Patrícia de Oliveira Lima

Variação anual de hormônios tireoideanos e características termorreguladoras de vacas leiteiras em ambiente quente

This work was carried out with the objective to study the annual behavior of thermo regulators traits in dairy cows. Two hundred cows were used during two consecutive years and the respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), as well as a blood sample was collected for triiodothyronin (T3) and thyroxin (T4) dosages, were recorded. Air temperature and humidity were also recorded and the black globe humidity index (BGHI) and radiant heat load (RHL) were calculated in the same days of data collection. There was no significative effect of the year for the majority of studied variables, however, the effects of month of collection and herd were significative for all variables. All values of RT were inside of the amplitude of normality, indicating homoeothermic condition. The RR was altered in every seasons of the year and herds, showing a constant necessity of thermolisys. In herds with higher RT and RR, there was a reduction T3 and T4 liberation. In seasons of higher BGHI and RHL, there was increase in the RT, followed for higher RR and lower T3 and T4 plasmatic concentrations.

Desenvolvimento dos estômagos de bezerros recebendo diferentes dietas líquidas

This research evaluated the influence of different liquid diets on development of the stomach compartments of crossbred calves. It was used 24 crossbred calves distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications: whole milk, 50% whole milk + 50% of cheese whey, 50% whole milk + 50% cheese whey supplemented with a whole egg; whole milk and 50% + 50% of cheese whey a supplemented with a egg added with biotin. I was evaluated the dry matter intake, weight gain, absolute and relative weight (weight of the empty body and weight stomach full) of the four stomach compartments, and papillae height of four rumen regions. The experimental diets did not affect any of the traits, being shown a relationship between animal performance and development of gastric compartments. The development of calf stomachs was not affected by the tested liquid diets, therefore enabling the replacement of 50% of milk for cheese whey.

Parâmetros séricos de bezerros submetidos a diferentes tipos dietas líquidas

This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of the liquid diet on the blood metabolites profile related to the protein and energy status of calves receiving different liquid diets. Twenty-four calves of Holstein x Gir breed were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications: Whole milk (Control); 50% whole milk + 50% of whey of cheese in natura; 50% whole milk + 50% of cheese whey in natura + one egg in natura; 50% whole milk + 50% of cheese whey in natura + one egg in natura + of biotin. The adaptation of the animals to the experimental diets occurred ten days before the beginning of the treatments. The animals received concentrate, Tifton-85 (Cynodon sp.) hay and water ad libitum from the birth to wean. Samples of blood were weekly collected in the morning, before the supply of the liquid diet and two hours after the ingestion. The concentrations of glucose, urea, creatinin, total proteins and albumin found in the serum of the calves, between liquid diets tested, were within normal limits when compared to reference levels in the literature. Only the values of urea differ significantly between treatments, but without harming the performance of the animals, soon it can be used the cheese whey in substitution to the whole milk, in the proportion of 50%, without egg or biotin addition, for a redution on the production cost.

Physicochemical and microbiological parameters of frozen and chilled chicken meat

With this study we aimed to evaluate and compare physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of frozen and chilled chicken meat. Only the prime cuts (breast, thighs, and drumsticks) were considered for the analysis of chemical composition, pH, color, water-holding capacity (WHC), thawing-cooking loss (TCL), and shear force (SF). For microbiological analysis, mesophilic bacteria, thermotolerant coliforms, and Salmonella spp. were considered. The frozen and chilled chicken meat showed no PSE (pale, soft, and exudative) or DFD (dark, firm, and dry) type of anomalies. The chromaticity showed higher redness in the breast (a* = 0.23) and yellowness in the thigh (b* = 5.64) for the frozen meat. The chilled meat showed better values for water-holding capacity in the thigh (69.19%) and thawing-cooking loss in the breast meat (18.84%). Samples of frozen and chilled chicken meat showed unconformities as to the percentage of occurrence of Salmonella spp., since the Brazilian legislation determines the absence of these pathogens. Both forms of preservation by freezing and chilling are recommended to maintain the physicochemical characteristics. In turn, we observed that the microbiological patterns can be maintained by the both forms of meat preservation by cold, mainly by freezing, provided there are satisfactory sanitary conditions in handling pre and post-slaughter of poultry.

Aspectos físico-químicos e microbiológicos do queijo tipo coalho comercializado em estados do nordeste do Brasil

The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical-chemical and microbiological profile of the rennet cheese sold in six states in northeastern Brazil. Physical-chemical and microbiological analyses of 104 samples of rennet cheese sold in the states of Pernambuco, Piaui, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraiba and Sergipe were analyzed, being 50 samples inspected and 54 without inspection. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) for physical-chemical parameters between samples. In accordance with the parameters of the legislation, in the 104 examined samples of rennet cheese, it was observed that 100 (96.15%) were outside the limits for Staphylococcus coagulase positive; 32 samples (31%) did not follow the standardization required for coliforms; and only one sample showed the presence of Salmonella sp. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between samples with and without inspection for microbiological analyses. The similarity found in the assessment of physical- chemical parameters of rennet cheese between the evaluated states demonstrates uniformity in the processing of this product. High levels of contamination by pathogens such as Staphylococcus coagulase positive and thermo-tolerant coliforms, as well as the presence of Salmonella sp., demonstrate that the consumption of rennet cheese may present a health risk for consumers.

