amamantar y, tambien, identificar las acciones del entorno social que son percibidas por esasmujeres, como apoyo en sus procesos de amamantar. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de un abordajecualitativo, en entrevista semiestructurada grabada, y organizados conforme la propuesta del Discurso delSujeto Colectivo y analizados segun las concepciones de la Teoria de las Representaciones Sociales. Losresultados mostraron que las representaciones de las mujeres de este estudio, sobre el apoyo para amamantar,son constituidas por las acciones disponibles en el contexto hospitalario, familiar y de trabajo. Bajo la optica dela mujer, el apoyo es un fenomeno de gran amplitud que engloba aspectos de incentivo, de promocion y deproteccion al amamantamiento.DESCRIPTORES: lactancia materna; apoyo social; salud de la mujerThis study aimed to get to know the social representations about support for breastfeeding in a group of breastfeeding women, as well as to identify the actions in their social environment these women perceive as supportive in their breastfeeding processes. Data were collected through a qualitative approach, using recorded semistructured interviews, organized in accordance with the Collective Subject Discourse and analyzed under the premises of Social Representations Theory. Results showed that the representations of women in this study about support for breastfeeding consist of actions available in the hospital, family and work contexts. In these womens perspective, support is a broad phenomenon that involves aspects of encouragement, promotion and protection to breastfeeding.Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as representacoes sociais de um grupo de nutrizes sobre o apoio para amamentar e, tambem, identificar as acoes do entorno social que sao percebidas por essas mulheres, como apoio em seus processos de amamentacao. Os dados foram coletados por meio de abordagem qualitativa, em entrevista semiestruturada gravada, e organizados conforme a proposta do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo e analisados segundo os pressupostos da Teoria das Representacoes Sociais. Os resultados mostraram que as representacoes das mulheres deste estudo, sobre o apoio para amamentar, sao constituidas pelas acoes disponiveis no contexto hospitalar, familiar e de trabalho. Sob a otica da mulher, o apoio e um fenomeno de grande amplitude que engloba aspectos do incentivo, da promocao e da protecao a amamentacao.

Necessidades de mulheres no puerpério imediato em uma maternidade pública de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

Objetivando identificar as necessidades de puerperas que demandam cuidados de enfermagem e compreender como elas percebem os cuidados de enfermagem durante sua permanencia no Alojamento Conjunto, realizamos uma pesquisa descritiva com dados qualitativos, orientados pela perspectiva de genero. Entrevistamos 25 mulheres que se encontravam internadas em unidade de Alojamento Conjunto de uma maternidade publica de Salvador-Bahia. A analise de conteudo na modalidade tematica conduziu-nos a apreensao de duas categorias: a necessidade de acolhimento e necessidade de cuidados fisicos. O resultado deste estudo aponta para a necessidade de modificacoes na pratica e no modo de cuidar da enfermagem, nao somente nos procedimentos tecnicos, mas tambem na incorporacao de valores e iniciativas humanizadoras do cuidado.In order to identify womens needs in their immediate puerperium and to understand their perception of the nursing care they received during this period, the authors developed a descriptive study with qualitative data in a gender perspective. Twenty-five women were interviewed in a public hospital in Salvador, State of Bahia. From the contents analysis, in which a thematic approach was used, emerged two categories: the need for physical care and for a gentle welcome. The study results point out to the need for a change in nursing practices, which should incorporate values and humanitarian initiatives as well as technical procedures.

Representações sociais de um grupo de mulheres/nutrizes sobre o apoio à amamentação

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer las representaciones sociales de un grupo de amamantadoras sobreel apoyo para amamantar y, tambien, identificar las acciones del entorno social que son percibidas por esasmujeres, como apoyo en sus procesos de amamantar. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de un abordajecualitativo, en entrevista semiestructurada grabada, y organizados conforme la propuesta del Discurso delSujeto Colectivo y analizados segun las concepciones de la Teoria de las Representaciones Sociales. Losresultados mostraron que las representaciones de las mujeres de este estudio, sobre el apoyo para amamantar,son constituidas por las acciones disponibles en el contexto hospitalario, familiar y de trabajo. Bajo la optica dela mujer, el apoyo es un fenomeno de gran amplitud que engloba aspectos de incentivo, de promocion y deproteccion al amamantamiento.DESCRIPTORES: lactancia materna; apoyo social; salud de la mujerThis study aimed to get to know the social representations about support for breastfeeding in a group of breastfeeding women, as well as to identify the actions in their social environment these women perceive as supportive in their breastfeeding processes. Data were collected through a qualitative approach, using recorded semistructured interviews, organized in accordance with the Collective Subject Discourse and analyzed under the premises of Social Representations Theory. Results showed that the representations of women in this study about support for breastfeeding consist of actions available in the hospital, family and work contexts. In these womens perspective, support is a broad phenomenon that involves aspects of encouragement, promotion and protection to breastfeeding.Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as representacoes sociais de um grupo de nutrizes sobre o apoio para amamentar e, tambem, identificar as acoes do entorno social que sao percebidas por essas mulheres, como apoio em seus processos de amamentacao. Os dados foram coletados por meio de abordagem qualitativa, em entrevista semiestruturada gravada, e organizados conforme a proposta do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo e analisados segundo os pressupostos da Teoria das Representacoes Sociais. Os resultados mostraram que as representacoes das mulheres deste estudo, sobre o apoio para amamentar, sao constituidas pelas acoes disponiveis no contexto hospitalar, familiar e de trabalho. Sob a otica da mulher, o apoio e um fenomeno de grande amplitude que engloba aspectos do incentivo, da promocao e da protecao a amamentacao.