Características de carcaça e componentes de peso vivo de bezerros recebendo diferentes dietas líquidas

This research evaluated the influence of different liquid diets on carcass yield, and components of retail cuts weight of crossbred calves slaughtered at 60 days of age. It was used 24 crossbred calves distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications: whole milk, 50% whole milk + 50% of cheese whey, 50% whole milk + 50% cheese whey supplemented with a whole egg; whole milk and 50% + 50% of cheese whey supplemented with a egg added with biotin. It was evaluated intake, weight gain and slaughter weight. After slaughter at 60 days, it was collected all data related to carcass characteristics, commercial cut yields and components of body weight. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey mean comparison (P<0.05). The substitution of milk by cheese whey in nature can be adopted as a way to reduce the cost of production in lactating since such a substitution will not adversely interfere with the development of animals.

Qualidade física e sensorial do camarão Litopeneaus vannamei cultivado em água doce

This experiment aimed to evaluate the quality of the marine shrimp L. vannamei farmed in fresh and salt water, with emphasis on physical and sensory parameters. For the physical parameters pH determinations were performed, water holding capacity (WHC), weight loss during cooking (PPS), texture and color (all in triplicate). For sensory analysis participated in the test 30 tasters, of both sexes, aged between 23-49 years were used to assess the shrimp according to the attributes of taste, odor, color, texture and juiciness and overall preference of appearance. Regarding the pH there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the two treatments, as well as CRA and PPC. The color parameters (a *, b * and L *) showed uniformity in the results for both the shrimp in nature as for the cooked, with no significant differences. The texture is highlighted where there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between treatments, with values from 1.03 to 1.34, confirming the data reported by the panel. Sensory parameters analyzed did not differ significantly, except for the attributes of odor and color, which were higher for the shrimp grown in salt water. Never the less the two treatments showed sensory quality, as well as satisfactory physical and chemical quality.

Cutaneous evaporative thermolysis and hair coat surface temperature of calves evaluated with the aid of a gas analyzer and infrared thermography

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the cutaneous evaporative thermolysis (CET) of different body regions of calves and its relationship to microclimate and coat surface temperature with the use of a gas analyzer and infrared thermography. Our study addresses two questions: (1) Is CET related to surface temperature and/or ambient temperature? (2) Is CET distributed heterogeneously over the body surface, as observed in adult animals? For the purposes of this study, we used twenty-three confined, crossbred calves (Holstein × Zebu). The microclimate was evaluated for air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and black globe temperature. Air temperature was analyzed as temperature classes ( 29 °C). CET was determined using a ventilated capsule coupled to a CO 2 /H 2 O analyzer. Hair coat surface temperature was measured using infrared thermography. We chose the same body regions that were analyzed for CET. Body surface temperature did not differ between the flank and hindquarters, but both these areas differed from the neck, which had the highest mean temperature. CET did not differ between body regions. No statistical difference was found for mean CET between TA classes 29 °C. Under conditions of high temperature and shading, CET is positively related to environmental temperature and is homogeneously distributed over the body surface of calves.

QUALIDADE MICROBIOLÓGICA DA CARNE DE CABRITO CONSERVADA COM ERVA-SAL (Atriplex nummulária)

É notória a importância econômica e social da caprinocultura no nordeste brasileiro, a qual detém o maior efetivo de caprinos, sendo responsável por 92,7% do total da espécie no País (IBGE, 2015). Para essa região, onde as condições edafoclimáticas dificultam a exploração agrícola, a caprinocultura já consolidou sua importância e viabilidade, despertando o interesse dos criadores em explorar. A carne caprina vem se sobressaindo ao longo dos últimos anos como uma boa opção de consumo, seja pelo seu valor nutricional ou pela sua qualidade sensorial. O valor comercial da carne tem sido baseado no seu grau de aceitabilidade pelos consumidores, e está diretamente correlacionado aos parâmetros de palatabilidade do produto.

AVALIAÇAO MICROBIOLÓGICA DA CARNE BOVINA COM ADIÇÃO DE DIFERENTES CONCENTRAÇÕES DE ERVA-SAL (Atriplex nummularia)

Uri Vanille Raiol da Silva, Luiz Leodécio Monteiro Alves Junior, Maria Carla da Silva Campêlo, Lucas de Oliveira Soares Rebouças, Patrícia de Oliveira Lima 1 Mestranda do programa de pós-graduação em produção animal – UFERSA, MossoróRN, Brasil; 2 ZootecnistaUFERSA, Mossoró-RN, Brasil; 3 Mestre em ciência animal – UFERSA, MossoróRN, Brasil; 4 Mestre em produção animalUFERSA, Mossoró-RN, Brasil; 5 Docente associado I (CCA/DCAN) Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido-UFERSA, Mossoró-RN, Brasil